1,076 results match your criteria: "HUN-REN Rényi Institute[Affiliation]"
Glob Chang Biol
January 2025
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeroscience
January 2025
Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Aging remains the foremost risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, surpassing traditional factors in epidemiological significance. This review elucidates the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying vascular aging, with an emphasis on sex differences that influence disease progression and clinical outcomes in older adults. We discuss the convergence of aging processes at the macro- and microvascular levels and their contributions to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
In this study, we analyzed the potential associations of selected laboratory and anamnestic parameters, as well as 12 genetic polymorphisms (SNPs), with clinical COVID-19 occurrence and severity in 869 hospitalized patients. The SNPs analyzed by qPCR were selected based on population-wide genetic (GWAS) data previously indicating association with the severity of COVID-19, and additional SNPs that have been shown to be important in cellular processes were also examined. We confirmed the associations of COVID-19 with pre-existing diabetes and found an unexpected association between less severe disease and the loss of smell and taste.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
The emergence of a local effective theory from a more fundamental theory of quantum gravity with seemingly fewer degrees of freedom is a major puzzle of theoretical physics. A recent approach to this problem is to consider general features of the Hilbert space maps relating these theories. In this work, we construct approximately local observables, or overlapping qubits, from such non-isometric maps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany.
The GPCR autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain is an ancient protein fold ubiquitous in adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCR). It contains a tethered agonist necessary and sufficient for receptor activation. The GAIN domain is a hotspot for pathological mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
Silicon integrated circuits (ICs) are central to the next-generation miniature active neural implants, whether packaged in soft polymers for flexible bioelectronics or implanted as bare die for neural probes. These emerging applications bring the IC closer to the corrosive body environment, raising reliability concerns, particularly for chronic use. Here, we evaluate the inherent hermeticity of bare die ICs, and examine the potential of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a moisture-permeable elastomer, as a standalone encapsulation material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
January 2025
Laboratory of Reproductive Neurobiology, Hun-Ren Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, 1083 Hungary;
While hypothalamic kisspeptin (KP) neurons play well-established roles in the estrogen-dependent regulation of reproduction, little is known about extrahypothalamic KP-producing (KP) neurons of the lateral septum. As established previously, expression in this region is low and regulated by estrogen receptor- and GABA receptor-dependent mechanisms. Our present experiments on knock-in mice revealed that transgene expression in the LS begins at P33-36 in females and P40-45 in males and is stimulated by estrogen receptor signaling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
January 2025
Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary.
During the experimental formation of sol-gel coatings, the colloid dispersions go through a drying process, and the structure of the coatings is formed as a result of complex chemical, colloidal, and capillary interactions. While computer simulations provide guidelines to tune and even design the nanomaterials synthesis, simulations of coating structure formation are hitherto unknown in the literature. Based on real experiments, we establish here a ReaxFF reactive force field-based molecular dynamics simulation protocol in order to investigate and determine the role of the experimental conditions on the pore structure formation in the coatings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
December 2024
HUN-REN Institute of Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, Fehérvári út 132-144, 1114, Budapest, Hungary.
Understanding the comprehensive impacts of environmental factors on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) in different land use types is of great significance for sustainable soil management. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and structural equation modelling were applied to reveal the driving mechanism of SOC, SIC and the ratio between SOC to SIC (SOC/SIC) in three major land use types (forest, grassland and farmland) in a forest-grassland ecotone (FGE) of Inner Mongolia, Northeast China. Mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual temperature (MAP) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) were selected by LASSO as the three most important environmental factors affecting SOC, SIC and SOC/SIC in all land use types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
MTA-DE "Momentum" Ecology, Evolution & Developmental Biology Research Group, Dept. of Evolutionary Zoology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
The objective to study the influence of microbiome on host fitness is frequently constrained by spatial and temporal variability of microbial communities. In particular, the environment serves as a dynamic reservoir of microbes that provides potential colonizers for animal microbiomes. In this study, we analyzed the microbiome of Hydra oligactis and corresponding water samples from 15 Hungarian lakes to reveal the contribution of environmental microbiota on host microbiome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
The European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) is a wide-ranging, long-living freshwater species with low reproductive success, mainly due to high predation pressure. We studied how habitat variables and predator communities in near-natural marshes affect the survival of turtle eggs and hatchlings. We followed the survival of artificial turtle nests placed in marshes along Lake Balaton (Hungary) in May and June as well as hatchlings (dummies) exposed in September.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
December 2024
Laboratory of Reproductive Neurobiology, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, 1083 Hungary. Electronic address:
We developed a versatile 'IHC/LCM-Seq' method for spatial transcriptomics of immunohistochemically detected neurons collected with laser-capture microdissection (LCM). IHC/LCM-Seq uses aluminon and polyvinyl sulfonic acid for inventive RNA-preserving strategies to maintain RNA integrity in free-floating sections of 4% formaldehyde-fixed brains. To validate IHC/LCM-Seq, we first immunostained and harvested striatal cholinergic interneurons with LCM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpace Sci Rev
December 2024
Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstraße 6, Graz, 8042 Austria.
Plasma flows with enhanced dynamic pressure, known as magnetosheath jets, are often found downstream of collisionless shocks. As they propagate through the magnetosheath, they interact with the surrounding plasma, shaping its properties, and potentially becoming geoeffective upon reaching the magnetopause. In recent years (since 2016), new research has produced vital results that have significantly enhanced our understanding on many aspects of jets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Energy Mater
December 2024
Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest H-1111, Hungary.
Amphiphilic copolymers of comb-like poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (PPEGMA) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) synthesized by one-pot atom transfer radical polymerization were mixed with lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salt to formulate dry solid polymer electrolytes (DSPE) for semisolid-state Li-ion battery applications. The PEO-type side chain length (EO monomer's number) in the PEGMA macromonomer units was varied, and its influence on the mechanical and electrochemical characteristics was investigated. It was found that the copolymers, due to the presence of PMMA segments, possess viscoelastic behavior and less change in mechanical properties than a PEO homopolymer with 100 kDa molecular weight in the investigated temperature range.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Research Group for Implantable Microsystems, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Práter utca 50/a, Budapest, 1083, Hungary.
Infrared neural stimulation has consistently shown that temperature is a critical neuronal state variable. However, a comprehensive understanding of the biophysical background is essential. In this study, using high-density laminar electrode recordings, we investigated the impact of pulsed and continuous-wave infrared illumination on cortical neurons in anesthetized rats ([Formula: see text]).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, HUN-REN, Budapest, Hungary.
Plant viruses have evolved different viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) to counteract RNA silencing which is a small RNA-mediated sequence-specific RNA degradation mechanism. Previous studies have already shown that the coat protein (CP) of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) reduced RNA silencing suppression (RSS) activity of the VSR of CMV, the 2b protein. To demonstrate the universality of this CP-VSR interference, our study included three different viruses: CMV and peanut stunt virus (PSV) from the Bromoviridae, and plum pox virus (PPV) from the Potyviridae family.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fungi (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
J Funct Biomater
December 2024
Division of Immunology and Microbiology, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 1, Ilia Tchavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia.
The rapid progress in nanotechnology has introduced multifunctional iron oxide nanoparticles as promising agents in cancer treatment. This research focused on the synthesis and assessment of citric-acid-coated, folic-acid-conjugated nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin, evaluating their therapeutic potential in tumor models. An advanced automated continuous technology line (CTL) utilizing a controlled co-precipitation method was employed to produce highly dispersive, multifunctional nanofluids with a narrow size distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistryOpen
December 2024
MTA TTK Lendület Artificial Transporter Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Center for Natural Sciences, H-1117, Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Hungary.
Novel tetrahydroisoquinoline and piperidine derivatives were selectively synthesized from substituted indenes or cyclopentenes. The process starts with an oxidative cleavage of the ring olefin bond, which gives reactive diformyl intermediates. By a ring-closing step using chiral (R) or (S) α-methylbenzylamine under a reductive amination protocol facilitated ring formation with ring expansion of the corresponding nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sleep Res
December 2024
Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Traditionally categorized as a uniform sleep phase, rapid eye movement sleep exhibits substantial heterogeneity with its phasic and tonic constituents showing marked differences regarding many characteristics. Here, we investigate how tonic and phasic states differ with respect to aperiodic neural activity, a marker of arousal and sleep. Rapid eye movement sleep heterogeneity was assessed using either binary phasic-tonic (n = 97) or continuous (in 60/97 participants) approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheor Appl Genet
December 2024
Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary.
GBS read coverage analysis identified a Robertsonian chromosome from two Thinopyrum subgenomes in wheat, conferring leaf and stripe rust resistance, drought tolerance, and maintaining yield stability. Agropyron glael (GLAEL), a Thinopyrum intermedium × Th. ponticum hybrid, serves as a valuable genetic resource for wheat improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
December 2024
Organocatalysis Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.
The partial reduction of esters to aldehydes is a fundamentally important transformation for the synthesis of numerous fine chemicals and consumer goods. However, despite the many efforts, limitations have persisted, such as competing overreduction, low reproducibility, use of exigent reaction conditions and hazardous chemicals. Here, we report a novel catalyst family with a unique steric design which promotes the catalytic partial reduction of esters with unprecedented, near-perfect selectivity and efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Brain Mapp
December 2024
Brain Imaging Centre, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
Age-related atrophy of the human hippocampus and the enthorinal cortex starts accelerating at around age 60. Due to the contributions of these regions to many cognitive functions seamlessly used in everyday life, this can heavily impact the lives of elderly people. The hippocampus is not a unitary structure, and mechanisms of its age-related decline appear to differentially affect its subfields.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEClinicalMedicine
September 2024
Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Background: Even patients with normal computed tomography (CT) head imaging may experience persistent symptoms for months to years after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). There is currently no good way to predict recovery and triage patients who may benefit from early follow-up and targeted intervention. We aimed to assess if existing prognostic models can be improved by serum biomarkers or diffusion tensor imaging metrics (DTI) from MRI, and if serum biomarkers can identify patients for DTI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPublic Opin Q
October 2024
Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Central European University, Vienna, Austria; and Senior Research Fellow, HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
There is a growing worry about the health of American democracy, and political scientists and pundits alike are looking for possible explanations. Surveys conducted during the Trump presidency showed considerable citizen support for liberal democratic norm erosions, especially among Republicans. However, recent experimental research also shows that voters of both parties are more tolerant of norm erosion committed by politicians of the party they prefer.
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