[INTEGRATING SEX AND GENDER DIFFERENCES/GENDER MEDICINE INTO THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE CURRICULUM].

In recent decades, the recognition of the importance of sex, gender and their interrelationship for health research and for the practice of medicine has grown. Accordingly, the move to include gender medicine in medical school curricula has gained momentum in many countries. This article reviews the challenges of integrating this subject into medical school curricula and details the recent initiative to mainstream gender medicine into the six-year curriculum of the Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical School in Jerusalem, Israel.

Processing of social closeness in the human brain.

Healthy social life requires relationships in different levels of personal closeness. Based on ethological, sociological, and psychological evidence, social networks have been divided into five layers, gradually increasing in size and decreasing in personal closeness. Is this division also reflected in brain processing of social networks? During functional MRI, 21 participants compared their personal closeness to different individuals.

Validation of behavioral measures of social cognition in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia, a complex neuropsychiatric disorder, manifests severe impairments in social cognition, notably in Theory of Mind (ToM), empathy, and emotion recognition, which significantly influence social competence and overall functioning. These aspects are crucial for prognosis in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ). This study validates a comics strip paradigm for ToM and empathy assessment, the Montreal Affective Voices (MAV) for measuring emotion recognition, and a Go-NoGo task for inhibition control estimation in individuals diagnosed with SZ, comparing their performance with healthy controls.

Travelling beyond time: shared brain system for self-projection in the temporal, political and moral domains.

Mental time travel (MTT), a cornerstone of human cognition, enables individuals to mentally project themselves into their past or future. It was shown that this self-projection may extend beyond the temporal domain to the spatial and social domains. What about higher cognitive domains? Twenty-eight participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while self-projecting to different political, moral and temporal perspectives.

[PREVENTING SECONDARY TRAUMATIZATION IN MAGEN DAVID ADOM FIRST RESPONDERS DURING THE IRON SWORDS WAR: AN INTERIM REPORT].

Following the onset of the "Iron Swords" war, Israel's National Emergency Medical Organization Magen David Adom (MDA) implemented a program designed to prevent post-traumatic sequelae among its teams. 'Team debriefing' is at the core of the program, which also includes primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention carried out regularly to preclude psychological harm to employees and volunteers. Apart from the initial team debriefings, MDA's enhanced prevention program includes several other components and stages.

What makes an event significant: an fMRI study on self-defining memories.

Self-defining memories are highly significant personal memories that contribute to an individual's life story and identity. Previous research has identified 4 key subcomponents of self-defining memories: content, affect, specificity, and self-reflection. However, these components were not tested under functional neuroimaging.

Updated Recommendations on the Prevention and Treatment of Infections in Children With Asplenia/Hyposplenism.

Children with congenital or acquired asplenia or hyposplenism have an increased risk for severe and even life-threatening infections mainly due to encapsulated bacteria. Current practice focuses on preventing severe infections with timely administration of vaccinations, antibacterial prophylaxis when indicated, and urgent evaluation and treatment of febrile events. As new vaccines are now available for both children and adults with asplenia/hyposplenism, we present an up-to-date recommendation on the prevention and management of acute infections in children with asplenia/hyposplenism.

Sustained insulin treatment restoring metabolic status, body weight, and cognition in an anorexia nervosa-like animal model in mice.

Introduction: Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a psycho-socio-biological disease characterized by severe weight loss as result of dieting and hyperactivity. Effective treatments are scarce, despite its significant prevalence and mortality. AN patients show lower basal insulin levels and increased metabolic clearance, leading to weight loss, cognitive deficits, and hormonal imbalances.

Evidence for grid-cell-like activity in the time domain.

The relation between the processing of space and time in the brain has been an enduring cross-disciplinary question. Grid cells have been recognized as a hallmark of the mammalian navigation system, with recent studies attesting to their involvement in the organization of conceptual knowledge in humans. To determine whether grid-cell-like representations support temporal processing, we asked subjects to mentally simulate changes in age and time-of-day, each constituting "trajectory" in an age-day space, while undergoing fMRI.

Lost in space(s): Multimodal neuroimaging of disorientation along the Alzheimer's disease continuum.

Orientation is a fundamental cognitive faculty and the bedrock of the neurologic examination. Orientation is defined as the alignment between an individual's internal representation and the external world in the spatial, temporal, and social domains. While spatial disorientation is a recognized hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), little is known about disorientation beyond space in AD.

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Children, Current Treatment Approach.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare and locally aggressive form of childhood cancer. Treatment of pediatric NPC includes chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Most studies on the treatment of pediatric NPC are single-arm studies.

Tuned to Tremor: Increased Sensitivity of Cortico-Basal Ganglia Neurons to Tremor Frequency in the MPTP Nonhuman Primate Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Rest tremor is one of the most prominent clinical features of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we hypothesized that cortico-basal ganglia neurons tend to fire in a pattern that matches PD tremor frequency, suggesting a resonance phenomenon. We recorded spiking activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) and globus pallidus external segment of 2 female nonhuman primates, before and after parkinsonian state induction with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.

Challenges in Implementing Guideline on Integrative Oncology and Pain: The Israeli Perspective.

Context And Objectives: To explore the feasibility of implementing the joint guideline on integrative medicine for pain management in oncology, published by the Society for Integrative Oncology (SIO) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), for integrative oncology (IO) services in supportive and palliative care.

Methods: A qualitative research methodology was co-designed by the SIO-ASCO guideline committee, with the Society for Complementary Medicine, Israel Medical Association (IMA). A questionnaire with five open-ended questions exploring barriers and enablers to implementing the guideline was distributed to chairs and board members of nine IMA-affiliated medical societies; four deans of Israeli medical schools; and nurses from the Israeli Society for Oncology Nursing.

Disparities in occupational health services: an international comparative study.

Background: Occupational Health Services (OHS) are comprehensive, multidisciplinary services supplied by various trained workers, including occupational physicians (OP), whose specialty is focused on workers' health.

Aims: Our study questions are whether the OP/worker ratio may reflect the scope and availability of OHS.

Methods: This comparative study, conducted on globally different OHS, was based on literature analysis of peer-reviewed articles published in journals covering topics of occupational medicine and public health that addressed parameters on the type and scope of OHS provision.

Novel N-Acylethanolamide Derivatives Affect Body Weight and Energy Balance.

Introduction - The obesity pandemic is multifactorial. Nutritional, pharmacologic and surgical interventions are limited in reach and efficacy, raising need for new therapeutics. Aims - Characterization of anorexigenic and cognitive effect and central mechanism of action of novel N-acylethanolamide derivatives.

Codivir suppresses SARS-Cov-2 viral replication and stabilizes clinical outcome: In vitro and Phase I clinical trial results.

Background: Treatment of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a significant challenge in the face of increased worldwide morbidity and mortality. The acute illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 is initiated by a viral phase, followed by an inflammatory phase. Numerous anti-inflammatory and anti-viral therapies, with a relatively minor clinical effect, have been applied.

Lost in space(s): multimodal neuroimaging of disorientation along the Alzheimer's disease continuum.

Orientation is a fundamental cognitive faculty, allowing the behaving self to link his/her current state to their internal representations of the external world. Once exclusively linked to knowledge of the current place and present time, in recent years, the concept of orientation has evolved to include processing of social, temporal, and abstract relations. Concordantly with the growing focus on orientation, spatial disorientation has been increasingly recognized as a hallmark symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Consciousness, Memory, and the Human Self: Commentary on "Consciousness as a Memory System" by Budson et al (2022).

Philosophical theories have attempted to shed light on the intricate relationships between consciousness and memory since long before this became a major theme in psychology and neuroscience. In the December 2022 issue of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology , Budson, Richman, and Kensinger (2022) introduced a comprehensive theoretical framework pertaining to the origins of consciousness in relation to the memory system, its implications on our real-time perception of the world, and the neuroanatomical correlates underlying these phenomena. Throughout their paper, Budson et al (2022) focus on their theory's explanatory value regarding several clinical syndromes and experimental findings.

A case of primary infertility and a patient with ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts are the main treatment modality for patients with hydrocephalus. The complications arising in patients with VP shunts are well documented. We present a case of infertility in a patient with a long-standing VP shunt.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Visual Impairment in Patients with Angioid Streaks and Macular Neovascularization.

Objective: To estimate the incidence and risk factors of visual impairment and complications in eyes with macular neovascularization (MNV) because of angioid streaks (ASs).

Design: Longitudinal multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Subjects: Patients with AS-associated MNV treated with anti-VEGF agents and a follow-up of > 3 months.

Methionine aminopeptidase 2 as a potential target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is an aggressive metastatic cancer with a very low survival rate. This tumor is hypovascularized and characterized by severe hypoxic regions, yet these regions are not impeded by the oxidative stress in their microenvironment. PDA's high resilience raises the need to find new effective therapeutic targets.