Proof of concept study - alternative pharmacoprophylaxis for high-altitude pulmonary edema: A hospital-based randomized controlled trial.

Background: High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is noncardiogenic pulmonary edema caused by exaggerated hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and abnormally high pulmonary artery pressure. Some patients who develop HAPE have more chances to develop HAPE again on reinduction to high altitude (HA). This was a pilot project to look for a suitable drug (acetazolamide, nifedipine, or tadalafil) that could be used prophylactically in HAPE patients on reinduction to HA.

Enamel renal gingival syndrome in Indian scenario: A systematic review.

Background: Enamel renal gingival syndrome (ERS) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the FAM20A gene located on long arm of chromosome 17. It is characterized by presence of intra-oral features like hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta, fibromatosis of gingiva and nephrocalcinosis in addition to delayed eruption. The oral phenotype is evident in childhood, whereas the renal involvement is clinically silent at this age and requires further investigation for detection at later age.

4D live tracing reveals distinct movement trajectories of meiotic chromosomes.

Proper chromosome alignment at the spindle equator is a prerequisite for accurate chromosome segregation during cell division. However, the chromosome movement trajectories prior to alignment remain elusive. Here, we established a 4D imaging analysis framework to visualize chromosome dynamics and develop a deep-learning model for chromosome movement trajectory classification.

Use of Magnetic Resonance Neurography for Sensory Nerve Injuries of the Head and Neck.

Background: Identification of peripheral nerve injuries of the head and neck can be challenging due to a broad spectrum of symptoms from neuropathic pain to headaches and migraine. This article aimed to present the clinical features and diagnostic workup of patients with acute and chronic peripheral nerve injuries of the head and neck using magnetic resonance neurography (MRN), to demonstrate potential advantages compared with conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Patients who presented with suspected peripheral nerve injury were either referred for a conventional MRI or MRN.

Pharmacological action of polysaccharides: a review.

, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and food, which has a long history of clinical application, is used to improve health conditions and treat various diseases. polysaccharides (ASP), the main active component of this traditional Chinese medicine, have multicomponent, multitarget characteristics and very broad pharmacological activities. They play important roles in the treatment of several diseases.

scHiGex: predicting single-cell gene expression based on single-cell Hi-C data.

A novel biochemistry experiment named HiRES has been developed to capture both the chromosomal conformations and gene expression levels of individual single cells simultaneously. Nevertheless, when compared to the extensive volume of single-cell Hi-C data generated from individual cells, the number of datasets produced from this experiment remains limited in the scientific community. Hence, there is a requirement for a computational tool that can forecast the levels of gene expression in individual cells using single-cell Hi-C data from the same cells.

Tea cultivation: facilitating soil organic carbon accumulation and altering soil bacterial community-Leishan County, Guizhou Province, Southwest China.

Background: is an important cash crop in southwestern China, with soil organic carbon playing a vital role in soil fertility, and microorganisms contributing significantly to nutrient cycling, thus both of them influencing tea tree growth and development. However, existing studies primarily focus on soil organic carbon, neglecting carbon fractions, and the relationship between soil organic carbon fractions and microbial communities is unclear. Consequently, this study aims to clarify the impact of different tea planting durations on soil organic carbon fractions and microbial communities and identify the main factors influencing microbial communities.

Geochemical signatures and nanomechanical properties of echinoid tests from nearshore habitats of Florida: environmental and physiological controls on echinoid biomineralization.

The mechanisms that regulate minor and trace element biomineralization in the echinoid skeleton can be primarily controlled biologically (, by the organism and its vital effects) or by extrinsic environmental factors. Assessing the relative role of those controls is essential for understanding echinoid biomineralization, taphonomy, diagenesis, and their potential as geochemical archives. In this study, we (1) contrast geochemical signatures of specimens collected across multiple taxa and environmental settings to assess the effects of environmental and physiological factors on skeletal biomineralogy; and (2) analyze the nanomechanical properties of the echinoid skeleton to assess potential linkages between magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios and skeletal nanohardness.

Case report: Endolymphatic sac tumor with blurred vision.

Introduction: Endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) is a rare neoplasm that exhibits aggressive growth primarily in the endolymphatic capsule and can potentially affect nearby neurovascular structures. The diagnosis of ELST poses challenges due to its low prevalence, gradual progression, and nonspecific symptomatology. It is currently believed that prompt surgical intervention is recommended for endolymphatic sac tumors upon diagnosis.

infection as a contributing factor to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: A population-based insight.

This letter discusses the research conducted by Abdel-Razeq , highlighting a significant association between () infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in individuals with a prior history of infection. Using a comprehensive patient database, the study establishes an independent correlation between and an elevated risk of MASH, even after adjusting for coexisting conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Notably, the findings suggest that may worsen liver pathology through inflammatory pathways, contributing to hepatic insulin resistance and lipid accumulation.

Comparison of different severity scores in correlating hemoglobin levels with the severity of hepatic decompensation: An observational study.

Background: Chronic liver disease is a growing global health problem, leading to hepatic decompensation characterized by an array of clinical and biochemical complications. Several scoring systems have been introduced in assessing the severity of hepatic decompensation with the most frequent ones are Child-Pugh score, model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and MELD-Na score. Anemia is frequently observed in cirrhotic patients and is linked to worsened clinical outcomes.

Hepatic eosinophilic pseudotumor due to infection mimicking intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A case report.

Background: Hepatic eosinophilic pseudotumor (HEPT) is a rare condition that mimics malignant hepatic tumors, posing significant diagnostic challenges. This case report highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections like () in the differential diagnosis of hepatic masses, especially in endemic regions, to prevent unnecessary interventions.

Case Summary: A 40-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of epigastric pain and significant weight loss.

Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Findings in Parkinson's Disease With "Antecedent Essential Tremor": A Case Series of a Large Kindred.

Background: The clinical pictures of essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are often quite mimic at the early stage, and longstanding ET may ultimately develop to PD, that is, PD with "antecedent ET". Early diagnosis and differentiation of the two are essential for predicting disease progression and formulating individualized treatment plans. However, current approaches remain challenging.

Eales' Disease in Inuit: A Short Report and Clinical Update.

Purpose: We report a case of Eales disease in Inuit and reflect on advances in telemedicine and treatment of retinal disease since the first report of Eales' disease in Greenlandic Inuit was published.

Patients And Methods: A 41-year-old Inuit female complaining of blurred vision was referred to our eye department. There had been no sign of diabetic retinopathy during diabetic eye screening and the patient had been treated for tuberculosis in 2010.

Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in China.

Purpose: This study aimed to report the ocular manifestations in individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and investigate any correlation between the occurrence of ocular symptoms and systemic symptoms.

Methods: A retrospective electronic survey was conducted among the general public in northern China from December 2022 through February 2023. Inclusion criteria for COVID-19 was confirmed testing positive via a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test or testing positive for COVID-19 via an antigen kit.

Giant Cell Tumor of the Uterus: A Report and Review of the Literature.

Giant cell tumors are neoplasms that usually occur in the long bones of young adults. They can rarely present in the soft tissue and may display malignant behavior. Giant cell malignancies have previously been reported as tumors primary of the uterus but are exceptionally rare.

Epidemiological Patterns and Geospatial Mapping of Cleft Lip/Palate in a Comprehensive Cleft Center in Northwestern Nigeria: Estimating Distribution Using Geographical Information Systems.

Objective: This study aims to estimate the geospatial distribution of cleft lip/palate (CL/P) cases in northwestern Nigeria and to estimate the prevalence and patterns of CL/P across wards.

Design: This retrospective study utilized information from health records for inpatients with CL/P. These data were analyzed via descriptive statistics.

Characterization of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in Crocidosema sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from Brazil.

Background: Crocidosema aporema (Walsingham 1914) has historically been the main bud borer species in soybean in Brazil; however, a recent study reported that this species is not C. aporema but an undescribed species. In recent seasons, injury by Crocidosema sp.

Risk of Variceal Bleeding in Patients Receiving Atezolizumab-Bevacizumab Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Real-world data on the variceal bleeding (VB) risk in patients receiving atezolizumab-bevacizumab (Atezo-Bev) treatment remain limited. This study aimed to assess the risk of VB and identify risk factors in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving Atezo-Bev treatment.

Methods: This retrospective study included 640 patients with HCC who underwent endoscopy before Atezo-Bev treatment at two hospitals in Korea.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting as Anorexia Nervosa in a Middle-Aged Woman: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with multisystemic involvement and unclear etiology. Although SLE could be linked to multiple neuropsychiatric manifestations, the co-occurrence of anorexia nervosa was only described through a few case reports that mainly affected children and adolescents.

Case Presentation: a 40-year-old Filipina woman presented to hospital with a 3-day history of agitation, anorexia and auditory hallucinations.

Changes in Serum Immunoglobulin Levels Play as Predictors of Treatment Response and Prognosis in Pediatric Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome During the Remission Phase.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is an immune-mediated renal disorder characterized by T-cell and B-cell dysfunctions with changes in immunoglobulin (Ig) levels and the IgG:IgM ratio. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether the serum level of Igs can be considered as an index to predict the response to treatment and the prognosis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children in the remission phase.

Methods: The study population consisted of 38 children with INS in the remission phase and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy children.

Severe Neonatal Asphyxia Associated with Ureaplasma urealyticum Infection: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) is a common microorganism that has been associated with a variety of obstetric and neonatal complications, such as infertility, stillbirth, histologic chorioamnionitis, neonatal sepsis, respiratory infections, and central nervous system infections. However, it is rare for it to cause severe neonatal asphyxia. This rarity is the focus of our case report, which aims to highlight the potential severity of UU infections in newborns.

Vision impairment in boys recruited to the iREAD study.

Background: Uncorrected refractive error is reported to be the most common cause globally of vision impairment in school age children. However, little is known about the extent of uncorrected refractive error in Israel. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of vision impairment in schoolchildren recruited for the Israel Refraction, Environment, And Devices (iREAD) Study.

Adverse childhood experiences, sleep quality/duration and later-life lower extremity function among older adults in China: evidence from CHARLS.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), sleep, and lower extremity function in older adults using a nationally representative cohort.

Methods: This study included 4,439 participants aged 60 years or older (mean age: 67.2 ± 5.