Effects of IV fluid restriction according to site-specific intensity of standard fluid treatment-protocol.

Background: Variation in usual practice in fluid trials assessing lower versus higher volumes may affect overall comparisons. To address this, we will evaluate the effects of heterogeneity in treatment intensity in the Conservative versus Liberal Approach to Fluid Therapy of Septic Shock in Intensive Care trial. This will reflect the effects of differences in site-specific intensities of standard fluid treatment due to local practice preferences while considering participant characteristics.

Pretranscatheter and Posttranscatheter Valve Planning with Computed Tomography.

The range of potential transcatheter solutions to valve disease is increasing, bringing treatment options to those in whom surgery confers prohibitively high risk. As the range of devices and their indications grow, so too will the demand for procedural planning. Computed tomography will continue to enable this growth through the provision of accurate device sizing and procedural risk assessment.

Follow-up of urolithiasis patients after treatment: an algorithm from the EAU Urolithiasis Panel.

Objective: To develop a follow-up algorithm for urinary stone patients after definitive treatment.

Materials And Methods: The panel performed a systematic review on follow-up of urinary stone patients after treatment (PROSPERO: CRD42020205739). Given the lack of comparative studies we critically evaluated the literature and reached a consensus on the follow-up scheme.

Nogo-B Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Autophagy in Endothelial Cells of Diabetic Nephropathy.

Endothelial cells are the critical targets of injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN), and endothelial cell lesions contribute to the disease progression. Neurite outgrowth inhibitor B (Nogo-B), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein, plays a pivotal role in vascular remodeling after injury, and maintains the structure and function of the ER. Yet, the role of Nogo-B in the regulation of ER stress and endothelial cell injury remains largely unknown.

The Role and Limitations of the Reference Interval Within Clinical Chemistry and Its Reliability for Disease Detection.

Reference intervals (RIs) are a range of values that are supplied alongside laboratory measurements for comparison to allow interpretation of this data. Historically, RIs were referred to as the normal range. However, the perception of what is normal can lead to confusion in clinicians and unnecessary emotional distress in patients.

Endocarditis prevention: time for a review of NICE guidance.

Unlabelled: In 2023, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) updated its infective endocarditis (IE) guidelines strongly endorsing antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) before invasive dental procedures (IDPs) for high-risk patients, elevating their recommendation to Class I. The American Heart Association (AHA) is aligned with this view and reaffirmed the need for AP to prevent IE in those at high-risk in its 2021 guidelines. In contrast, the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends against routine AP use.

The role and principles of stenting in acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis.

Catheter-directed interventions for acute iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (DVT) have been increasingly used over the past 15 years to target severe symptomatology and prevention of post-thrombotic syndrome incidence or reduce its severity if it were to develop. Aside from successful thrombus removal, adjunctive stents are frequently required to treat an uncovered lesion or significant residual thrombus to ensure quality of life improvement besides retarding DVT recurrence and post-thrombotic syndrome. As the evidence is mounting, the need and role for stenting, as well as the principles of an optimal technique, in the acute DVT setting are now better understood.

Effectiveness and safety of a third-line rescue treatment for acute severe ulcerative colitis refractory to infliximab or ciclosporin (REASUC study).

Background: The advent of new therapeutic agents and the improvement of supporting care might change the management of acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) and avoid colectomy.

Aims: To evaluate the colectomy-free survival and safety of a third-line treatment in patients with ASUC refractory to intravenous steroids and who failed either infliximab or ciclosporin.

Methods: Multicentre retrospective cohort study of patients with ASUC refractory to intravenous steroids who had failed infliximab or ciclosporin and received a third-line treatment during the same hospitalisation.

Agreement between observed and predicted postoperative forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide after anatomic lung resection.

Background: Despite its importance in clinical practice, clinical guideline pathway selection and as an outcome in clinical trials, little work has been undertaken to understand the agreement between expected lung function loss and actual observed values. This is particular pertinent in view of the unexpected findings of JCOG 0802 and CALBG 140503 demonstrating no clinically meaningful difference in lung function loss between the sub-lobar resection and lobectomy arm.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis on preoperative and postoperative forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL) collated from 158 patients who underwent anatomical lung resection between January 2013 to July 2023.

Identifying Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infection After Stoma Closure in Infants for Targeted Implementation of Surgical Site Infection Reduction Bundle.

To determine risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) in infants after stoma closure, to identify at-risk patients, plan timing of surgery, and implement SSI-reduction strategies. A single center retrospective comparison study of all children less than one year of age who underwent enterostomy closure (2018-2020) with SSI diagnosed through a prospective surveillance program, using criteria from Public Health England (PHE). Demographics and risk factors, types of SSI, systemic sepsis, mortality and length of stay were compared between SSI and non-SSI.

The global leadership into malnutrition criteria reveals a high percentage of malnutrition which influences overall survival in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.

Patients with neuroendocrine tumours located in the gastroenteropancreatic tract (GEP-NETs) and treatment with somatostatin analogues (SSA's) are at risk of malnutrition which has been reported previously evaluating weight loss or body mass index (BMI) only. The global leadership into malnutrition (GLIM) criteria include weight loss, BMI, and sarcopenia, for diagnosing malnutrition. These GLIM criteria have not been assessed in patients with GEP-NETs on SSA.

Feeding and swallowing outcomes of children receiving long-term ventilation: A scoping review protocol.

Background: The last three decades have seen a growth in the number of children requiring long-term ventilation. Children with long-term ventilation present with underlying respiratory and neurological conditions that place them at risk of feeding and swallowing difficulties. To date, a scoping review or systematic review investigating the feeding and swallowing outcomes of children with long-term ventilation needs has not been conducted.

An investigation of the associations between stigma, self-compassion, and pain outcomes during treatment based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic pain.

Introduction: Stigma adversely affects people with chronic pain. The qualities within self-compassion may be particularly useful for buffering the impact of stigma on people with pain. In the context of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based (ACT) treatment for chronic pain, this study investigated the association between changes in stigma and self-compassion and pain outcomes, and the potential moderating role of self-compassion on the association between stigma and pain outcomes.

Switching from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab maintenance therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: Post hoc longitudinal analysis of a randomized trial.

Background: Pharmacokinetic non-inferiority of subcutaneous (SC) to intravenous (IV) CT-P13 maintenance therapy was demonstrated in a randomized trial (NCT02883452). This post hoc analysis evaluated longitudinal clinical outcomes with the two infliximab treatment strategies.

Methods: Patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis received CT‑P13 IV loading doses (5 mg/kg; Week [W] 0 and W2) before randomization (1:1) to receive CT-P13 SC (body weight-based dosing every 2 weeks [Q2W]; W6-54; 'SC maintenance group') or CT‑P13 IV (5 mg/kg Q8W; W6-22) then CT-P13 SC (Q2W; W30-54; 'IV-to-SC switch group').

Endoscopic submuscular dissection as a rescue for severe fibrosis after incomplete polypectomy.

Video 1Endoscopic submuscular dissection as a rescue for severe fibrosis after incomplete polypectomy.

Pre-asthma: a useful concept for prevention and disease-modification? A EUFOREA paper. Part 1-allergic asthma.

Asthma, which affects some 300 million people worldwide and caused 455,000 deaths in 2019, is a significant burden to suffers and to society. It is the most common chronic disease in children and represents one of the major causes for years lived with disability. Significant efforts are made by organizations such as WHO in improving the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of asthma.