Assessing the relationship of recommended diarrhea case management practices with the nutritional status of children aged between 0 to 59.9 months.

Background: Paediatric diarrhoea and malnutrition have a bidirectional relationship, which in turn augments the presence of each other. The diarrhoeal diseases in children can be prevented by using (ORS) and . The relationship between paediatric diarrhoea treatment guidelines with the nutritional status is not yet investigated, and this study primarily aims to examine the relationship of recommended diarrhoea case management practices with paediatric undernutrition (wasting, stunting and underweight) among children aged between 0 to 59 months.

Burnout level evaluation of undergraduate dental college students at middle eastern university.

Background: Pressure faced by dental students from academic activities, clinical skills training, and patient care may lead to high stress and potential burnout, negatively impacting their well-being and patient safety.

Aim: The study aimed to explore the burnout level of dental students at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia and to identify the factors that are associated with the level of burnout.

Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Dental College, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, from January to February 2024.

Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Variations in Healthy Elderly Individuals of Taxila City, Pakistan.

Background and objectives Oral mucosal variations, though significant in the aging population, remain under-researched regarding their prevalence and characteristics in local Pakistani population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of normal oral mucosal variations in the elderly population, providing insights to aid clinicians and researchers. Methodology This cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was conducted over four months, from December 2023 to March 2024, in the Department of Oral Medicine at HITEC Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS) Dental College, Taxila, Pakistan.

Effect of hot saline irrigation on the operative field during endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Control of bleeding is very important during endoscopic sinus surgery. Saline heated up to 50 °C causes dilatation of vessels and edema without nasal mucosa necrosis. It also promotes the clotting cascade so helps in having a bloodless procedure.

Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Their Association With Coronary Artery Disease in Pakistani Adults.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially coronary artery disease (CAD), are a major health burden, and their incidence is rising in countries like Pakistan.

Objective: The objective of this research was to assess the prevalence and association of cardiovascular risk factors with CAD in Pakistani adults.

Methodology: The research was carried out from January 2023 to December 2023 at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Islamabad and Shifa International Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan, using a cross-sectional design.

Rupture of sinus of Valsalva in a young laborer: A rare case report.

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva (RSOV) upon physical exertion is rare but should be considered in differential in young adults. Symptoms of acute heart failure, hemodynamic instability, and continuous heart murmur raises suspicion for RSOV and requires emergent surgical repair of right ventricular outflow tract.

Changes in complacency to adherence to COVID-19 preventive behavioral measures and mental health after COVID-19 vaccination among medical and dental healthcare professionals.

Medical and dental professionals should continue to adhere to preventive measures after COVID-19 vaccination due to their increased risk of exposure to the virus, particularly as new variants emerge that may heighten their risk perception and susceptibility. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on complacency to adherence to COVID-19 preventive behavioral measures and mental health among medical and dental professionals. In this cross-sectional study 410 medical and dental professionals were recruited from different medical and dental hospitals in Islamabad, Pakistan.

Exploring the experiences of content experts with item vetting during item bank development.

Objective: To explore content experts' experiences with item vetting during item bank development at a public sector medical university of Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Methods: An exploratory study was carried out from December 2022 to February 2023 at a public sector medical college of Rawalpindi. A purposive sampling technique was employed to collect data from all content experts of the study institute who participated in item vetting activity during pre-exam moderation in the university.

Radiology as a career among medical students of Pakistan: A cross-sectional study.

Radiology has become a fundamental constituent of the modern medicine. However, it has been observed that medical students in Pakistan often lack sufficient guidance and education in this field. This study aims to establish whether Pakistani medical students possess the requisite basic knowledge required in radiology and their attitude and perception toward radiology as a potential career path.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: Unveiling clinical presentations, CMR insights and prognosis in a single-center retrospective study.

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a hereditary condition with a prevalence ranging from 1 in 2000 to 1 in 5000 individuals. ARVC is a significant contributor to sudden cardiac death, particularly in young individuals and athletes, and remains challenging to diagnose definitively. We conducted a single-center retrospective study to evaluate the presentations, electrocardiogram findings, and imaging characteristics of ARVC patients evaluated at our center between 2021 and 2023.

Evaluating empathy level amongst the dental students using jefferson scale of physician empathy- health professional students.

Background: Empathy is described as one's ability to perceive and apprehend another person's feelings, situation, emotions, and problems as their own. Empathetic behavior increases patients' satisfaction, reduces discomfort, and helps with patient's satisfaction.

Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Jefferson Empathy Scale and compare the measure of invariance within genders and amongst the public and private sector dental students.

Non-Pharmacological approach for the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Treatment of Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is becoming a challenge. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed but have many risks, particularly in long-term use. In an earlier pilot study, we have reported benefits of short-term practice of a new life-style, two meals a day with only liquids in between, for management of GERD.

Paget's Disease of Bone: A Rare Incidence in Early Adult Life in Pakistan, Southeast Asia.

Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a focal disorder of skeletal remodeling leading to alteration of bony structures and properties, uncommonly reported in people under the age of 40 years, particularly in the Southeast Asia region. In the literature, PDB has been well reported in regions of Europe, in contrast to Asia where there has been limited records of prevalence of PDM especially in the younger age population. Here, we report a 21-year-old male patient presenting with an advanced disease with complaints of auditory impairment, bone pain, and neurological signs due to compression of the interverbal disc developed progressively over two months, having an elevated serum alkaline phosphatase level of 601 IU/L.

Investigating the nutraceutical potential of apple peel extract supplementation for regulating the glucose metabolism in hyperlipidemic Female human subjects.

Hyperglycemia is a condition often observed in diabetics, dyslipidemia and obese. It is a major factor behind the development of diabetes and the reasons can be genetics, environmental factors, dietary choices and obesity. Many medicinal plants have anti-diabetic potential.

Temporal Changes in Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Organisms in Acute Care Surgery.

Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing organisms are resistant to a wide range of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and their emergence is a significant driving force of antibiotic resistance. Most South-Asian countries have become hotspots for antibiotic resistance, so specifics of ESBL data are critical to tackling antibiotic resistance. We present the temporal changes in ESBL-producing organisms cultured in our tertiary care referral centre.

Association of Vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term PPIs use: A cohort study.

Background: Proton Pump inhibitors are widely used among the majority of the world's population as acid-suppressing medications. Proton Pump Inhibitors have been reported to cause intestinal damage and adverse gut microbiota changes affecting several mechanisms, including malabsorption, etc.

Aim: In order to gain a deeper understanding, we conducted a cohort analysis to assess the prevalence & association of Vitamin B12 deficiency in patients on long-term use of PPIs.

Establishment of a Robust and Reproducible Model of Radiation-Induced Skin and Muscle Fibrosis.

Radiation-induced skin fibrosis (RISF) can result from a plethora of scenarios including cancer therapy, accidental exposure, or acts of terrorism. Radioactive beams can penetrate through the skin and affect the structures in their path including skin, muscles, and internal organs. Skin is the first structure to get exposed to radiation and is susceptible to develop chronic fibrosis, which is challenging to treat.

COVID-19: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

In late February 2021, a prothrombotic syndrome was encountered for the first time in some of the recipients of ChAdOx1 CoV-19 vaccine (AstraZeneca, University of Oxford, and Serum Institute of India). Since the hallmark of this syndrome is the development of thrombocytopenia and/or thrombosis between 4 and 42 days after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine, it was named vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). Other names include "vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia" and "thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome" by the Centers for Disease Control and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Barriers And Facilitators To Write Good Quality MCQS For Dental Assessments: A Qualitative Case Study.

Background: To explore barriers and facilitators to write good quality items for undergraduate dental assessments.

Methods: A qualitative case study was conducted from Feb-April 2021. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of eighteen item writers from a public-sector dental institute of Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Exome sequencing reveals the first intragenic deletion in ABCA5 underlying autosomal recessive hypertrichosis.

Background: Hereditary hypertrichosis (HH) is characterized by excessive hair growth on various body areas, which is independent of the individual's age. This rare hair disorder has been classified by its origin (genetic or acquired), age of onset, breadth of hair distribution (universal or localized) and the affected body areas. HH is often linked to several additional congenital abnormalities involving teeth, heart and bones.