CRT-D replacement strategy: results of the BioCONTINUE study.

Background: In patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT-Ds), the need for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) back-up may be questionable at time of CRT-D replacement (REP) if ICD implant criteria are no longer met due to an improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and if no major ventricular arrhythmic event (VAE) occurred during the CRT-D lifetime. The aim of our study was to assess the relevance of ICD back-up and predictors of VAE after REP in primary prevention CRT-D patients.

Methods: The prospective, observational, international BioCONTINUE study investigated the rate of patients with at least 1 sustained VAE (sVAE) post-REP and searched for predictive factors of sVAE.

Slowly absorbable mesh versus standard care in the management of contaminated midline incisional hernia (COMpACT-BIO): a multicentre randomised controlled phase III trial including a health economic evaluation.

Introduction: Incisional hernia (IH) is the most frequent mid-term and long-term complication after midline laparotomy. The current standard treatment includes repair using a mesh. In a contaminated field, the use of a non-absorbable mesh increases the risk of surgical site infection and the costs.

Cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus cytoreductive surgery alone for colorectal peritoneal metastases (PRODIGE 7): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: The addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to cytoreductive surgery has been associated with encouraging survival results in some patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases who were eligible for complete macroscopic resection. We aimed to assess the specific benefit of adding HIPEC to cytoreductive surgery compared with receiving cytoreductive surgery alone.

Methods: We did a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial at 17 cancer centres in France.

Twenty-year trends in profile, management and outcomes of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction according to use of reperfusion therapy: Data from the FAST-MI program 1995-2015.

Unlabelled: The increased use of reperfusion therapy in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in the past decades is generally considered the main determinant of improved outcomes. The aim was to assess 20-year trends in profile, management, and one-year outcomes in STEMI patients in relation with use or non-use of reperfusion therapy (primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) or fibrinolysis).

Methods: We used data from 5 one-month French nationwide registries, conducted 5 years apart from 2005 to 2015, including 8579 STEMI patients (67% with and 33% without reperfusion therapy) admitted to cardiac intensive care units in France.

Non-severe eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: long-term outcomes after remission-induction trial.

Objective: In a previous controlled trial, 1-year adjunction of AZA to glucocorticoids (GC) for patients with non-severe, newly diagnosed eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) failed to lower remission failure, vasculitis relapse and isolated asthma/rhinosinus exacerbation rates, or cumulative GC use at month (M) 24. The aim of this study was to analyse longer-term outcomes to determine whether subsequent vasculitis relapse or isolated asthma/rhinosinus exacerbation (IARE) rates differed.

Methods: After M24, patients were followed prospectively, being treated based on physicians' best judgment.

One-Year Survival After ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Relation With Prehospital Administration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy.

Background The optimal timing of administration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in acute ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction patients is debated. Clinical trials have failed to demonstrate the superiority of pretreatment with P2Y12 inhibitors in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, but they were not designed to assess hard clinical end points. We used data from the FAST-MI (French Registry on Acute ST-Segment-Elevation or Non-ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) cohorts to determine 1-year survival and in-hospital outcomes in patients receiving DAPT, comparing prehospital versus in-hospital administration.

Acute Myocardial Infarction: Changes in Patient Characteristics, Management, and 6-Month Outcomes Over a Period of 20 Years in the FAST-MI Program (French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation or Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) 1995 to 2015.

Background: ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) management has evolved considerably over the past 2 decades. Little information on mortality trends in the most recent years is available. We assessed trends in characteristics, treatments, and outcomes for acute myocardial infarction in France between 1995 and 2015.

Haemoptysis in adults: a 5-year study using the French nationwide hospital administrative database.

Haemoptysis is a serious symptom with various aetiologies. Our aim was to define the aetiologies, outcomes and associations with lung cancer in the entire population of a high-income country.This retrospective multicentre study was based on the French nationwide hospital medical information database collected over 5 years (2008-2012).

Definitive chemoradiotherapy with FOLFOX versus fluorouracil and cisplatin in patients with oesophageal cancer (PRODIGE5/ACCORD17): final results of a randomised, phase 2/3 trial.

Background: Definitive chemoradiotherapy is a curative treatment option for oesophageal carcinoma, especially in patients unsuitable for surgery. The PRODIGE5/ACCORD17 trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the FOLFOX treatment regimen (fluorouracil plus leucovorin and oxaliplatin) versus fluorouracil and cisplatin as part of chemoradiotherapy in patients with localised oesophageal cancer.

Methods: We did a multicentre, randomised, open-label, parallel-group, phase 2/3 trial of patients aged 18 years or older enrolled from 24 centres in France between Oct 15, 2004, and Aug 25, 2011.

Failure to renew prescriptions for gastroprotective agents to patients on continuous nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increases rate of upper gastrointestinal injury.

Background & Aims: Patients with risk factors for gastrointestinal (GI) disorders who continuously use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) also should take gastroprotective agents (GPAs), such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). However, it is not clear how many physicians continue to prescribe GPAs to these patients, and whether stopping the GPA prescription increases GI complications.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational, longitudinal study using a validated electronic database of representative general practitioners in France.

C-reactive protein is an early predictor of septic complications after elective colorectal surgery.

Background: Nowadays, most patients who undergo colorectal surgery are discharged early. An early predictor of septic complications could avoid readmissions and decrease morbidity. CRP could be a good predictor allowing a safe discharge.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver is not associated with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Several studies suggest that NAFLD is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in nondiabetic subjects. In type 2 diabetic subjects, the link between fatty liver and atherosclerosis is less clear.

First occurrence of an IMP metallo-beta-lactamase in Aeromonas caviae: IMP-19 in an isolate from France.

We describe the first IMP metallo-beta-lactamase in Aeromonas caviae: IMP-19, which differed from IMP-2 by a single amino acid change (Arg to Ala at position 38). bla(IMP-19) was found within a class 1 integron located on a 35-kb plasmid. This is also the first description of an IMP producer in France.

Presumed pseudobacteremia outbreak resulting from contamination of proportional disinfectant dispenser.

Reported here are the microbiological and epidemiological details of a presumed outbreak of aerobic gram-negative bacilli infections affecting 19 hematological patients, which was traced to contaminated disinfectant. Over a 5-month period, the following organisms were isolated from the blood cultures of 19 neutropenic patients: Pseudomonas fluorescens (n = 13), Achromobacter xylosoxidans (n = 12), Comamonas testosteroni (n = 2) or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 1). The affected patients were all treated with an expensive regimen of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy.

Limitation of exercise capacity in nucleoside-treated HIV-infected patients with hyperlactataemia.

Background: Inhibition of DNA polymerase gamma by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular toxicity. Hyperlactataemia, which is a consequence of a shift in the metabolism of pyruvate, is an indicator of nucleoside-related mitochondrial toxicity.

Methods: We evaluated exercise and oxidative capacities as well as circulatory and ventilatory responses to exercise in 24 HIV-infected patients on NRTIs presenting hyperlactataemia [mean (+/-standard deviation) fasted lactate=3.

VEB-1 in Achromobacter xylosoxidans from cystic fibrosis patient, France.

Multidrug-resistant was recovered from the sputum of a patient with cystic fibrosis. The VEB-1 extended-spectrum β-lactamase was detected on a class 1 integron. This first report of a VEB-1–producing isolate in this population requires further investigation to determine its distribution.

Analysis of risk factors for skip lymphatic metastasis and their prognostic value in operated N2 non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

Background: The aim of this study is to report a series and to analyze risk factors for skip lymphatic metastasis an their prognostic value in operated N2 non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

Methods: From 1997 to 2002, 142 patients classified pN2 were included in the study. Tumours were classified according to the TNM classification.

[Anisakiasis: an infestation to be known by surgeons].

Background: Anisakis infestation is related to the consumption of raw or undercooked fish. It can cause allergic reactions, or abdominal pain when the gastrointestinal tube is involved. Its incidence is rising in Europe.

Survey of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in a Slovak hospital: dominance of SHV-2a and characterization of TEM-132.

Eighty-five extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from a Slovak hospital have been studied. SHV-2a was predominant, but other variants have been detected, namely, SHV-5, SHV-12, TEM-12, TEM-15, and TEM-132, which differed from TEM-1 by amino acid substitutions R164H, E240K, and I173V and had kinetic properties similar to those of TEM-28.

Decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations are closely related to steatosis in hepatitis C virus-infected patients.

Objectives: The mechanisms underlying steatosis during hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are complex and multifactorial. Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for the development of steatosis in chronic hepatitis C infection. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of adipocytokines in HCV-related steatosis.

[Pathogenic mechanisms of autoimmune diseases].

Background: Auto-immune diseases are a fascinating but poorly understood group of diseases.

Major Points: In this review, we will consider genetic susceptibility to auto-immune diseases, initiation of autoreactivity and changes in pathologic processes. Recent physiopathological hypotheses are detailed with clinical examples.

TCL1 and CLA expression in agranular CD4/CD56 hematodermic neoplasms (blastic NK-cell lymphomas) and leukemia cutis.

Agranular CD4/CD56 hematodermic neoplasm (CD4/CD56 HN), also termed blastic natural killer cell lymphoma, is characterized by a peculiar immunophenotype and high skin tropism. The lineage of origin is not known, and a plasmacytoid dendritic cell derivation has been proposed. CD4/CD56 HN generally is diagnosed by using tumor skin biopsy, with the most important differential diagnosis being myelomonocytic leukemia cutis.