Vascularized Periosteal Grafts for Bone Union in Children: A Systematic Review.

Background: The periosteum is the main organ responsible for bone regeneration. Vascularized Periosteal Grafts (VPG) have demonstrated exceptional efficacy and speed in facilitating bone union among children with challenging bone healing conditions. Despite their promising results, the overall impact of these interventions has yet to be comprehensively evaluated through systematic review.

Allostatic Load as a Short-Term Prognostic and Predictive Marker.

It would be highly valuable to possess a tool for evaluating disease progression and identifying patients at risk of experiencing a more severe clinical course and potentially worse outcomes. The concept of allostatic load, which represents the overall strain on the body from repeated stress responses, has been recognized as a precursor to the development of chronic illnesses. It functions as a cumulative measure of the body's capacity to adapt to stress.

Cold exposure reinstates NAD levels and attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cold exposure has been historically used for medicinal purposes, but its benefits and associated mechanisms in mammalian organisms still remain unclear. Here, we explore the chemoprotective properties of cold temperature using a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that recapitulates several human features. Chronic cold exposure is shown to prolong lifespan in diseased mice, enhance liver health, and suppress the development of aggressive HCC, preventing hepatocellular hypertrophy, high-grade oval cell hyperplasia, liver steatosis, and aberrant hepatocyte hyperproliferation.

Open-label phase II clinical trial of orteronel (TAK-700) in metastatic or advanced non-resectable granulosa cell ovarian tumors: the Greko II study (GETHI2013-01).

Background: Granulosa cell ovarian tumors (GCTs) are a rare neoplasia characterized by a pathognomonic mutation in the FOXL2 gene. In vitro studies have demonstrated an overactivation of hormone activity due to this alteration. Thus, we aimed to determine the activity of orteronel, a CYP17 inhibitor, in advanced disease.

Alexithymia in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-analysis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor manifestations, including alexithymia. This condition is defined by difficulty in recognizing, articulating, and expressing one's emotional states. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence of alexithymia in PD patients and a healthy population, and to identify associated demographic and clinical factors.

General physical impairments in migraine patients beyond cervical function.

Previous research has focused on the possibility of cervical dysfunction in migraine patients, similar to what is observed in patients with tension-type headaches. However, there is no evidence concerning the physical function of other body regions, even though lower levels of physical activity have been reported among migraine patients. The aim of this study was to compare cervical and extra-cervical range of motion, muscular strength, and endurance, as well as overall levels of physical activity, between patients with chronic migraine (CM) and asymptomatic participants.

Bilateral Lesions in Parkinson's Disease: Gaps and Controversies.

Bilateral lesions of the basal ganglia using termocoagulation or radiation for improving tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been performed starting several decades ago, especially when levodopa and deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery were not available. However, because of unclear additional benefit compared to unilateral lesion, and particularly to the evidence of increased adverse events occurrence, bilateral lesions were basically abandoned at the end of the 20th century. Therefore, bilateral DBS has become the standard procedure to treat PD.

Effect of Physical Activity Interventions on Health Parameters in Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review.

Intellectual disability (ID) encompasses diverse challenges that affect daily life and health. Sedentary behaviors, prevalent in this population, contribute to alarming health concerns, notably obesity and musculoskeletal issues. This review examines the role of physical activity (PA) interventions in addressing these health challenges among children and adolescents with ID.

Multiplexed Dual-Color Fluorescence-Based Distinction Between Nuclear Trapping and Translocation of FOXO3.

FOXO3 is a transcription factor that mainly exerts its functions in the cell nucleus. The amino acid sequence of FOXO3 contains a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) and a nuclear export sequence (NES) allowing for nuclear/cytoplasmic shuttling that plays an important role in regulating FOXO3 activity. Nuclear accumulation of FOXO3 proteins can be the result of translocation to the nucleus triggered by upstream regulatory input or trapping of FOXO3 within the nucleus through the inhibition of its nuclear export via the receptor CRM1.

Reporter Gene Assays to Measure FOXO-Specific Transcriptional Activity.

The forkhead box O (FOXO) family of transcription factors translates environmental cues into precise gene expression patterns maintaining cellular equilibrium while influencing critical determinations of cell destiny and differentiation. FOXO proteins exert their effects through specific consensus binding to promoter sites within target genes. Notably, among the array of techniques available for assessing the transcriptional activity of FOXO factors, the utilization of luciferase-based reporters emerges as particularly distinctive.

Relationship Between Mandibular Position, Activation of the Masticatory Musculature and Free-Throw Accuracy in Female Basketball Players.

Background: Current research relates jaw clenching to athletic performance, in terms of force and agility. However, the impact of jaw clenching on sports accuracy is unclear.

Objectives: To analyse the impact of jaw position and chewing type on free-throw accuracy and electromyographic (EMG) activity of masticatory muscles during free-throws.

Temporal dynamics of neurovascular unit changes following blood-brain barrier opening in the putamen of non-human primates.

Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) combined with intravenously circulating microbubbles has recently emerged as a novel approach for increasing delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This technique safely and transiently enables therapeutic agents to overcome the BBB, which typically poses a significant obstacle for treatment of brain disorders. However, the full impact of LIFU on the entire neurovascular unit (NVU), as well as the mechanisms and factors involved in restoring BBB integrity still require further elucidation.

Could an evaluative conditioning intervention ameliorate paranoid beliefs? Self-reported and neurophysiological evidence from a brief intervention focused on improving self-esteem.

Introduction: Much research on the treatment of paranoia has involved cognitive-behavioural interventions that address explicit social cognition processes. However, much of human cognition is preverbal or implicit, raising the possibility that such social judgements are implicated in paranoia. One type of implicit social cognition that has been investigated concerning paranoia is implicit self-esteem with some evidence that it may be possible to change implicit self-esteem using techniques based on conditioning theory.

Temporal ordering of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease patients based on disease progression models.

Introduction: Identifying Parkinson's disease (PD) patients at risk of cognitive decline is crucial for enhancing clinical interventions. While several models predicting cognitive decline in PD exist, a new machine learning framework called disease progression models (DPMs) offers a data-driven approach to understand disease evolution.

Methods: We enrolled 423 PD patients and 196 healthy controls from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI).

The expanding horizon of neurotechnology: Is multimodal neuromodulation the future?

The clinical applications of neurotechnology are rapidly expanding, and the combination of different approaches could be more effective and precise to treat brain disorders. This Perspective discusses the potential and challenges of "multimodal neuromodulation," which combines modalities such as electrical, magnetic, and ultrasound stimulation.

Total elbow allograft augmented with vascularized periosteal grafts for salvage of a failed distal humeral joint replacement for Ewing sarcoma reconstruction.

Vascularized periosteal grafts have been used to promote bone union in massive bone defects. We present a child with a failed distal humeral joint replacement for Ewing sarcoma reconstruction, successfully treated with a total elbow allograft augmented by vascularized periosteal grafts. V.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Nirsevimab in Reducing Pediatric RSV Hospitalizations in Spain.

: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of hospitalization in infants. Nirsevimab has demonstrated to be a promising tool for preventing severe RSV disease. Although clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of Nirsevimab in preventing severe RSV disease, evidence regarding its performance in real-world clinical settings is still limited due to its recent introduction.

Effect of Multivitamins on the Color Stability of Dental Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry: An In Vitro Study.

The longevity and acceptance of aesthetic dental materials are directly proportional to color stability. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the use of multivitamins and the color stability of dental restorative materials. A total of 45 discs of nanohybrid composite, 45 of Reinforced Glass Ionomer (RGI), and 45 of Giomer were prepared.

Phase II clinical trial assessing the efficacy of enzalutamide in advanced non-resectable granulosa cell ovarian tumors: The GREKO III study (GETHI2016-01).

Background: Granulosa cell ovarian tumors (GCT) are orphan disease with limited treatments. Hormone therapy is a potential treatment, due to the overexpression of hormone receptors in most tumors. This study explores the activity of the antiandrogen, enzalutamide, in metastatic cases.