Rhombencephalitis and longitudinal extensive myelitis associated with dinutuximab use in high-risk neuroblastoma.

Background: Dinutuximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the GD2 antigen used in the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma. Dinutuximab-associated rhombencephalitis and myelitis is a rare, steroid-responsive, serious, but reversible pathology. To date, three transverse myelitis cases and one rhombencephalitis case due to dinutuximab have already been reported.

A multiparametric score for assessing the individual risk of severe Covid-19 among patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Many risk factors for the development of severe forms of Covid-19 have been identified, some applying to the general population and others specific to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. However, a score for quantifying the individual risk of severe Covid-19 in patients with MS is not available. The aim of this study was to construct such score and to evaluate its performance.

Imaging findings of gastrointestinal tract tumors in children and adolescents.

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract tumors are rarely seen in children and adolescents, and can easily be misdiagnosed. Lymphoma is the most frequent GI tract tumor, and the common locations are ileum and ileocecal area. GI tract tumors may present as large heterogeneous mass lesions.

The Turkish experience of COVID-19 infection in people with NMOSD and MOGAD: A milder course?

Background: COVID-19 is a multisystemic infection with variables consequences depending on individual and comorbid conditions. The course and outcomes of COVID-19 during neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders (MOGAD) are not clearly known.

Objective/methods: The aim of this study was to examine the features and outcomes of COVID-19 infection in NMOSD and MOGAD patients.

Allergic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic-Clinical practical considerations: An European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected health care systems unexpectedly. However, data focusing on practical considerations experienced by health care professionals (HCPs) providing care to allergic patients is scarce.

Methods: Under the framework of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), a panel of experts in the field of immunotherapy developed a 42-question online survey, to evaluate real-life consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in allergy practice.

Imaging findings of primary adrenal tumors in pediatric patients.

Apart from neuroblastomas, adrenal tumors are rarely seen in children. The most common adrenal tumors are adrenocortical carcinoma and pheochromocytoma. Adrenocortical carcinoma is usually a large heterogeneous, well-marginated mass with solid/cystic areas and calcifications, with poor prognosis.

Percutaneous management of complicated parapneumonic effusion and empyema after surgical tube thoracostomy failure in children: a retrospective study.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the results of percutaneous management of complicated parapneumonic effusions (PPE) and empyema after surgical tube thoracostomy failure in children.

Methods: A total of 84 children treated percutaneously after surgical tube thoracostomy failure between 2004 and 2019 were included to this retrospective study. Technical success was defined as appropriate placement of the drainage catheter.

The outcome of a national MS-Covid-19 study: What the Turkish MS cohort reveals?

Background: The pandemic of the new type of corona virus infection 2019 [Covid-19] also affect people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). Currently, the accumulating information on the effects of the infection regarding the demographic and clinical characteristics of the disease, as well as outcomes within different DMTs¸ enable us to have better practices on the management of the Covid-19 infection in pwMS.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) and to reveal the relationship between the demographic-clinical and therapeutic features and the outcome of Covid-19 infection in a multi-center national cohort of pwMS.

Common ostium of inferior pulmonary veins: An extremely rare variant described by preprocedural computerized tomography angiography.

The common ostium of left and right inferior PVs is an extremely rare variant which was only reported in 16 cases undergoing catheter ablation. Thus, electrophysiologists should be careful about such an exremely rare PV variants for the safety and efficacy of ablation. Pre-procedural CTA is a valuable tool to decide on the ablation strategy in patients with such a very rare PV anomaly.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography via a permanent access loop.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the indications, technical and clinical success, and complications of the endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) via a permanent access loop (PAL).

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients who underwent ERC through PAL between 2009 and 2017 were included in this study. The technical success was described as achieving access to the bile ducts through PAL and the clinical success was described as the clinical and laboratory improvement of the patients after the procedure.

Imaging liver nodules in tyrosinemia type-1: A retrospective review of 16 cases in a tertiary pediatric hospital.

Objective: To describe the liver imaging findings of Hereditary tyrosinemia type-1 (HT1) patients.

Materials And Methods: We report 16 patients (8 Female and 8 Male) with HT-1. Their demographic features, imaging findings and alpha feto protein (AFP) levels were recorded.

Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with less risk of complications after the removal of common bile duct stones by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Background/aims: Several studies recommend prompt laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for choledocholithiasis. However, histopathological alterations in the gallbladder during this time interval and the role played by ERCP in causing these changes have not been sufficiently elucidated. To compare early period LCs with delayed LCs following common bile duct stone extraction via ERCP with regard to operation time, hospitalization period, conversion to open cholecystectomy rate, morbidity, mortality, and histopathological alterations in the gallbladder wall.

Invisible fat on CT: making it visible by MRI.

Presence of fat in a lesion significantly narrows the differential diagnosis. Small quantities of macroscopic fat and intracellular fat are invisible on computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reveal any fatty change in a lesion and can also differentiate macroscopic fat from intracellular and intravoxel fat.

Microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Microvascular invasion is a crucial histopathologic prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. We reviewed the literature and aimed to draw attention to clinicopathologic and imaging findings that may predict the presence of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Imaging findings suggesting microvascular invasion are disruption of capsule, irregular tumor margin, peritumoral enhancement, multifocal tumor, increased tumor size, and increased glucose metabolism on positron emission tomography-computed tomography.

Effects of intra-abdominal pressure on adrenal gland function and morphology in rats.

Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome (IAH/ACS) are life-threatening conditions and caused by several clinical status. Although there is insufficient data regarding its effects on adrenal glands. This study aimed to identify whether elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) caused any alteration on the morphology and function of adrenal glands in a rat model.

Serum endocan levels in patients with chronic liver disease.

Background And Aim: Early detection of fibrosis should be the main goal of treatment in liver cirrhosis. Endocan, previously called endothelial cell specific molecule-1, is expressed by endothelial cells, primarily in the lung, liver and kidney. In this study, we aimed to examine the correlation of liver fibrosis stage, histological activity and grade of steatosis between serum levels of endocan in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Acute Budd-Chiari syndrome resulting from a pyogenic liver abscess.

Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare condition resulting from outflow obstruction of the liver. This syndrome due to a pyogenic abscess is rarely documented in the English literature. Here a male patient with acute Budd Chiari syndrome is presented.

Survival and prognostic factors in patients with synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancers and endometrial cancers metastatic to the ovaries.

Purpose: To compare the survival and prognostic factors of patients with synchronous primary ovarian and endometrial cancers, and endometrial cancers metastatic to the ovaries.

Patients And Methods: Fifty-three patients with synchronous primary ovarian and endometrial cancer and 64 patients with endometrial cancer metastatic to the ovaries were evaluated.

Results: Mean follow-up time was 47.

Histopathological predictors of occult lymph node metastases in supraglottic squamous cell carcinomas.

Lymph node metastasis appears to be the most important factor determining survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Supraglottic laryngeal carcinomas have a known tendency to metastasize to cervical lymph nodes because of the extensive lymphatic network present. This retrospective cohort study was conducted to define possible histopathological parameters affecting cervical lymph node metastasis and then using these parameters to create a scale to predict occult lymph node metastasis in supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma.

Prolactin secreting pituitary adenomas: analysis of 429 surgically treated patients, effect of adjuvant treatment modalities and review of the literature.

Objective: We performed this retrospective analysis to determine the efficacy of surgery and radiotherapy over hormonal and volumetric control of prolactinomas, many of which had failed during dopa-agonist therapy. In the same analysis, the efficiency of topical bromocriptine application as a preliminary study was compared with standard treatment modalities.

Materials And Methods: Between 1982-1997, 429 prolactinoma patients who underwent surgery at Hacettepe University Neurosurgery Department and at Bayindir Medical Center were included in this study.

Agenesis of the corpus callosum in a child with Leber's congenital amaurosis.

A 2.5-year-old male infant with agenesis of the corpus callosum and Leber's congenital amaurosis is described. The infant had nystagmus as the presenting sign.

A comparison of chemoembolization with conventional chemotherapy and symptomatic treatment in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background/aims: The results of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in 28 cirrhotic patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were compared to those obtained in 15 cirrhotic patients with HCC treated with systemic chemotherapy, and 14 patients with HCC receiving no specific anti-cancer treatment.

Materials And Methods: From November, 1986 through May 1994, 235 patients with HCC were seen by the investigators. Twenty eight of these patients actually received TACE.