NIRVANA-1: maintenance therapy with niraparib versus niraparib-bevacizumab in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Following the results of the PRIMA and PAOLA-1 trials, the most effective maintenance strategy for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III patients is still debated, raising the question which of those two maintenance strategies is the most effective: PARP inhibitors alone or PARP inhibitors in combination with bevacizumab. The ongoing NIRVANA-1 study will try to answer this question by assessing the efficacy and safety of niraparib + bevacizumab in comparison with niraparib alone after adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected stage III patients. Stratification factors include tumor status, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage (IIIA vs IIIB/IIIC) and the use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy during surgery - within the OVHIPEC-2 trial.

HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: Available Treatments and Current Developments.

For several years, the overexpression of the HER2 receptor in breast cancer has been correlated with a poor prognosis and an increased risk of developing brain metastases. Currently, the combination of anti-HER2 double blockade and taxane and trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) are considered the standard treatments for metastatic breast cancer overexpressing these receptors in the first and second line. Very recently, the development of a new antidrug conjugate, trastuzumab-deruxtecan, has improved the overall survival of patients, even in second-line treatment.

Comparative roadmaps of reprogramming and oncogenic transformation identify Bcl11b and Atoh8 as broad regulators of cellular plasticity.

Coordinated changes of cellular plasticity and identity are critical for pluripotent reprogramming and oncogenic transformation. However, the sequences of events that orchestrate these intermingled modifications have never been comparatively dissected. Here, we deconvolute the cellular trajectories of reprogramming (via Oct4/Sox2/Klf4/c-Myc) and transformation (via Ras/c-Myc) at the single-cell resolution and reveal how the two processes intersect before they bifurcate.

Efficacy and safety of high-dose lanreotide autogel in patients with progressive pancreatic or midgut neuroendocrine tumours: CLARINET FORTE phase 2 study results.

Introduction: This prospective, single-arm, phase 2 study assessed the efficacy and safety of lanreotide autogel (LAN) administered at a reduced dosing interval in patients with progressive neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) after LAN standard regimen.

Methods: Patients had metastatic or locally advanced, grade 1 or 2 midgut NETs or pancreatic NETs (panNETs) and centrally assessed disease progression on LAN 120 mg every 28 days. They were treated with LAN 120 mg every 14 days for up to 96 weeks (midgut cohort) or 48 weeks (panNET cohort).

Cemiplimab in locally advanced basal cell carcinoma after hedgehog inhibitor therapy: an open-label, multi-centre, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Before February, 2021, there was no standard treatment regimen for locally advanced basal cell carcinoma after first-line hedgehog inhibitor (HHI) therapy. Cemiplimab, a PD-1 antibody, is approved for treatment of advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and has shown clinical activity as monotherapy in first-line non-small-cell lung cancer. Here, we present the primary analysis data of cemiplimab in patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma after HHI therapy.

The value of BRCA-1-associated protein 1 expression and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A deletion to distinguish peritoneal malignant mesothelioma from peritoneal location of carcinoma in effusion cytology specimens.

Objective: Diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM), represents 30% of all malignant mesothelioma, and is characterised by a difficult diagnosis and different presentations. Immunohistochemistry has improved the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in the differential diagnosis between metastatic adenocarcinoma and malignant mesothelioma, and loss of BRCA-1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) expression is correlated with BAP1 somatic or constitutional genetic defects. Furthermore, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) is frequently lost in DMPM.

Phase 1b Study of Trebananib Plus Paclitaxel and Trastuzumab in Patients With HER2-Positive Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Trebananib, a peptide-Fc fusion protein, blocks angiogenesis by inhibiting binding of angiopoietin-1/2 to the receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2. Trebananib plus trastuzumab and paclitaxel was evaluated in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer in an open-label phase 1b clinical study.

Patients And Methods: Women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer received weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m), trastuzumab (8 mg/m then 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks), and intravenous trebananib (10 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg weekly) beginning week 2.

PD-L1 Expression in Premalignant and Malignant Trophoblasts From Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases Is Ubiquitous and Independent of Clinical Outcomes.

Objective: Recently reported expression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) in gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) suggests that the immune tolerance of pregnancy might be hijacked during neoplastic process. We assessed PD-L1 protein expression in premalignant and malignant GTD lesions and analyzed associations with disease severity and chemotherapy outcomes.

Methods: We included 83 GTD whole-tissue sections from 76 patients in different treatment settings.

Preoperative chemoradiation with paclitaxel-carboplatin or with fluorouracil-oxaliplatin-folinic acid (FOLFOX) for resectable esophageal and junctional cancer: the PROTECT-1402, randomized phase 2 trial.

Background: Often curative treatment for locally advanced resectable esophageal or gastro-esophageal junctional cancer consists of concurrent neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy followed by surgery. Currently, one of the most commonly used chemotherapy regimens in this setting is a combination of a fluoropyrimidin and of a platinum analogue. Due to the promising results of the recent CROSS trial, another regimen combining paclitaxel and carboplatin is also widely used by European and American centers.

Genomic copy number alterations in 33 malignant peritoneal mesothelioma analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization array.

Malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas (MPM) are rare, accounting for approximately 8% of cases of mesothelioma in France. We performed comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) on frozen MPM samples using the Agilent Human Genome CGH 180 K array. Samples were taken from a total of 33 French patients, comprising 20 men and 13 women with a mean (range) age of 58.

First-Line Treatments for Poor-Prognosis Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Experts' Prescribing Practices and Systematic Literature Review.

Background And Objectives: No head-to-head clinical trials are available to help physicians in the decision-making process of first-line therapy in poor-prognosis metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The objectives of our study were to identify experts' prescribing practices and to review available clinical data in first-line therapies for poor-prognosis metastatic RCC (mRCC).

Methods: Thirteen RCC experts were asked to fill in a self-administered questionnaire evaluating prescribing practices.

Telomere length is a prognostic biomarker in elderly advanced ovarian cancer patients: a multicenter GINECO study.

Purpose: Age induces a progressive decline in functional reserve and impacts cancer treatments. Telomere attrition leads to tissue senescence. We tested the hypothesis that telomere length (TL) could predict patient vulnerability and outcome with cancer treatment.