[The orthodontic treatment of children with disabilities].

Due to the medical progress in the past decades, the life expectancy and quality of the physically and/or mentally disabled children have been much improved. While this has facilitated their entry into society, it has also created greater demands on our profession, from those who care for them. A displeasing dental appearance may have a significant emotional impact on an individual's well being and can bias judgments of social acceptability, ability and personality.

[Single-stage implants in areas of maxillary sinuses that were augmented with allograft. Case reports].

Demineralized freezed dried bone allograft (DFDBA) is known as a bone inductive material, and used widely in periodontal and bone regeneration procedures. DFDBA can also be used for sinus floor augmentation prior or with implant placement. The present manuscript described cases of single-stage implants that were used successfully in areas where the maxillary sinus was augmented with DFDBA simultaneously with implant placement (Case 1) or in a second procedure, 18 months following grafting of the sinus (Case 2).

[Lasers in dentistry. Part A--Development, characteristics, structure, principles of operation and types of lasers].

Laser technology is developing very quickly. New Lasers with a wide range of characteristics are available today and are being used in the various fields of dentistry. The search for new devices and technologies for dental procedures was always challenging and in the last two decades much experience and knowledge has been gained.

Immediate repositioning of an accidentally extruded immature premolar after extracting root remnants of the primary molar.

This article describes a case where during an extraction of a primary molar's root remnant, the successor permanent tooth was accidentally extruded. The extruded tooth was immediately repositioned to its right position in the socket and it erupted normally after a short time. After 2 years, a routine clinical examination revealed normal appearance of the premolar in the dental arch.

Community-oriented oral health promotion for infants in Jerusalem: evaluation of a program trial.

Objectives: This study sought to measure the effect of a community health education program on reported infants' bottle-feeding practices and infants' toothbrushing behavior, with or without distribution of toothpaste and toothbrushes.

Methods: In this quasi-experimental comparison group design study conducted in mother and child health centers in Jerusalem, parents of 727 children were surveyed by telephone at baseline and six months later. The cohort of infants was aged 6-12 months at baseline.

Effect of ionic strength on the conformation of myosin subfragment 1-nucleotide complexes.

The effect of ionic strength on the conformation and stability of S1 and S1-nucleotide-phosphate analog complexes in solution was studied. It was found that increasing concentration of KCl enhances the reactivity of Cys(707) (SH1 thiol) and Lys(84) (reactive lysyl residue) and the nucleotide-induced tryptophan fluorescence increment. In contrast, high KCl concentration lowers the structural differences between the intermediate states of ATP hydrolysis in the vicinity of Cys(707), Trp(510) and the active site, possibly by increasing the flexibility of the molecule.

[Preliminary results of short-term follow-up after MIS screw-type implants with rough surface].

The present article describes the preliminary results of a short-term follow up retrospective study of 104 external hex, screw-type MIS implants with rough surface that were consecutively implanted in 34 patients. The implants were followed up between 1 to 3 years. 49 implants were placed in the maxilla and 55 in the mandible.

[Splinting--a review of the literature].

Early evidence for the use of splints can be seen in ancient civilizations, but the concept of Splinting teeth to support and immobilize teeth, by joining several teeth together continues to be a topic of controversy. Splints can be classified based on their purpose and duration of use, the way of fabrication, and the location of the splinted teeth in the jaw. The biomechanical mechanism of splint is related to the mechanism of tooth mobility.

Histomorphometric study of the periodontal vasculature during and after experimental tipping of the rat incisor.

The periodontal vasculature encircling the entire length of the rat lower incisor was studied at the time of tipping movement and 3 months later. In 12 rats (212+/-4 g b.w.

The outcome of teeth with periapical periodontitis treated with nonsurgical endodontic treatment: a computerized morphometric study.

Objectives: This study investigated the prognosis for successful endodontic treatment and the correlation between the size of the periapical lesion, the quality of the root canal treatment, and the type of coronal restoration.

Method And Materials: Periapical radiographs of 319 teeth with periapical periodontitis were studied. The area of each lesion was measured before treatment and 1 to 12 years after completion of the endodontic treatment.

Elevated blood glucose levels in patients with severe periodontal disease.

Background, Aims: The rôle of diabetes mellitus in various forms of periodontal disease was investigated intensively in the past; some studies have also indicated an impact of periodontal inflammation on diabetic balance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reciprocal relationship between abnormal serum glucose levels and elevated CPITN scores in non-diabetic patients.

Material And Methods: 10,590 subjects were analyzed for normal and abnormal (higher than 120 mg/dl) serum glucose levels, their periodontal status reflected as CPITN was correlated with their glucose level category.

Do Cellular Heat Acclimation Responses Modulate Central Thermoregulatory Activity?

The classical concept of heat acclimation is of an autonomically controlled array of integrative physiological processes, improving heat tolerance. New evidence suggests that a temporal interplay between opposing autonomic and peripheral cell-originated responses, switched on by heat and autonomic stimulation of the cell membrane, and a marked increase in the stock of the inducible 70-kDa heat shock protein contribute to widening of the thermoregulatory activity span.

Prosthetic considerations in the restoration of orthodontically treated maxillary lateral incisors to replace missing central incisors: a clinical report.

The treatment of young patients with missing maxillary incisors poses a challenge to prosthodontists and orthodontists. The 2 principal treatment options are (1) the reopening or maintenance of space for future autotransplantation and/or prosthodontic restoration of the missing teeth, or (2) total orthodontic space closure, followed by prosthodontic modification of the lateral incisors to simulate the central incisors. This article discusses only the second option and describes 2 alternative methods for the modification of crown anatomy.

Composite crown-form crowns for severely decayed primary molars: a technique for restoring function and esthetics.

Current developments in esthetic dentistry center around new techniques and materials that improve the ability of the clinician to provide esthetic services. This article describes a step-by-step method of placing composite crown-form crowns on severely decayed primary mandibular molars. The described technique allows for restoring, as close as possible, form and function lost to caries in an esthetic mode in cases of severely decayed primary molars that would have required stainless steel crowns had they been treated traditionally.

Children with baby bottle tooth decay treated under general anesthesia or sedation: behavior in a follow-up visit.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the behaviors of a group of children, who were treated for baby bottle tooth decay (BBTD) under general anesthesia (GA) or under sedation in a dental school environment in a routine follow-up examination, and to assess the dental anxiety levels of the parents. Sixty-five children, who were treated for BBTD in the Pediatric Dentistry clinic of the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine between 1995-1997 under GA (34 children) or sedation (31 children). The parents of these children agreed to attend our clinic for recall examination 13 months post treatment following a telephone conversation.

Cholinsalicylate gel induced oral lesion: report of case.

Salicylic acid and its derivatives are extensively used medications for the treatment of systemic and local diseases. However, injudicious use of aspirin as well as other derivatives of salicylic acid, may cause systemic and oral complications such as mucosal burns and oral ulcers. In children, topical administration of these drugs, even in small dosages, may cause adverse reactions.

Aspiration of an avulsed primary incisor. A case report.

A 7-year-old girl had injured her maxillary primary incisors in a playground. One of the already-mobile incisors had been avulsed. The child who had a cough and breathing difficulties during sleep was diagnosed as suffering from upper respiratory infection and was treated with antibiotics.

The role of hyaluronic acid in protecting surface-active phospholipids from lysis by exogenous phospholipase A(2).

Background: This in vitro study aimed to elucidate the extent and kind of involvement of hyaluronic acid (HA) in the currently accepted view of synovial joint lubrication, in which surface-active phospholipids (SAPL) constitute the main boundary lubricant. The integrity of SAPL is apparently threatened by the lysing activity of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)).

Methods: The effects of increasing concentrations of HA degraded by free radicals and non-degraded HA on the lysing activity of PLA(2) were examined in vitro.

Orthodontic treatment for disabled children--a survey of patient and appliance management.

The objective of this article was to investigate the management problems encountered during the orthodontic treatment of children with disability, and took the form of a retrospective analysis. The investigation took place at the Center for the Treatment of Cranio-facial Disorders, Department of Orthodontics, Hebrew University Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel, between years 1989 and 1997. The subjects were the 37 children with mental and/or physical disability whose orthodontic treatment was either completed or nearly completed, whose parents were given a questionnaire.

Is herpes simplex virus associated with pulp/periapical inflammation?

Objectives: This study focuses on the detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA in dental pulp and inflamed periapical tissue.

Study Design: Dental pulp tissue (vital and necrotic) and periapical tissue samples were collected under strictly sterile conditions and examined for the presence of HSV DNA. Saliva samples were also examined for the presence of the viral DNA.

Mineral trioxide aggregate vs. formocresol in pulpotomized primary molars: a preliminary report.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to that of formocresol (FC) as pulp dressing agents in pulpotomized primary molars with carious pulp exposure.

Methods: Forty-five primary molars of 26 children were treated by a conventional pulpotomy technique. The teeth were randomly assigned to the MTA (experimental) or FC (control) group by a toss of a coin.

Oral health needs of elderly short-term patients in a geriatric department of a general hospital.

The purpose of this study was to estimate the realistic dental needs of an elderly short-stay patient in a geriatric department. One segment of the elderly population at risk for whom surveillance would appear extremely important are those admitted temporarily to the hospital for acute or acute-on-chronic care. Little has been written about the oral needs of such patients.

Bone-like tissue growth in the root canal of immature permanent teeth after traumatic injuries.

Following a severe traumatic incident to permanent immature teeth, the growth of calcified tissue in the pulp space may occasionally occur. This calcified tissue may be diffuse or in intimate contact with the dentine. It has been suggested that a wide open apex, severe damage to the root sheath, and the absence of infection are only some of the predisposing factors leading to this metaplasia of pulp tissue into bone-like tissue.

Profile of an orthodontic patient at risk of dental trauma.

Increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage of the maxillary incisors are considered significant risk factors in many clinical studies. The purpose of the present study was to examine this issue of dental injury by actual cephalometric measurements in orthodontic patients. Pretreatment cephalograms (taken with lips in repose) of consecutive patients were used.

Simultaneous and staged approaches for guided bone regeneration.

Two approaches for obtaining bone augmentation around implants by guided tissue regeneration are described. In the first, bone is regenerated simultaneously with implant placement, which is a time saving tactic. However, when initial stability of the implant cannot be obtained because of insufficient bone volume, a staged approach must be considered.