Covid-19 pandemic-related changes in teleworking, emotional exhaustion, and occupational burnout: a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted significant shifts to teleworking, raising questions about potential impacts on employee wellbeing. This study examined the association between self-reported changes to teleworking frequency (relative to before the pandemic) and two indicators of occupational burnout: emotional exhaustion and professionally diagnosed burnout.

Methods: Data were derived from two samples from a digital cohort study based in Geneva, Switzerland: one population-based, and one from a sample of workers who were likely mobilized in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Perceived financial hardship and sleep in an adult population-based cohort: The mediating role of psychosocial and lifestyle-related factors.

Background: Social inequalities in sleep have been reported, but there is less research on the mechanisms underlying this association. This study investigates the relationship between financial hardship and sleep within the general adult population, focusing on the mediating effects of psychosocial and lifestyle-related factors.

Methods: We used data from the Specchio cohort, a population-based study in Geneva, Switzerland, initiated in December 2020.

Individualization of piperacillin dosage based on therapeutic drug monitoring with or without model-informed precision dosing: a scenario analysis.

Background: Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) combines population pharmacokinetic knowledge with therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to optimize dosage adjustment. It could improve target concentration attainment over empirical TDM, still widely practised for broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Objectives: To evaluate the respective performance of TDM and MIPD in achieving target piperacillin exposure.

Episiotomies and obstetric anal sphincter injuries following a restrictive episiotomy policy in France: An analysis of the 2010, 2016, and 2021 National Perinatal Surveys.

Background: The French guidelines have recommended a restrictive policy of episiotomy since 2005. We aimed to assess variations in the prevalence of both episiotomy and obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) from the 2010, 2016, and 2021 National Perinatal Surveys.

Methods And Findings: A total of 29,750 women who had given birth to a live infant by vaginal delivery were included.

Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity and Offspring Intelligence Quotient at 5 Years: A Multicohort Analysis.

Background: The relationship between maternal obesity and childhood cognitive development remains unclear. Prior studies did not adjust for important confounders, and preterm infants are a developmentally distinct group that remains scarcely examined.

Objectives: To determine whether maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with offspring intelligence quotient (IQ) up to 5 years and whether this relationship varies with gestational age.

Ligand-Induced Activation of Single-Atom Palladium Heterogeneous Catalysts for Cross-Coupling Reactions.

Single-atom heterogeneous catalysts (SACs) are potential, recoverable alternatives to soluble organometallic complexes for cross-coupling reactions in fine-chemical synthesis. When developing SACs for these applications, it is often expected that the need for ligands, which are essential for organometallic catalysts, can be bypassed. Contrary to that, ligands remain almost always required for palladium atoms stabilized on commonly used functionalized carbon and carbon nitride supports, as the catalysts otherwise show limited activity.

Association between the EAT-Lancet Diet, Incidence of Cardiovascular Events, and All-Cause Mortality: Results from a Swiss Cohort.

Background: An unhealthy diet is a major contributor to several noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death worldwide. Additionally, our food system has significant impacts on the environment. The EAT-Lancet Commission has recommended a healthy diet that preserves global environmental resources.

The relationship between muscle mass changes and protein or energy intake in critically ill children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Survivorship after pediatric critical illness is high in developed countries, but many suffer physical morbidities afterwards. The increasing focus on follow-up after critical illness has led to more pediatric studies reporting muscle mass changes (using ultrasound), albeit with different results. A systematic literature review was undertaken examining muscle mass changes, assessed by ultrasound of the quadriceps femoris muscle in children who are critically ill.

The extended and advanced clinical practices of radiographers worldwide: A scoping review.

Aims: This scoping review aimed to (1) map the global evidence on extended and advanced clinical practices (ACP) performed by radiographers, and (2) provide an overview of the pillars (clinical practice, leadership and management, education, and research) they relate to, as well as the radiology areas and the geographical location where they were developed.

Methods: Articles were searched in MEDLINE, CINAHL and Embase, and grey literature in ProQuest Dissertation and Theses. Studies concerning radiographers or healthcare professionals with an equivalent title (e.

Validity of Linear and Nonlinear Measures of Gait Variability to Characterize Aging Gait with a Single Lower Back Accelerometer.

The attractor complexity index (ACI) is a recently developed gait analysis tool based on nonlinear dynamics. This study assesses ACI's sensitivity to attentional demands in gait control and its potential for characterizing age-related changes in gait patterns. Furthermore, we compare ACI with classical gait metrics to determine its efficacy relative to established methods.

Effects of a 1-year piano intervention on cognitive flexibility in older adults.

We analyzed the data of a randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of piano practice on cognitive flexibility in healthy older adults. Participants ( = 153, 69.5 ± 3.

Biodegradation and mechanical performance of Silane-chitosan-graphene oxide composite coating on AZ31 magnesium alloys for biomedical applications.

Biodegradable magnesium alloy medical implants have attracted considerable interest thanks to their remarkable biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, the rapid corrosion rate of magnesium alloys in physiological environments presents a major challenge to their practical application. Therefore, this study attempted to design a silane/chitosan /graphene oxide composite coating that reduces the corrosion and enhances the biodegradation of magnesium alloys used in temporary implants.

Comprehensive analysis of total knee arthroplasty kinematics and functional recovery: Exploring full-body gait deviations in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Total Knee Arthroplasty has well-established success in relieving knee pain and improving function but patients do not reach functional levels of control groups after surgery and 20% of patients remain unsatisfied. To understand the different patient profiles and develop patient-specific approaches of care, functional phenotypes based on knee biomechanics during gait have been evaluated. To widen the understanding of patient's function, it seems crucial to consider the gait devieations at the whole body level.

Epileptiform activity in brain organoids derived from patient with Glucose Transporter 1 Deficiency Syndrome.

Introduction: Glucose Transporter 1-Deficiency Syndrome (GLUT1-DS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding for GLUT1 and characterized by impaired glucose uptake in the brain. This leads to brain hypometabolism and the development of symptoms that include epilepsy, motor dysfunctions and cognitive impairment. The development of patient-specific models is a valuable tool for understanding the pathophysiology of rare genetic disorders and testing new therapeutic interventions.

AI-Driven Electrical Fast Transient Suppression for Enhanced Electromagnetic Interference Immunity in Inductive Smart Proximity Sensors.

Inductive proximity sensors are relevant in position-sensing applications in many industries but, in order to be used in harsh industrial environments, they need to be immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI). The use of conventional filters to mitigate these perturbations often compromises signal bandwidth, ranging from 100 Hz to 1.6 kHz.

Barriers and facilitators influencing the choice of a vegetarian menu in a university cafeteria.

This cross-sectional study examined the barriers and facilitators that influence vegetarian menu choices in a university cafeteria in Geneva, Switzerland. As a first step, an online survey developed by the authors based on the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behaviour (COM-B) model was e-mailed to all university students and staff. In the second step, focus groups (FG) were held to complete the survey responses and identify what needed to be changed to promote the choice of the vegetarian menu in the cafeteria.

"The leadership shown by nurses gave me such a boost": health resources used by nurses who experienced COVID-19 pandemic stressors.

Purpose: To thoroughly describe 1) the stressors experienced by nurses during the first waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, 2) the extent to which experiencing these stressors affected nurses' psychological and physical health and 3) the health resources nurses used to protect and maintain their psychological and physical health during this period.

Method: We used a theory-driven descriptive qualitative design and conducted seven focus groups of 2-5 nurses (total = 23 nurses) distinguished by their degree of contact with COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Switzerland.

Results: A thematic analysis identified three main themes and their respective sub-themes: 1) Lived experiences and stressors (Living in a strange world; Hard work alone behind closed doors; Contaminating or being contaminated; Living at home behind closed doors; A war of attrition after the first wave); 2) Health (Everything is fine; Multiple traumas; Stress; Long-term exhaustion); 3) Resources (Societal and institutional resources; Direct relational resources; Resources specific to individuals).

The mediatory role of androgens on sex differences in glucose homeostasis and incidence of type 2 diabetes: the KORA study.

Background: Sex differences exist in type 2 diabetes (T2D), and androgens have been implicated in the etiology of T2D in a sex-specific manner. We therefore aimed to investigate whether androgens play a role in explaining sex differences in glucose homeostasis and incidence of T2D.

Methods: We used observational data from the German population-based KORA F4 study (n = 1975, mean age: 54 years, 41% women) and its follow-up examination KORA FF4 (median follow-up 6.

Facilitating and limiting factors in the implementation of Revie ⊕ among registered nurses: A multimethod study.

Purpose: People with advanced cancer face long-term physical, psychological, and existential challenges. Revie ⊕ is a life review intervention based on building the strengths and resources of these patients. A randomized clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention on self-esteem, well-being, personal development, life satisfaction and perceived interaction with registered nurses.

State of the art of real-life concentration monitoring of rifampicin and its implementation contextualized in resource-limited settings: the Tanzanian case.

The unique medical and socio-economic situation in each country affected by TB creates different epidemiological contexts, thus providing exploitable loopholes for the spread of the disease. Country-specific factors such as comorbidities, health insurance, social stigma or the rigidity of the health system complicate the management of TB and the overall outcome of each patient. First-line TB drugs are administered in a standardized manner, regardless of patient characteristics other than weight.

Large Scale Ultrafast Manufacturing of Wireless Soft Bioelectronics Enabled by Autonomous Robot Arm Printing Assisted by a Computer Vision-Enabled Guidance System for Personalized Wound Healing.

A Customized wound patch for Advanced tissue Regeneration with Electric field (CARE), featuring an autonomous robot arm printing system guided by a computer vision-enabled guidance system for fast image recognition is introduced. CARE addresses the growing demand for flexible, stretchable, and wireless adhesive bioelectronics tailored for electrotherapy, which is suitable for rapid adaptation to individual patients and practical implementation in a comfortable design. The visual guidance system integrating a 6-axis robot arm enables scans from multiple angles to provide a 3D map of complex and curved wounds.

Importance of Sex-Dependent Differences for Dosing Selection and Optimization of Chemotherapeutic Drugs.

Background: Despite major advances in cancer treatment in the past years, there is a need to optimize chemotherapeutic drug dosing strategies to reduce toxicities, suboptimal responses, and the risk of relapse. Most cancer drugs have a narrow therapeutic index with substantial pharmacokinetics variability. Yet, current dosing approaches do not fully account for the complex pathophysiological characteristics of the patients.

Primary care physician eHealth profile and care coordination: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Digital health holds promise for enhancing care coordination and supporting patient self-management. However, various barriers, including at the healthcare professional level, hinder its adoption. This cross-sectional study explored the eHealth profile of primary care physicians and its relationship with care coordination.