Probing the orientation and membrane permeation of rhodamine voltage reporters through molecular simulations and free energy calculations.

The transmembrane potential of plasma membranes and membrane-bound organelles plays a fundamental role in cellular functions such as signal transduction, ATP synthesis, and homeostasis. Rhodamine voltage reporters (RhoVRs), which operate based on the photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) mechanism, are non-invasive, small-molecule voltage sensors that can detect rapid voltage changes, with some of them specifically targeting the inner mitochondrial membrane. In this work, we conducted extensive molecular dynamics simulations and free-energy calculations to investigate the physicochemical properties governing the orientation as well as membrane permeation barriers of three RhoVRs.

Time-resolved single-cell secretion analysis microfluidics.

Revealing how individual cells alter their secretions over time is crucial for understanding their responses to environmental changes. Key questions include: When do cells modify their functions and states? What transitions occur? Insights into the kinetic secretion trajectories of various cell types are essential for unraveling complex biological systems. This review highlights seven microfluidic technologies for time-resolved single-cell secretion analysis: 1.

Programmable assemblies of photothermal anisotropic micromotors for multimodal motion.

Light-driven micromotors with multiple motion modes offer significantly greater application potential than single-mode micromotors. However, achieving such versatility often requires complex structural designs and precise light focusing on specific micromotor regions, presenting challenges for dynamic operations and microscale precisions. This study introduces programmable assemblies of anisotropic micromotors driven by the photothermal Marangoni effect, produced in bulk microfluidic technology.

Cadmium and selenium blood levels in association with congestive heart failure in diabetic and prediabetic patients: a cross-sectional study from the national health and nutrition examination survey.

Background: Epidemiological research on the association between heavy metals and congestive heart failure (CHF) in individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism is scarce. The study addresses this research gap by examining the link between exposure to heavy metals and the odds of CHF in a population with dysregulated glucose metabolism.

Method: This cross-sectional study includes 7326 patients with diabetes and prediabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2018.

Relationships between perceived physical literacy and mental health in tertiary education students: a scoping review.

Background/objective: Physical literacy (PL) is "the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life". Recent evidence has shown that PL was associated with mental wellbeing in different populations, yet a comprehensive review examining the association between PL and mental health among tertiary education students was lacking. The aims of this scoping review were to rapidly map relevant evidence on the relationships between perceived PL and mental health in higher education students and to determine the feasibility and value of conducting a full systematic review in this research area.

Effect of pre-conception serum vitamin D level on pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing in vitro fertilization with fresh embryo transfer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: This study aims to investigate the association of pre-conception vitamin D levels on adverse pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing in vitro fertilization with fresh embryo transfer.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using archived serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D measured in the pre-conception period before ovarian stimulation in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization with fresh autologous embryo transfer. A total of 306 women were included and adverse pregnancy outcomes in their resulting pregnancy were recorded.

LOX-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis via the TGF-β/LOX/Snail axis in diabetic mice.

Background: The partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is emerging as a significant mechanism in diabetic nephropathy (DN). LOX is a copper amine oxidase conventionally thought to act by crosslinking collagen. However, the role of LOX in partial EMT and fibrotic progression in diabetic nephropathy has not been investigated experimentally.

Cancer-related health behaviors during the COVID 19 pandemic in geographically diverse samples across the US.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic involved business closures (e.g., gyms), social distancing policies, and prolonged stressful situations that may have impacted engagement in health behaviors.

High glucose induces renal tubular epithelial cell senescence by inhibiting autophagic flux.

Autophagy, a cellular degradation process involving the formation and clearance of autophagosomes, is mediated by autophagic proteins, such as microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and sequestosome 1 (p62), and modulated by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) as well as chloroquine (CQ). Senescence, characterised by permanent cell cycle arrest, is marked by proteins such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) and tumour protein 53 (p53). This study aims to investigate the relationship between cell senescence and renal function in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and the effect of autophagy on high-glucose-induced cell senescence.

A global kernel estimator for partially linear varying coefficient additive hazards models.

We study kernel-based estimation methods for partially linear varying coefficient additive hazards models, where the effects of one type of covariates can be modified by another. Existing kernel estimation methods for varying coefficient models often use a "local" approach, where only a small local neighborhood of subjects are used for estimating the varying coefficient functions. Such a local approach, however, is generally inefficient as information about some non-varying nuisance parameter from subjects outside the neighborhood is discarded.

Chemically engineered antibodies for autophagy-based receptor degradation.

Cell surface receptor-targeted protein degraders hold promise for drug discovery. However, their application is restricted because of the complexity of creating bifunctional degraders and the reliance on specific lysosome-shuttling receptors or E3 ubiquitin ligases. To address these limitations, we developed an autophagy-based plasma membrane protein degradation platform, which we term AUTABs (autophagy-inducing antibodies).

The anti-melanoma roles and mechanisms of tricholoma isoflavone derivative CA028.

As a form of skin cancer, melanoma's incidence rate is continuing to rise globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new agents to improve survival in melanoma patients. Isoflavones, a class of phytoestrogens, are primarily found in soy and other legumes.

Mobile health applications for older people in Asia: protocol for a systematic review of end-user perceptions and recommendations.

Introduction: Mobile technology has revolutionised the way people interact with others and gain access to healthcare services. Given that cultural background is a strong moderator for technology penetration, this systematic review aims to examine end-user perceptions and design recommendations for mobile health applications among Asian older people.

Methods And Analysis: Five electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) will be searched until May 2025.

Spliced exon9 ADRM1 promotes liver oncogenicity via selective degradation of tumor suppressor FBXW7.

Background & Aims: The ubiquitin receptor ADRM1/Rpn13 governs the specificity of eukaryotic protein degradation. By SMRT sequencing, we first discovered a novel spliced variant of ADRM1 with a skipped exon 9, termed ADRM1-ΔEx9, in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to elucidate this novel ubiquitin receptor's underlying biology and clinical implications in HCC.

Sequential catalysis enables efficient pyrolysis of food waste for syngas production.

Thermochemical conversion technologies are emerging as one of the most promising approaches to tackle food waste crisis. However, the existing techniques confront significant challenges in terms of syngas selectivity and catalyst stability. This study introduced a cost-effective Joule heating approach utilizing sequential catalysts composed of treated stainless steel (SS) and biochar to optimize syngas production from food waste.

pksE. coli adhesins-The fine line between good and evil.

Gut bacteria could promote colorectal cancer by generating genotoxins. In a recent issue of Nature, Jans et al. identified bacterial adhesion as an additional determinant for the genotoxic activity of colibactin-producing E.

An ODE-based swift and dynamic sewer airflow model.

Airflow models are powerful tools for ventilation design to achieve odour and corrosion mitigation in sewer networks. Currently, there lacks a model able to efficiently predict in-sewer dynamic airflows, as all available dynamic models with an acceptable accuracy are computationally demanding. In this study, a swift dynamic airflow model based on an ordinary differential equation (ODE) is derived by simplifying the one-dimensional Navier Stokes Equations (NSE), supported by the observation that the NSE solutions always display negligible spatial variations in air velocity when applied to a sewer conduit.

Bayesian estimation of diagnostic accuracy of fecal smears, fecal PCR and serum ELISA for detecting Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infections in four domestic ruminant species in Saudi Arabia.

Paratuberculosis, a chronic wasting disease affecting domestic and wild ruminants worldwide, is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Various diagnostic tests exist for detecting MAP infection; however, none of them possess perfect accuracy to be qualified as a reference standard test, particularly due to their notably low sensitivity.

Association of serum vitamin D level and live birth rate in women undergoing frozen embryo transfer-a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To assess the association of serum vitamin D level and the live birth rate in women undergoing frozen embryo transfer (FET).

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study involving 1489 infertile women who had frozen embryo transfer at two tertiary reproductive medicine centres from 2019 to 2021. Only the first frozen embryo transfer was included for women who had repeated transfers during the period.

Combination Antithrombotic Therapy for Reduction of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease.

Background: Stroke secondary to intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is associated with high recurrence risk despite currently available secondary prevention strategies. In patients with systemic atherosclerosis, a significant reduction of stroke risk with no increase in intracranial or fatal hemorrhage was seen when rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily was added to aspirin.

Calculation of the Minimal Clinically Important Difference in Upper and Lower Limb Motor Assessment in Spinal Muscular Atrophy.

Objectives: Physical function assessments in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are important indicators for assessing the effectiveness of treatment and changes over time in rehabilitation therapy. However, few reports exist on this indicator. This study calculated the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for assessing motor function in the upper and lower limbs of individuals with SMA to estimate the degree of change within a functional score that is considered clinically meaningful.

Endoscopic Technique: Sciatic Neurolysis and Piriformis Tendon Release for Treating Piriformis Syndrome.

Piriformis syndrome (PS) is an underdiagnosed condition, caused by entrapment of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle tendon and adhesions in the deep gluteal space. We present a step-by-step endoscopic technique with the patient in a prone position through a posterior approach. This approach provides improved orientation for tracking the sciatic nerve from distal to proximal, facilitating the release of all adhesions and concluding with a piriformis tendon release.

All-Inside Arthroscopic Tie-Grip Suture Repair for Radial Tear in the Midbody of Lateral Meniscus Using an All-Inside Device and Slotted Cannula.

Inside-out repair of meniscal tears is the gold standard surgical approach; however, its use is limited by the need for a posterior incision and neurovascular risk. In this Technical Report, we present details of the all-inside arthroscopic tie-grip approach for repairing a radial tear of the midbody of the lateral meniscus using an all-inside device (TRUESPAN) and a slotted cannula. In contrast to the inside-out approach, this technique helps reduce surgical invasiveness and provides stable fixation as the vertical mattress sutures bundle the circumferential fibers and act as rip stops for the horizontal sutures.