Remote disruption of intestinal homeostasis by Mycobacterium abscessus is detrimental to Drosophila survival.

Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabs), an intracellular and opportunistic pathogen, is considered the most pathogenic fast-growing mycobacterium, and causes severe pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. While bacterial factors contributing to its pathogenicity are well studied, the host factors and responses that worsen Mabs infection are not fully understood. Here, we report that Mabs systemic infection alters Drosophila melanogaster intestinal homeostasis.

Efficacy and Safety of Bintrafusp Alfa, a Bifunctional Fusion Protein Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β and Programmed Death-Ligand 1, Plus Chemotherapy in Patients With Stage IV NSCLC.

Introduction: In a phase 1 study, bintrafusp alfa was found to have an encouraging clinical activity in patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of bintrafusp alfa with chemotherapy in patients with stage IV NSCLC regardless of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression status.

Methods: In this open-label, phase 1b/2 study (NCT03840915), eligible patients were assigned to one of four cohorts.

What is the lower limb length discrepancy after arthroplasty for proximal femoral fracture? A prospective, multicenter observational study of 590 hips.

Introduction: Lower limb length discrepancy (LLD) following hip arthroplasty after proximal femoral fracture (PFFA) is little studied. The aim of this work was to answer the following questions: 1) What are the incidence and mean values ​​of LLD after PFFA? 2) What are the clinical consequences (tolerance) of LLD after PFFA? 3) Can we identify risk factors for LLD after PFFA? 4) Is there a significant difference in terms of LLD after PFFA to treat intra- versus extra-capsular fractures?

Hypothesis: LLD after proximal femoral fracture arthroplasty is rare but has good clinical tolerance, given the low functional demands of the patients.

Patients And Methods: This is a multicenter prospective observational cohort study (15 centers), including 590 patients, operated on for hip arthroplasty for proximal femur fracture between May 2022 and June 2023.

Safety of Fertility Treatments in Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Data From a Prospective Population-Based Study.

Objective: To assess safety of fertility treatments in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Design: Data from the multicentre French observational GR2 (Groupe de Recherche sur la Grossesse et les Maladies Rares) study (2014-ongoing).

Setting: Seventy-six centres in France.

[Cataract surgery training in France: Analysis of the results of the European Board of Ophthalmology survey in the French cohort].

Objective: This study aims to present and analyze the results of the French cohort in a European Board of Ophthalmology (EBO) survey on cataract surgical training in Europe, highlighting the particularities of French training.

Materials And Methods: A 23-question electronic questionnaire was sent to interns applying for the EBO examination from 2018 to 2022. Responses from French participants were specifically collected and analyzed.

Does the time between doses in an unintentional double dose bupropion exposure affect the incidence of adverse effects? A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Unintentional therapeutic errors with bupropion are common. The impact of the timing of the second dose in a double dose exposure on adverse effects is not well studied. This study aims to compare adverse effects between double doses separated by <720 min and ≥720 min.

The First Lugano Workshop on the role of adenomyosis in ART.

Adenomyosis is an important clinical condition with uncertain prevalence, and clinical focus on adenomyosis in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) has increased during recent years. Recognizing the limited clinical knowledge on the impact of adenomyosis on ART outcomes, the First Lugano Adenomyosis Workshop was a symposium involving experts in the field of adenomyosis, covering basic research, imaging, surgery and infertility to highlight current advances and future research areas over a wide range of topics related to adenomyosis. Adenomyosis is characterized by altered oestrogen and progesterone signalling pathways.

Prognostic value of circulating tumor DNA at diagnosis and its early decrease after one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. An ancillary analysis of the CHIVA phase II GINECO trial.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic impact of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection at diagnosis (T0) and its early decrease after one cycle (T1) of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) included in the CHIVA trial (NCT01583322).

Methods: Blood samples were collected at T0 and before each administration of NACT. Circulating tumor DNA detection was performed by next-generation sequencing.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Tebentafusp in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: A Real-life Retrospective Multicentre Study.

Metastatic uveal melanoma is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. Usual treatments have not proven effective. Tebentafusp, a bispecific protein targeting melanoma cells and T lymphocytes, is the first approved treatment with a proven survival benefit in a randomized clinical.

Relationship between donor source, pre-transplant measurable residual disease, and outcome after allografting for adults with acute myeloid leukemia.

Lack of HLA-matched related/unrelated donor remains a barrier to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with ongoing uncertainty about optimal donor type if more than one alternative donor is available. To assess the relationship between donor type, pre-HCT measurable residual disease (MRD), and post-HCT outcomes, we retrospectively analyzed 1265 myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS)/AML and AML patients allografted in first or second remission with an HLA-matched sibling (MSD) or unrelated donor (MUD), HLA-mismatched unrelated donor (MMD), an HLA-haploidentical donor, or umbilical cord blood (UCB) at a single institution. Relapse risk was non-significantly higher after HLA-haploidentical and lower after UCB HCT.

Circulatory response to exercise relative to oxygen uptake assessed in the follow-up of patients with fatty acid beta-oxidation disorders.

Patients with fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs) experience muscle symptoms due to impaired ATP metabolism and the toxicity of accumulated mitochondrial FAO substrates or intermediates, especially during catabolic states. A major issue is the absence of specific and sensible biomarkers to evaluate metabolic equilibrium. The relationship between cardiac output (Q) and oxygen consumption (VO) during incremental exercise (dQ/dVO) provides an indirect surrogate of mitochondrial function.

Tabletop Simulations in Medical Emergencies: A Scoping Review.

Tabletop simulations (TTS) are a novel educational modality used in health care education. The objective of this scoping review was to describe the use of TTS in medical emergencies, specifically settings, specialties, participants, formats, and outcomes.We included 70 studies (33 descriptive studies [47%], 33 cohort studies [47%], and 2 randomized controlled trials [3%]), of which 65 reported positive results regarding reaction and learning educational outcomes (reaction: n = 37, 53%; learning: n = 25, 36%; behavior: n = 7, 10%; result: n = 1, 1%).

Cyclophostin and Cyclipostins analogues counteract macrolide-induced resistance mediated by erm(41) in Mycobacterium abscessus.

Background: Mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging pathogen causing severe pulmonary infections, particularly in individuals with underlying conditions, such as cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Macrolides, such as clarithromycin (CLR) or azithromycin (AZM), represent the cornerstone of antibiotherapy against the M. abscessus species.

Economic burden of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis in France: a nation-wide population-based study using the French medico-administrative (SNDS) claims database.

Objectives: Data on the economic consequences of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Lupus Nephritis (LN) are scarce in Europe. We aimed to estimate the total direct costs attributable to SLE and LN in France, at the nation-wide level.

Methods: Patients with SLE and LN were identified in the French nation-wide health insurance database (SNDS).

A comprehensive experience-based framework of actionable priorities to enhance Canada's health and social care system: discussions with older persons, clinicians, managers, and decision-makers using nominal group technique.

Background: Existing frameworks of older persons' experiences in health and social care systems are usually based on single stakeholder perspectives and focused on limited aspects that are independent from one another. This study aimed to describe such experiences from the perspective of diverse stakeholders and develop a comprehensive experience-based framework for actionable priorities to enhance Canada's health and social care system.

Methods: We adapted a nominal group technique with a qualitative approach.

Work Participation of Hematological Cancer Survivors After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a common treatment for people diagnosed with hematological cancers. However, it can cause side effects that may affect work participation. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the factors that influence the work participation of hematological cancer survivors who have undergone HCT.

Formulating recommendations to improve care for persons living with dementia: deliberative dialogues with multiple stakeholders in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Background: Persons living with dementia and their care partners encounter many challenges within the health and social care system, including lack of information, support, counselling, and access to community services, as well as significant staff turnover in home care services. The objective of this study was to work with multiple stakeholders to formulate relevant and feasible recommendations to improve care for persons living with dementia and their care partners in Quebec, Canada.

Methods: We conducted deliberative dialogues in the context of a large mixed methods study on the care of persons living with dementia and care partners.

Building Timely Consensus Among Diverse Stakeholders: An Adapted Nominal Group Technique.

Purpose: Building timely consensus among diverse stakeholders is important in primary health care research. Consensus can be obtained using the nominal group technique which includes 5 steps: (1) introduction and explanation; (2) silent generation of ideas; (3) sharing ideas; (4) discussion; and (5) voting and ranking. The main challenges in using this technique are a lack of representation of different stakeholder opinions and the amount of time taken to reach consensus.

Thyroidectomy without radioiodine in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer: 5 years of follow-up of the prospective randomised ESTIMABL2 trial.

Background: ESTIMABL2, a multicentre randomised phase 3 trial in patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (ie, pT1am or pT1b, N0 [no evidence of regional nodal involvement] or Nx [involvement of regional lymph nodes that cannot be assessed in the absence of neck dissection]), showed the non-inferiority of a follow-up strategy without radioactive iodine (I) administration compared with a postoperative I administration at 3 years post-randomisation. Here, we report a pre-specified analysis after 5 years of follow-up.

Methods: Patients treated with total thyroidectomy with or without prophylactic neck lymph node dissection, without postoperative suspicious findings on neck ultrasonography, were randomly assigned to the no-radioiodine group or to the radioiodine group (1·1 GBq-30 mCi after recombinant human thyrotropin-stimulating hormone).

Brain MR-only workflow in clinical practice: A comparison among generators for quality assurance and patient positioning.

Background And Purpose: Routine quality control procedures are still required for sCT based on artificial intelligence (AI) to verify the performance of the generators. The aim of this study was to evaluate three generators based on AI or bulk density (BD) assignment for the patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) of another AI-based generator in clinical routine. A patient positioning study based on 2D/2D kV-image comparing the performances of four sCT generators was also performed.