34,529 results match your criteria: "Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Hospitals Trust[Affiliation]"
Pediatric MOG-Ab-Associated Encephalitis: Supporting Early Recognition and Treatment.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
December 2024
From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- A study assessed children under 18 with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-Ab), focusing on those with encephalitis who didn’t fit the criteria for acute disseminated encephalitis (ADEM), comparing them to those with ADEM.
- Out of 235 MOG-Ab positive patients, 33 had encephalitis and 74 had ADEM, with common symptoms including headache, seizures, and fever; 24% had a normal initial brain MRI.
- Findings indicated that children with encephalitis were generally older, more often admitted to intensive care, and had a delayed start of steroid treatment, suggesting MOG-Ab testing is essential for suspected encephalitis
Cell-cell interaction determines cell fate of mesoderm-derived cell in tongue development through Hh signaling.
Elife
October 2024
Division of Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- * In mice with mutations in ciliary proteins, abnormal cranial neural crest-derived cells disrupt signaling pathways, leading to improper cell differentiation and subsequent tongue issues like ankyloglossia.
- * The research also indicates that these tongue deformities can be artificially triggered in normal mice, suggesting potential avenues for treatment approaches in ciliopathies.
Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Experience From a Tertiary Care Center.
Cureus
September 2024
Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND.
Article Synopsis
- Renal stones are on the rise globally, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally invasive procedure that effectively removes these stones, though some complications can occur.
- In a study involving 201 patients who underwent PCNL, the overall complication rate was found to be 21.9%, with most categorized as minor, while 5.5% experienced major complications, but no postoperative deaths were recorded.
- Factors influencing higher complication rates included being female, larger stone size, hydronephrosis, recent UTI treatment, prolonged surgery duration, and complex kidney stones.
Article Synopsis
- Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) are recommended treatments for complex lower urinary tract issues, but they often face challenges like treatment failure and limited long-term effectiveness, necessitating better follow-up strategies.
- A recent consensus report from a 2024 meeting highlighted the importance of "rescue programming" to enhance patient outcomes and device use, alongside exploring alternative stimulation sites for better results.
- Current SNM techniques have not evolved significantly, and while there's little evidence for PTNS rescue programming, advancements in implantable devices and neurostimulation targeting the pudendal nerve show promise for improving treatment adherence and effectiveness.
A prospective cohort study on the role of surgical mentorship on medical students' surgical experience and attitudes towards surgery.
BMC Med Educ
October 2024
Transplant Surgery, London Deanery and Research Fellow, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- A mentorship scheme was established to enhance medical students' exposure to surgery by pairing them with local surgeons, aiming to improve their understanding and insight into surgical careers.
- Evaluation of the program, which involved 35 surgeons and 37 students, showed significant increases in students' confidence and hands-on experience in surgery, with 81% focusing on research and 67% seeking theatre experience.
- Results indicated that 95% of participants would recommend the scheme, highlighting its effectiveness in supporting students in pursuing surgical careers and supplementing their medical education.
Author Correction: Identification and characterization of a set of conserved and new regulators of cytoskeletal organization, cell morphology and migration.
BMC Biol
October 2024
Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
Correlation of the treatment sensitivity of patient-derived organoids with treatment outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer (SOTO): protocol for a prospective observational study.
BMJ Open
October 2024
Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
Introduction: Organoids have been successfully used in several areas of cancer research and large living biobanks of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have been developed from various malignancies. The characteristics of the original tumour tissue such as mutation signatures, phenotype and genetic diversity are well preserved in organoids, thus showing promising results for the use of this model in translational research. In this study, we aim to assess whether we can generate PDOs from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) samples and whether PDOs can be used to predict treatment sensitivity in HNSCC patients as well as to explore potential biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthonasal and retronasal olfactory function in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps undergoing endoscopic sinonasal surgery.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol
October 2024
Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is common in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), but research on this group is limited compared to those with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).
- A study of 97 CRSsNP patients and 97 healthy controls showed that a significant percentage (28.4%) of CRSsNP patients had OD at the start, with their sense of smell being significantly worse than the controls.
- After endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), 37% of patients reported meaningful improvements in their olfactory function, but the overall prevalence of OD in this group remained low and improvements were limited compared to results seen in CRSwNP patients.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for tuberculosis-related acute respiratory distress syndrome: An international multicentre retrospective cohort study.
Crit Care
October 2024
Sorbonne Université, GRC 30 RESPIRE, UMRS_1166-ICAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Université, 75013, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed 79 patients with severe tuberculosis-related ARDS who received ECMO treatment at 20 centers worldwide, focusing on their 90-day survival rates and related complications.
- - Results showed that 51% of patients survived for 90 days, with significant complications including major bleeding and infections; miliary TB patients had a notably higher survival rate than those with cavitary TB.
- - Factors like older age, drug-resistant TB, and higher pre-ECMO SOFA scores were identified as key predictors of mortality, suggesting that ECMO could be a valuable intervention for patients with TB-induced ARDS.
Association between kidney function, frailty and receipt of invasive management after acute coronary syndrome.
Open Heart
October 2024
Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Article Synopsis
- A study analyzed data from over 10,000 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) from 2010 to 2017 to explore the impact of reduced kidney function (eGFR) on treatment and mortality rates.
- It found that lower eGFR levels were strongly linked to a decrease in invasive treatments like coronary angiography; patients with eGFR <30 were significantly less likely to receive these procedures compared to those with higher eGFR.
- Additionally, there was a clear connection between lower eGFR and higher 30-day mortality rates, indicating that kidney function plays a critical role in treatment outcomes for ACS patients.
Noninvasive diagnostic modalities and prediction models for detecting pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease: a narrative review.
Eur Respir Rev
October 2024
National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is highly prevalent in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Widely available noninvasive screening tools are warranted to identify patients at risk for PH, especially severe PH, that could be managed at expert centres. This review summarises current evidence on noninvasive diagnostic modalities and prediction models for the timely detection of PH in patients with ILD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReply to "Maternal and fetal outcomes in Fontan circulation pregnancies".
Int J Cardiol
January 2025
Adult Congenital Heart Centre and Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Interleukin 11 therapy causes acute left ventricular dysfunction.
Cardiovasc Res
December 2024
MRC-Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Interleukin 11 (IL11) was initially developed as a treatment for low platelet levels but has shown serious cardiac side effects, prompting researchers to investigate its toxic effects on heart cells for the first time.
- The study involved injecting recombinant IL11 into mice and using various scientific techniques to assess its effects on heart function and gene expression, revealing drastic reductions in heart performance and increased activation of inflammatory pathways.
- Findings from cardiomyocyte-specific knockout mouse models showed that IL11 directly induces stress responses and gene expression changes in heart cells, further solidifying its role in heart toxicity rather than protection.
Stretch-Induced Ordering of Prochiral Dimethyl Sulfoxide in Anisotropic Hydrogels Analysed by H and H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.
Chemphyschem
October 2024
School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
Nuclear spins in small molecules dissolved in stretched hydrogels typically have population-averaged residual interactions. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of these systems often show additional peaks and splittings compared with free solutions. Residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) and quadrupolar couplings (RQCs) are observed for guest H and H nuclear spins, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGender identity in Klinefelter Syndrome: a patient-centered approach to treatment.
Ann Med
December 2024
Andrology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the prevalence of gender dysphoria (GD) in Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) patients, finding that many do not fully identify with their assigned male gender and may have issues with gender identity.
- An online questionnaire was conducted with 139 KS patients, revealing that only 53% identified as male, while 19% were unhappy with their assigned gender, and a significant number considered altering their physical appearance.
- Many participants were receiving testosterone therapy (67%), yet a notable portion had gender identity concerns, indicating a need for careful discussions around hormone treatment for those with GD.
Outcomes of adolescent children with severe cardiogenic shock referred for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: insight from collaboration of adult shock team and paediatric cardiac critical care.
Cardiol Young
October 2024
Paediatric Intensive Care, Paediatric Cardio-Respiratory Intensive Care Division, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Adolescents in severe cardiogenic shock can be treated in both pediatric and adult medical centers.
- Six adolescent patients underwent expedited extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) consultations, with support from an adult healthcare team, including transfers using ECMO.
- After receiving conventional treatment or ECMO, all patients showed good recovery with positive neurological outcomes.
Delayed union of a pediatric lunate fracture in the United Kingdom: a case report and a review of current concepts of non-scaphoid pediatric carpal fractures.
J Trauma Inj
December 2023
Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- - Pediatric carpal fractures, particularly non-scaphoid ones, are uncommon and can be hard to diagnose; this paper reviews existing literature and presents a case of a 12-year-old boy with a lunate fracture.
- - There is no agreement on the best way to treat these fractures, largely due to the limited number of cases reported in the literature.
- - The study highlights the importance of extended follow-up for pediatric carpal fractures to identify delayed complications and functional issues, particularly in defining what constitutes delayed union.
Spinal presentations in children with spinal muscular atrophy type 1 following gene therapy treatment with onasemnogene abeparvovec - The SMA REACH UK network experience.
Neuromuscul Disord
November 2024
Department of Paediatric Neurology - Neuromuscular Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder of mainly early onset and variable severity. Prior to the introduction of disease modifying therapies (DMTs), children with SMA type 1 typically died before 2 years of age and management was primarily palliative. Onasemnogene abeparvovec (OA), nusinersen, and risdiplam are novel DMTs which ameliorate the effects of the underlying genetic defect at least partially making SMA a treatable condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnvironmental sustainability in intensive care: the path forward. An ESICM Green Paper.
Intensive Care Med
November 2024
Critical Care Department, APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris Cité University, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- The ESICM Green Paper addresses the importance of environmental sustainability in intensive care units (ICUs) and proposes actionable strategies to reduce their ecological impact.
- A task force of experts assessed key areas for improvement and refined their strategies through a series of meetings and drafts.
- The paper emphasizes the need for energy efficiency, waste reduction, and education among healthcare professionals to ensure that high-quality patient care and sustainability go hand in hand.
Intrauterine device use in adolescence: a narrative review.
Minerva Obstet Gynecol
October 2024
School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Contraceptive use in adolescence remains a challenging issue. Adolescents are at high risk of unintended pregnancies and sexual transmitted infections. During the past few decades intrauterine devices are recommended from global health organization, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and World Health Organization as a method of contraception for adolescents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorrection to: Neurological monitoring and management for adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients: Extracorporeal Life Support Organization consensus guidelines.
Crit Care
October 2024
Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Understanding and training for the impact of large language models and artificial intelligence in healthcare practice: a narrative review.
BMC Med Educ
October 2024
Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Some people are excited because big language models (LLMs) can pass important medical tests.
- This makes doctors think about what skills they need to work well with these AI tools.
- To prepare future doctors for using AI, medical schools might need to change how they teach!
Non-cryopreserved autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma and lymphoma in countries with limited resources: practice considerations from the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.
Bone Marrow Transplant
January 2025
Adult Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant & Cellular Therapy, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- Autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation is a common treatment for conditions like multiple myeloma and lymphomas, and it usually involves freezing the stem cells before transplant.* -
- A recent systematic review of 19 transplant centers that performed non-cryopreserved PBSC transplants showed that the procedure is feasible and safe, with high stem cell viability and low rates of complications.* -
- The study found that stem cell viability was over 90% for multiple myeloma and over 75% for lymphomas, with quick engraftment times, and only 1% transplant-related mortality within 100 days.*
Effect of nostril occlusion and mouth sealing in the measurement of sniff nasal inspiratory pressure.
Thorax
December 2024
Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) is a method to evaluate respiratory muscle strength, particularly in neuromuscular diseases like ALS, and the effects of nostril occlusion and mouth sealing on SNIP measurements were examined.
- A study involving 81 participants found that occluding the contralateral nostril significantly increased SNIP measurements across all groups, while opening the mouth led to a notable decrease in SNIP values.
- The results highlight the importance of proper technique in measuring SNIP, as using nostril occlusion could lead to fewer individuals qualifying for non-invasive ventilation, affecting clinical decisions and longitudinal studies.