Unexplained disabling and long-lasting cough: a case report.

Background: A 51-year-old woman was referred to our department due to chronic dry cough lasting six years without an etiological diagnosis. The patient suffered from chronic deterioration in her quality of life due to a persistent cough that sounded like a barking seal.

Case Presentation: A severe form of malacia involving the inferior third of trachea and the main bronchi was diagnosed.

Prioritisation of infectious diseases from a public health perspective: a multi-criteria decision analysis study, France, 2024.

BackgroundWithin the International Health Regulations framework, the French High Council for Public Health was mandated in 2022 by health authorities to establish a list of priority infectious diseases for public health, surveillance and research in mainland and overseas France.AimOur objective was to establish this list.MethodsA multi-criteria decision analysis was used, as recommended by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.

Nutritional quality of diet characterized by the Nutri-Score profiling system and cardiovascular disease risk: a prospective study in 7 European countries.

Background: Nutri-Score is a scientifically validated 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label reflecting the nutrient profile of foods. It has been implemented in several European countries on a voluntary basis, pending the revision of the European labeling regulation. Hence, scientific evidence is needed regarding the ability of the nutrient profile underlying the Nutri-Score (uNS-NPS, 2023-updated version) to characterize healthier foods.

Chromosomal abnormalities in oocyte donor candidates: a French survey of over 8,200 karyotypes.

Objective: To study karyotypes of >8,200 oocyte donor candidates in nulliparous or multiparous women compared with a reference population.

Design: A retrospective observational multicentric study.

Setting: University Hospital Centers.

C-section and systemic inflammation synergize to disrupt the neonatal gut microbiota and brain development in a model of prematurity.

Infants born very preterm (below 28 weeks of gestation) are at high risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders, such as intellectual deficiency, autism spectrum disorders, and attention deficit. Preterm birth often occurs in the context of perinatal systemic inflammation due to chorioamnionitis and postnatal sepsis. In addition, C-section is often performed for very preterm neonates to avoid hypoxia during a vaginal delivery.

[Prevention strategy for invasive meningococcal disease].

PREVENTION STRATEGY FOR INVASIVE MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE. The prevention strategy for invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) includes vaccination and antibiotic prophylaxis in the vicinity of a case. IMD is unpredictable, difficult to recognize at an early stage, and very severe, with a mortality rate about 10 %, and 20 to 25 % of survivors suffering from permanent disabling sequelae that impact their quality of life.

New Insights on In Vitro Maturation of Oocytes for Fertility Preservation.

In the last decade, the evolution of oncofertility has sparked a resurgence of interest in in vitro maturation (IVM) due to its suitability in certain oncological scenarios where controlled ovarian hyperstimulation may not be feasible. The retrieval of immature cumulus-oocyte complexes from small antral follicles, regardless of the menstrual cycle phase, presents a swift opportunity to vitrify mature oocytes or embryos post-IVM in urgent situations or when stimulation is not advisable. Harvesting immature cumulus-oocyte complexes and immature oocytes can be achieved transvaginally or directly in the laboratory from extracorporeal ovarian tissue.

Cancer associated variant enrichment CAVE, a gene agnostic approach to identify low burden variants in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Intratumoral heterogeneity is an important clinical challenge because low burden clones expressing specific genetic alterations drive therapeutic resistance mechanisms. We have developed CAVE (cancer-associated variant enrichment), a gene-agnostic computational tool to identify specific enrichment of low-burden cancer driver variants in next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. For this study, CAVE was applied to TP53 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as a cancer model.

Clinical, biological, prognostic characteristics of patients with immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and Sjögren's disease.

Objectives: The association between immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) and Sjögren disease (SjD) has been poorly investigated. This study presents the first retrospective cohort of iTTP-SjD aiming to identify risk factors for iTTP occurrence in SjD patients and examine their clinical course.

Methods: Patients with iTTP-SjD were identified within the French TTP Registry based on American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism 2016 criteria.

Efficacy and safety of palliative treatment in patients with autoimmune liver disease-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction And Objectives: Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) are rare causes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and data on the efficacy and tolerability of anti-tumor therapies are scarce. This pan-European study aimed to assess outcomes in AILD-HCC patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) compared with patients with more common HCC etiologies, including viral, alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Materials And Methods: 107 patients with HCC-AILD (AIH:55; PBC:52) treated at 13 European centres between 1996 and 2020 were included.

Promoting Self-Management in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Development of the Impact of Glucose Monitoring on Self-Management Scale.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) management requires behavioural engagement to achieve optimal outcomes and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technologies may facilitate self-management. In this study, we describe the development and validation of a self-report instrument, the Impact of Glucose Monitoring on Self-Management Scale (IGMSS), assessing the impact of device use (primarily CGM but also self-monitored blood glucose [SMBG]) on the capability, motivation, and opportunity to engage in self-management.

Methods: Potential items were generated from 3 sources: themes and quotes from 13 adults with T2D motivated by CGM use who participated in a qualitative study; behaviour change theory identifying capability, opportunity, and motivation to self-manage; and expert committee review of items.

Evaluation of a short training course of chest X-ray interpretation for the diagnosis of paediatric TB.

Background: Chest X-ray (CXR) interpretation is challenging for the diagnosis of paediatric TB. We assessed the performance of a three half-day CXR training module for healthcare workers (HCWs) at low healthcare levels in six high TB incidence countries.

Methods: Within the TB-Speed Decentralization Study, we developed a three half-day training course to identify normal CXR, CXR of good quality and identify six TB-suggestive features.

Anthropology and ethnobotany in health mediation: an illustration of a clinical, personalized approach for Haitian migrants in a French Guianese hospital.

Introduction: In French Guiana, a European territory in Guiana shield in the Amazon area, close to 40% of the current population was born abroad. In this context, it is important to listen to the experiences of migrants to better understand the difficulties encountered within the healthcare pathways. This is the aim of ANRS Parcours d'Haïti project, an epidemiological, biographical and socio-anthropological study conducted on a representative sample of the Haitian community in French Guiana and focusing on the social determinants of health.

Integration of new technologies in the multidisciplinary approach to primary liver tumours: The next-generation tumour board.

Primary liver tumours, including benign liver tumours, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, present a multifaceted challenge, necessitating a collaborative approach, as evidenced by the role of the multidisciplinary tumour board (MDTB). The approach to managing primary liver tumours involves specialised teams, including surgeons, radiologists, oncologists, pathologists, hepatologists, and radiation oncologists, coming together to propose individualised treatment plans. The evolving landscape of primary liver cancer treatment introduces complexities, particularly with the expanding array of systemic and locoregional therapies, alongside the potential integration of molecular biology and artificial intelligence (AI) into MDTBs in the future.

[Taking origins into account in medical reasoning in infectious and tropical diseases? A critical look].

Healthcare discriminations based on one's ethnic background is increasingly being studied in medicine. The scale of the Covid-19 pandemic has played an important role in bringing them to light. Data, although scarce, exist in France.

EASL position paper on clinical follow-up after HCV cure.

Following the advent of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can be cured in almost all infected patients. This has led to a number of clinical questions regarding the optimal management of the millions of patients cured of HCV. This position statement provides specific guidance on the appropriate follow-up after a sustained virological response in patients without advanced fibrosis, those with compensated advanced chronic liver disease, and those with decompensated cirrhosis.

Multiplex microarray PCR Unyvero BCU system to accelerate relevant antimicrobial treatment in polymicrobial bloodstream infection.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of a rapid multiplex microarray-based method (Unyvero BCU system, BCU) to identify microorganisms and detect antimicrobial resistance directly from positive blood culture (BC) bottles with polymicrobial growth, and to assess relevance of information provided for timely guidance of polymicrobial bloodstream infection treatment.

Methods: Accuracy, time-to-actionable results and potential impact of BCU on antimicrobial treatment were compared with those of standard of care during a prospective study for the sample analysis (November 2017-November 2018) and a retrospective study for the clinical data analysis and the time-to-result analysis. The study was complemented with an experimental study, based on spiked blood cultures to assess the ability of the method to detect antimicrobial resistance genes.

Tunable biomimetic materials elaborated by ice templating and self-assembly of collagen for tubular tissue engineering.

Synthetic tubular grafts currently used in clinical context fail frequently, and the expectations that biomimetic materials could tackle these limitations are high. However, developing tubular materials presenting structural, compositional and functional properties close to those of native tissues remains an unmet challenge. Here we describe a combination of ice templating and topotactic fibrillogenesis of type I collagen, the main component of tissues' extracellular matrix, yielding highly concentrated yet porous tubular collagen materials with controlled hierarchical architecture at multiple length scales, the hallmark of native tissues' organization.