10 results match your criteria: "HIV-1 Associated Opportunistic Neoplasms - CNS Lymphoma"
HIV disorders of the brain: pathology and pathogenesis.
Front Biosci
January 2006
Center for Neurovirology and Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.
Article Synopsis
- HIV-1 infection has rapidly increased, with over 33 million adults and 1.3 million children affected globally, leading to around 16,000 new cases daily and nearly 3 million deaths annually from AIDS, making it a leading cause of death.
- The introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) since the 1990s has reduced the mortality and severity of HIV-1, turning AIDS into a chronic condition for many.
- Despite this progress, about 70-90% of HIV-1 patients still experience severe neurological issues, like AIDS-Encephalopathy and several opportunistic infections of the brain, such as Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) and primary
Epstein-Barr virus associated with primary CNS lymphoma and disseminated BCG infection in a child with AIDS.
Int J Infect Dis
March 2005
AIDS Reference Center, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez (HNRG), Virrey Arredondo 3231, 1426, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Article Synopsis
- - **AIDS patients face a heightened risk of various infections**, including viral, fungal, and mycobacterial, which can lead to symptoms like fever and weight loss due to either infection or concurrent conditions like lymphoma.
- - **A case study highlights a child with HIV-AIDS and mild encephalopathy**, who developed neurological issues from disseminated mycobacterial disease, with post-mortem findings showing BCG infection and EBV-related primary CNS lymphoma.
- - **The results suggest that BCG vaccination for children with HIV-1 should be reconsidered** due to the risk of severe complications, regardless of their immune status, particularly noting a strong correlation between primary CNS lymphoma and EBV infection in HIV-infected
Management of HIV-associated focal brain lesions in developing countries.
QJM
July 2004
Division of Radiology, Department of Radiation Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- HIV-associated focal brain lesions (HFBL) in developing countries are mainly caused by treatable infections, primarily tuberculosis, whereas developed nations see more cases from conditions like toxoplasma encephalitis and primary CNS lymphoma.
- In a study of 32 patients, 69% were found to have tuberculosis as the main cause of HFBL, and 69% of those treated responded positively to the treatment.
- The research suggests that a practical management approach tailored to the unique endemic infections in developing countries is necessary, proposing a modified algorithm for treatment based on limited diagnostic information.
Kaposi's sarcoma and central nervous system disease: a real association or an artifact of the control group? Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS.
AIDS
May 2000
Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS Statistical and Data Management Center, Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455-0378, USA.
Objectives: To test the hypothesis that Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) protects against four central nervous system (CNS) diseases in HIV-1-infected individuals.
Study Population And Design: The study population of 9404 subjects included participants in Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA) protocols who were enrolled between September 1990 and September 1998. This was an observational study.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to explore the connections between HIV encephalitis, other CNS issues, cognitive impairment, and treatment effects in AIDS patients.
- Conducted as an autopsy study, it included 66 participants (27 homosexual men and 39 drug users), focusing on clinical parameters and HIV viral load.
- Results indicated a higher prevalence of HIV encephalitis in drug users (59%) compared to homosexuals (15%), with significant links to cognitive impairment, viral burden, and treatment duration with zidovudine.
Imaging methods as a diagnostic tool in neuro-AIDS. A review.
Bildgebung
December 1995
Neurologische Klinik, Universität Düsseldorf, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Since 1983, it's been understood that AIDS affects the central nervous system (CNS), impacting conditions like HIV-associated encephalopathy and cerebral toxoplasmosis.
- Imaging techniques like computed tomography (CCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play a crucial role in diagnosing these AIDS-related CNS issues.
- The paper reviews typical radiological findings and discusses how advanced imaging methods, including PET and SPECT, can help assess and predict outcomes of HIV-related brain deficits.
Radionuclide brain imaging in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Q J Nucl Med
September 1995
University College London Medical School, Middlesex Hospital, UK.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) may produce a variety of central nervous system (CNS) symptoms and signs. CNS involvement in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) includes AIDS dementia complex or HIV-1 associated cognitive/motor complex (widely known as HIV encephalopathy), progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML), opportunistic infections such as Toxoplasma gondii, TB, Cryptococcus and infiltration by non-Hodgkin's B cell lymphoma. High resolution structural imaging investigations, either X-ray Computed Tomography (CT scan) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have contributed to the understanding and definition of cerebral damage caused by HIV encephalopathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of the present was to study the prevalence of non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in AIDS patients as well as the clinicopathologic characteristics, response to treatment and survival.
Methods: From January 1984 to January 1991, 77 patients with NHL associated with AIDS diagnosed in 9 hospitals in Madrid were retrospectively studied.
Results: Ninety-two per cent of the patients were men (mean age 30 years: range: 9-66 years), 62% were intravenous drug abusers and 20 (26%) homosexuals.
Biology of disease and clinical aspects of AIDS-associated lymphoma: a review.
East Afr Med J
April 1994
Northern Israel Oncology Centre, Haifa.
AIDS-related lymphoma was not apparent until 1985, when a statistically significant increase in the frequency of lymphoma had occurred. Over 50% are high-grade lymphoma, either immunoblastic or small, noncleaved cells (Burkitt's-like lymphoma), with involvement of extranodal sites such as the central nervous system (> one-third of patients), gastrointestinal tract, skin and bone marrow. Optimal therapy for AIDS-associated lymphoma has not yet been defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropathology of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS): report of 39 autopsies from Vancouver, British Columbia.
Can J Neurol Sci
November 1992
Department of Pathology, UCLA Center for Health Sciences 90024-1732.
Neuropathological findings from 39 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) autopsies of primarily neurologically symptomatic patients and 7 brain biopsies from AIDS patients performed at St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia are reported. Autopsy findings included human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV)-type multinucleated giant cell (MNGC)-associated encephalitis seen in 17 patients, toxoplasmosis in 7 patients, and cytomegalovirus encephalitis and/or microglial nodule-associated nuclear inclusions in brain parenchyma in 9 patients.
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