Therapeutic Effectiveness of Interferon-α2b against COVID-19 with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: The Ukrainian Experience.

Despite several targeted antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 currently being available, the application of type I interferons (IFNs) still deserves attention as an alternative antiviral strategy. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effectiveness of IFN-α in hospitalized patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia. The prospective cohort study included 130 adult patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Morphological prediction of lethal outcomes in the evaluation of lung tissue structural changes in patients on respiratory support with СOVID-19: Ukrainian experience.

The impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on lung tissue in patients on respiratory support is of significant scientific interest in predicting mortality. This study aimed to analyze post-mortem histological changes in the lung tissue of COVID-19 patients on respiratory support using vital radiology semiotics. A total of 41 autopsies were performed on patients who died of SARS-CoV-2 and had confirmed COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and radiological evidence of lung tissue consolidation and ground glass opacity.

THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE PANCREAS AND LIVER IN CHRONIC PANCREATITIS IN COMBINATION WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS C DEPENDING ON THE INDEX OF THE SURVEY ACCORDING TO THE INTERNATIONAL CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE.

Objective: The aim: To conduct a comparative analysis of parameters of the structural and functional state of the liver and pancreas in patients with chronic pancreatitis in comorbidity with treated etiologically chronic viral hepatitis C, depending on the results of testing according to the international CAGE questionnaire.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: 100 ambulatory patients with CP with concomitant HCV, treated etiotropically, were examined. All patients were examined ac-cording to generally accepted algorithms.

Skin-to-skin contact-An effective intervention on pain and stress reduction in preterm infants.

Introduction: The outcomes of pain and stress in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) compel the continued search for pain- and stress-reducing interventions.

The Objective Of The Study: To investigate how skin-to-skin contact (SSC) influences chronic pain and stress in preterm infants in the NICU.

Materials And Methods: The study included 140 preterm infants in the NICU with gestational age less than 34 weeks.

LETHALITY ANALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION. ADVERSE FACTORS AND POSSIBLE WAYS TO ELIMINATE THEM.

Objective: The aim: To determine obstruction factors that can lead to lethal consequences for patients with acute small intestine in order to develop possible directions for their prevention.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: During the retrospective analysis of 30 patients with acute small bowel obstruction, the causes and contributing factors of mortality were determined.

Results: Results: The cause of mortality in the $rst three days of the postoperative period was the progression of the phenomena of intoxication, which led to the appearance of the syndrome of enteric insu%ciency and the development of multiple organ dysfunction.

RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CANCER PATHOLOGY.

Objective: The aim of the study is comparative assessment of the main risks of the global burden of cancer in the total burden of death.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A comparative assessment of the main risks of the global burden of cancer within the overall burden of deaths was carried out based on the data of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD), data from the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine. The methods of comparative analysis, systematic approach and system analysis, bibliosemantic and medical-statistical methods were used.

THE PECULIARITIES OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE HEART OF THE CASTRATED RATS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADRENALIN DAMAGE OF HEART.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the state of oxidation processes and morphological changes in the heart of castrated rats during the development of epinephrine heart damage (EHD).

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods. The study was performed on 120 white male Wistar rats.

Traditional Chinese Medicine as the Preventive and Therapeutic Remedy for COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic still has tremendous impacts on the global socio-economy and quality of living. The traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) approach showed encouraging results during previous outbreaks of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). With limited treatment availability, TCM herbs and formulations could be useful to reduce COVID-19 symptoms and potential sources for discovering novel therapeutic targets.

Overlapping clinical features of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Introduction: Differential diagnosis of the systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) is often complicated, because of the variability in clinical presentation and the absence of specific signs.

Material And Methods: The PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases from the years 2013-2022 were analysed for full articles in English and the following key words were used: "juvenile idiopathic arthritis" and "MIS-C"; "juvenile idiopathic arthritis" and "Kawasaki disease". As an example of the problem the case description of a 3-year-old patient is presented.

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Target B Lymphocytes.

Autoimmune disorders and some types of blood cancer originate when B lymphocytes malfunction. In particular, when B cells produce antibodies recognizing the body's proteins, it leads to various autoimmune disorders. Additionally, when B cells of various developmental stages transform into cancer cells, it results in blood cancers, including multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia.

FEATURES OF MORPHOGENESIS OF THE BONES OF THE HUMAN ORBIT.

Objective: The aim: To find out the sources of origin, the chronology of ossification, the peculiarities of age-related topographical and anatomical changes in the bones of the human orbit.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The research was carried out on the specimens of 18 human embryos and prefetuses aged from 4th to 12th weeks of intrauterine development and 12 human fetuses aged from 4th to 9th months which were studied by microscopic examination and 3D reconstruction.

Results: Results: The first signs of osteogenesis around the main nervous and visceral contents of the orbit rudiment are observed in 6-week-old embryos in the form of seven cartilaginous bone models.

INFLUENCE OF CRYOTHERAPY WITH PULSE COMPRESSION ON THE FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF THE KNEE JOINT AFTER PARTIAL MENISCECTOMY.

Objective: The aim: To study the effect of cryotherapy with adjustable pulse compression in patients after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy on the functional state of the knee joint in the early period of rehabilitation.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A total of 63 patients took part in the research: the experimental group included 32 patients (23 men and 9 women), and the control group - 31 patients (21 men and 10 women). In order to determine the effect on the functional state of the knee joint after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy in the experimental group, cryotherapy with adjustable pulse compression was used with the help of «GIOCO CRYO - 2» system; ice bags were used in the control group.

EXPERIMENTAL GESTATIONAL DIABETES DISRUPTS THE FORMATION OF IMMUNE TOLERANCE IN OFFSPRING.

Objective: The aim: To analyze the mRNA gene expression level of Aire, Deaf1, Foxp3, Ctla4, Il10, Nlrp3 and distribution of NLRP3+-cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of the offspring of rats with GD, both untreated and treated with glibenclamide and in conditions of insulin oral tolerance formation.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The study involves 160 male rats, one- or six-month-old. The mRNA genes expression was studied by real time quantitative poly¬merase chain reaction.

FEATURES OF FORMING SELF-EDUCATIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE DOCTORS.

Objective: The aim: To analyse the self-educational competence formation for future doctors in higher education institutions. The process has to be analyzed from the presence of motives regarding the educational activity of the individual to personal need for self-improvement.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The diagnostic stage, which was conducted in 2020-2021, included 300 sixth-year students from three higher educational institutions: I.

Case report: Virus-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a patient with APECED.

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), also known as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of immunity (IEI), which is accompanied by immune dysregulation. Hypoparathyroidism, adrenocortical failure and candidiasis are its typical manifestations. Here we report about recurrent COVID-19 in a 3-year-old boy with APECED, who developed retinopathy with macular atrophy and autoimmune hepatitis after the first episode of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Outcomes of laser-induced thermotherapy for thyroid nodules at the West Vascular Center, Ukraine.

Thyroid nodules are common, occurring in 50-60% of healthy patients. Currently, there are no effective conservative treatment options for nodular goiter, and surgery can have limitations and potential complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, and long-term results of using sclerotherapy and laser-induced interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) to treat benign thyroid nodules.

ER22/23EK AND TTH111I POLYMORPHISMS IN THE GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR GENE IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA WITH REGARD TO THE AGE OF ONSET.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the frequency of the ER22/23EK and Tth111I polymorphisms in the glucocorticoid receptor gene (GR) in patients with early-onset and late-onset asthma (BA) and to assess the risk of its phenotype's development. We examined 553 BA patients and 95 apparently healthy individuals. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the age of BA onset: Group I included 282 patients with late-onset asthma, and group II included 271 patients with early-onset asthma.

Endogenous intoxication in development of experimental periodontitis of bacterial-immune genesis.

Introduction: Excessive lipoperoxidation is accompanied by accumulation of peroxidation products and depletion of antioxidant re-serves, which cause hyperenzymemia and the accumulation of toxic substances. The level of endotoxicosis is determined by the content of hydrophilic and hydrophobic products in the blood.

Aim: To define the pathogenetic role of endogenous intoxication in the dynamics of development of experimental periodontitis of bacterial-immune genesis.

Masitinib for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: results from a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3, clinical trial.

Background: Masitinib is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets activated cells of the neuroimmune system (mast cells and microglia). Study AB09004 evaluated masitinib as an adjunct to cholinesterase inhibitor and/or memantine in patients with mild-to-moderate dementia due to probable Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: Study AB09004 was a randomized, double-blind, two parallel-group (four-arm), placebo-controlled trial.

Gut microbiota in patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes: A culture-based method.

Background: The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to affect people around the world, with one of the most frequent comorbidities being Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Studies have suggested a link between disbalances in gut microbiota and these diseases, as well as with COVID-19, potentially due to inflammatory dysfunction. This study aims to analyze the changes in gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients with T2D using a culture-based method.