Single-Cell RNA-seq Reveals Increased and Activated Post-Capillary Venule Endothelial Cells in Erythrodermic Psoriasis.

Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is a life-threatening variant of psoriasis. In this study, we contrasted the vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in EP lesions against those in psoriasis vulgaris and healthy controls. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry on human and mouse samples, we observed a marked increase and activation of EP ECs, which upregulated genes relative to angiogenesis, leukocyte adhesion and antigen presentation.

Fully automated segmentation of brain and scalp blood vessels on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging using multi-view cascaded networks.

Background And Objective: Neurosurgical navigation is a critical element of brain surgery, and accurate segmentation of brain and scalp blood vessels is crucial for surgical planning and treatment. However, conventional methods for segmenting blood vessels based on statistical or thresholding techniques have limitations. In recent years, deep learning-based methods have emerged as a promising solution for blood vessel segmentation, but the segmentation of small blood vessels and scalp blood vessels remains challenging.

Prognosis Prediction of Cardiovascular Event With Glucose-Albumin Ratio on Patients With Cancer and Prescribed With Anthracycline.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of the glucose-albumin ratio (GAR) in predicting the prognosis of cancer patients prescribed anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Methods: We included cancer patients who underwent anthracycline-based chemotherapy, drawn from the population-based cohort Clinical Data Analysis Reporting System of Hong Kong between January 2000 and December 2019. Demographics, medical history, baseline laboratory, and metabolic indicators, including GAR, were collected.

Precise In Situ Delivery of a Photo-Enhanceable Inflammasome-Activating Nanovaccine Activates Anticancer Immunity.

A variety of state-of-the-art nanovaccines (NV) combined with immunotherapies have recently been developed to treat malignant tumors, showing promising results. However, immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) restrains cytotoxic T-cell infiltration and limits the efficacy of immunotherapies in solid tumors. Therefore, tactics for enhancing antigen cross-presentation and reshaping the TME need to be explored to enhance the activity of NVs.

Management of post-radiation carotid blowout syndrome in patients with head and neck cancer: A systematic review.

Background And Purpose: Carotid blowout syndrome (CBS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication that can occur in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), especially with a history of radiotherapy. This study aimed to review and initially compare managements for post-radiation CBS in patients with HNC.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of published studies was performed.

Machine learning approach for the prediction of macrosomia.

Fetal macrosomia is associated with maternal and newborn complications due to incorrect fetal weight estimation or inappropriate choice of delivery models. The early screening and evaluation of macrosomia in the third trimester can improve delivery outcomes and reduce complications. However, traditional clinical and ultrasound examinations face difficulties in obtaining accurate fetal measurements during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Oscillatory mechanisms of intrinsic human brain networks.

Non-invasive neuroimaging has revealed specific network-based resting-state dynamics in the human brain, yet the underlying neurophysiological mechanism remains unclear. We employed intracranial electroencephalography to characterize local field potentials within the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and salience network (SN) in 42 participants. We identified stronger within-network phase coherence at low frequencies (θ and α band) within the DMN, and at high frequencies (γ band) within the FPN.

Outcomes of endoscopic modified cartilage-perichondrium tympanoplasty on different sized perforations.

Objectives: To evaluate the anatomic and functional outcomes of type1 tympanoplasty with endoscopic modified butterfly cartilage-perichondrium technique.

Methods: In our modification, perichondrium was elevated circumferentially till the attached part of the composite graft was approximately same size and shape of the perforation, cartilage was trimmed based on the perforation but 0.5 mm larger.

Landscape of clinical drug development of ADCs used for the pharmacotherapy of cancers: an overview of clinical trial registry data from 2002 to 2022.

Background: To provide reference for clinical development of ADCs in the industry, we analyzed the landscape and characteristics of clinical trials about antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).

Method: Clinical trials to study ADCs used for the pharmacotherapy of cancers initiated by the sponsor were searched in the Cite line Pharma Intelligence (Trialtrove database), and the landscape and characteristics of these clinical trials were analyzed from multiple perspectives, such as the number, phases, status, indications, and targets of the clinical trials.

Result: As of December 31, 2022, a total of 431 clinical trials have been initiated to study ADCs used for the pharmacotherapy of cancers, and the number of the last 10 years was 5.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Yu-Ping-Feng Formula on Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Interrogating the T Cell Response.

Ethnopharmacological treatments have shown beneficial effects in the clinical practice of autoimmune disorders. However, the underlying mechanism of immunomodulatory effects remains challenging, given the complicate composition of herbal medicines. Here, we developed an immunological approach to interrogate the T helper cell response.

Tudor-SN promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and neonatal heart regeneration through regulating the phosphorylation of YAP.

Background: The neonatal mammalian heart exhibits considerable regenerative potential following injury through cardiomyocyte proliferation, whereas mature cardiomyocytes withdraw from the cell cycle and lose regenerative capacities. Therefore, investigating the mechanisms underlying neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration is crucial for unlocking the regenerative potential of adult mammalian heart to repair damage and restore contractile function following myocardial injury.

Methods: The Tudor staphylococcal nuclease (Tudor-SN) transgenic (TG) or cardiomyocyte-specific knockout mice (Myh6-Tudor-SN ) were generated to investigate the role of Tudor-SN in cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration following apical resection (AR) surgery.

Liposome-lentivirus for miRNA therapy with molecular mechanism study.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a vital role in the occurrence, maintenance, and recurrence of solid tumors. Although, miR-145-5p can inhibit CSCs survival, poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms hamperes further therapeutic optimization for patients. Lentivirus with remarkable transduction efficiency is the most commonly used RNA carrier in research, but has shown limited tumor-targeting capability.

Immunodeviation towards T cell-mediated immune response in the testes of LPS-induced mouse epididymo-orchitis.

The testicular consequences of acute epididymo-orchitis remain largely unelucidated in long-term damage, which might be a neglected factor for male infertility. In this study, the differential phenotype of testicular immune cell subpopulations in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse epididymo-orchitis were analyzed by flow cytometry on day 1, day 7, and day 28. The number of macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) steadily decreased in the testes with inoculation.

Comparative analysis of the performance of hepatobiliary agents in depicting MRI features of microvascular infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To compare the ability to depict MRI features of hepatobiliary agents in microvascular infiltration (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during different stages of dynamic enhancement MRI.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study included 111 HCC lesions scanned with either Gd-EOB-DTPA or Gd-BOPTA. All cases underwent multiphase dynamic contrast-enhanced scanning before surgery, including arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (PVP), transitional phase (TP), delayed phase (DP), and hepatobiliary phase (HBP).

Meticulous catheter care and aseptic approach reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections significantly in hemodialysis patients: A 5-year single center study.

Aim: The use of central venous catheters as hemodialysis vascular access is a major contributor to high bloodstream infection rate. In our dialysis unit in Shenzhen Guangdong Province China, we have developed and used our own dialysis catheter care protocol since May 2013 with good results. In this study, we would like to share our experience with the other units.