Hearing and cognitive scores measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale in The HUNT Study, Norway.

Introduction: Hearing impairment is associated with dementia. We aimed to clarify the association between hearing impairment and future cognitive test performance measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), adjusted for confounders, avoiding reverse causation through long follow-up.

Methods: We used the Norwegian population-based longitudinal cohort study, The Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT).

Occupation and 11-year lung function decline in the HUNT Study.

Background: The association between occupational titles and lung function has mostly been examined through cross-sectional studies. Preventive measures are expected to mitigate adverse effects; hence, updated estimates are necessary.

Aims: To study change in lung function measured by spirometry across occupations.

Is there an association between birth characteristics and fractures in young adults? The HUNT Study, Norway.

Unlabelled: This population study investigated the association between birth characteristics and fracture risk in 11,099 young adults (aged 19-54 years). Our findings indicate that birth weight, gestational age, and birth weight for gestational age were not associated with fractures in the wrist, humerus, hip, and spine in this population.

Purpose: Skeletal development starts during fetal life, and it is estimated that most bone formation occurs in the 3rd trimester.

Multi-ancestry GWAS of severe pregnancy nausea and vomiting identifies risk loci associated with appetite, insulin signaling, and brain plasticity.

While most pregnancies are affected by nausea and vomiting, hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is at the severe end of the clinical spectrum and is associated with dehydration, undernutrition, and adverse maternal, fetal, and child outcomes. Herein we performed a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) of severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy of 10,974 cases and 461,461 controls across European, Asian, African, and Latino ancestries. We identified ten significantly associated loci, of which six were novel (, , , , , and , and confirmed previous genome-wide significant associations with risk genes , , , and .

Investigating the causal effects of childhood and adulthood adiposity on later life mental health outcome: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Obesity particularly during childhood is considered a global public health crisis and has been linked with later life health consequences including mental health. However, there is lack of causal understanding if childhood body size has a direct effect on mental health or has an indirect effect after accounting for adulthood body size.

Methods: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed to estimate the total effect and direct effect (accounting for adulthood body size) of childhood body size on anxiety and depression.

Telomere length in relation to fecundability and use of assisted reproductive technologies: the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study.

Background: Telomere length (TL) has been reported to be associated with conditions such as endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome, with some studies finding associations with shorter TL and others with longer TL. In men, studies mostly report associations between shorter TL and sperm quality. To our knowledge, no studies have thus far investigated associations between TL and fecundability or the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART).

Preterm birth in assisted reproduction: the mediating role of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

Study Question: To what extent can hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) explain the higher risk of preterm birth following frozen embryo transfer (frozen-ET) and fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET) in ART compared with naturally conceived pregnancies?

Summary Answer: HDP did not contribute to the higher risk of preterm birth in pregnancies after fresh-ET but mediated 20.7% of the association between frozen-ET and preterm birth.

What Is Known Already: Risk of preterm birth is higher after ART compared to natural conception.

Associations between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors according to age and sex.

Context: Subclinical thyroid dysfunction (ScTD) comprising subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events.

Objective: To assess associations between ScTD and cardiovascular risk factors (cvRFs) according to age and sex.

Design And Setting: Pooled individual participant data analysis of large prospective cohort studies from the Thyroid Studies Collaboration.

Multi-ancestry GWAS of severe pregnancy nausea and vomiting identifies risk loci associated with appetite, insulin signaling, and brain plasticity.

While most pregnancies are affected by nausea and vomiting, hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is at the severe end of the clinical spectrum and is associated with dehydration, undernutrition, and adverse maternal, fetal, and child outcomes. Herein we performed a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) of severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy of 10,974 cases and 461,461 controls across European, Asian, African, and Latino ancestries. We identified ten significantly associated loci, of which six were novel (, , , , , and , and confirmed previous genome-wide significant associations with risk genes , , , and .

Exploring the Link Between Physical Activity, Sports Participation, and Loneliness in Adolescents Before and Into the COVID-19 Pandemic: The HUNT Study, Norway.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic's effects on adolescents' physical activity, sports involvement, and feelings of loneliness remain inadequately understood. This study aimed to explore the shifts in leisure-time physical activity, sports participation, and loneliness among adolescents before and during the pandemic, positing that the pandemic has led to decreased physical activity and sports engagement, as well as heightened loneliness, where more active adolescents experience lower loneliness levels. This study included a prior four-year follow-up cohort from the same region two decades earlier to explore the existence of typical longitudinal aging effects in a cohort not affected by the pandemic.

Small-RNA sequencing reveals potential serum biomarkers for gallbladder cancer: Results from a three-stage collaborative study of large European prospective cohorts.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive disease with limited treatment options but high prevention potential. GBC tumours take 10-20 years to develop, a timeframe that holds potential for early detection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a central role in abnormal cell processes, and circulating miRNAs may constitute valuable biomarkers of early disease.

Device-Measured 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Blood Pressure: A 6-Part Compositional Individual Participant Data Analysis in the ProPASS Consortium.

Background: Blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of structured exercise are well-established. Effects of 24-hour movement behaviors captured in free-living settings have received less attention. This cross-sectional study investigated associations between a 24-hour behavior composition comprising 6 parts (sleeping, sedentary behavior, standing, slow walking, fast walking, and combined exercise-like activity [eg, running and cycling]) and systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP).

Polygenic Interactions With Environmental Exposures in Blood Pressure Regulation: The HUNT Study.

Background: The essential hypertension phenotype results from an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The influence of lifestyle exposures such as excess adiposity, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, diet, and activity patterns on blood pressure (BP) is well established. Additionally, polygenic risk scores for BP traits are associated with clinically significant phenotypic variation.

Self-reported health, function, and use of health care services in older prostate cancer survivors compared to matched controls: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Information about outcomes of particular relevance to older prostate cancer survivors is limited. This study aimed to compare health, activities of daily living (ADL), and use of health care services between survivors and matched controls.

Methods: A single-centre study on men treated for prostate cancer with curative intent at the age ≥ 70 years 2 to 7 years earlier.

Levels and trends of persistent organic pollutants in human populations living in the Arctic.

The Arctic Monitoring Assessment Program (AMAP) is tasked with monitoring and assessing the status of environmental contaminants in the Arctic, documenting levels and trends, and producing science-based assessments. The objectives of this paper are to present the current levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) across the Arctic, and to identify trends and knowledge gaps as detailed in the most recent AMAP Human Health Assessment Report. Many Arctic populations continue to have elevated levels of these contaminants, and the highest levels of POPs were observed in populations from Greenland, Faroe Islands, and Nunavik (Canada), as well as populations in the coastal Chukotka district (Russia) for legacy POPs only.

Trends in Norwegian adolescents' substance use between 2014 and 2022: socioeconomic and gender differences.

Background: Substance use is a global health concern and early onset among adolescents increases health risks. We explore national overall trends in prevalence and trends in socioeconomic inequalities in past year alcohol intoxication, cannabis use, and use of other illicit drugs among Norwegian adolescents (ages ∼ 15-19 years of age) between 2014 and 2022.

Method: The present study builds on data from a nationwide repeated cross-sectional survey collected in 2014-2016 (T1), 2017-2019 (T2), 2021 (T3) and 2022 (T4).