Medicinal chemistry-based perspectives on thiophene and its derivatives: exploring structural insights to discover plausible druggable leads.

Thiophene is a privileged pharmacophore in medicinal chemistry owing to its diversified biological attributes. The thiophene moiety has been ranked 4th in the US FDA drug approval of small drug molecules, with around 7 drug approvals over the last decade. The present review covers USFDA-approved drugs possessing a thiophene ring system.

Repurposing of USFDA-approved drugs to identify leads for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme: a plausible utility as an anti-Alzheimer agent.

In the quest to identify new anti-Alzheimer agents, we employed drug repositioning or drug repositioning techniques on approved USFDA small molecules. Herein, we report the structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) of 1880 USFDA-approved drugs. The -based identification was followed by calculating Prime MMGB-SA binding energy and molecular dynamics simulation studies.

Establishing network pharmacology between natural polyphenols and Alzheimer's disease using bioinformatic tools - An advancement in Alzheimer's research.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of disability and one of the top causes of mortality globally. AD remains a major public health challenge due to its prevalence, impact on patients and caregivers, and the current lack of a cure. In recent years, polyphenols have garnered attention for their potential therapeutic effects on AD.

Exploring anticancer properties of the phytoconstituents and comparative analysis of their chemical space parameters with USFDA-approved synthetic anticancer agents.

The present review article thoroughly analyses natural products and their derived phytoconstituents as a rich source of plausible anticancer drugs. The study thoroughly explores the chemical components derived from various natural sources, thus emphasizing their unique structural characteristics and therapeutic potential as an anticancer agent. The review contains the critical chemical constituents' in-depth molecular mechanisms, their source's chemical structures and the categories.

Sustainable Bio-Based Adsorbents for Simultaneous and Efficient Removal of Hazardous Dyes from Aqueous Solutions.

Dyes provide a notable environmental issue as a result of their intrinsic poisonous and carcinogenic characteristics. An estimated 60,000 metric tons of dyes has been discharged into the environment, leading to a substantial increase in water pollution. The mitigation of these dyes is a substantial and intricate challenge.

Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole fused spirooxindole-linked 1,2,3-triazoles as antioxidant agents: Exploring their utility in the development of antidiabetic drugs via inhibition of α-amylase and DPP4 activity.

Environment-benign, multicomponent synthetic methodologies are vital in modern pharmaceutical research and facilitates multi-targeted drug development via synergistic approach. Herein, we reported green and efficient synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole fused spirooxindole linked 1,2,3-triazoles using a tea waste supported copper catalyst (TWCu). The synthetic approach involves a one-pot, five-component reaction using N-propargylated isatin, hydrazine hydrate, ethyl acetoacetate, malononitrile/ethyl cyanoacetate and aryl azides as model substrates.

Immunomodulatory and AntiOxidant Potential of Polyherbal in the Form of Churna and Granules.

revitalizes the human body and helps in maintaining health with the elimination of ill effects of various diseases. The effective delivery systems for may affect the profound effect of active principles in the body. The present study deals with investigation and evaluation of phytochemical constituents, physicochemical characteristics, along with antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of in churna (powder) and granule formulations.

Motivators, Preferences, and Aspirations of University Students about Studying Yoga: A Survey from India.

Introduction: University students' motivators and preferences for yoga as their course of study can influence their future as yoga instructors and therapists.

Materials And Methods: Six hundred and thirty-six students of both genders (251:385, male: female) from four North Indian universities offering graduate and postgraduate courses in yoga were the respondents to a convenience sampling survey about their preferences and motivators.

Results: The three most common reasons why students chose to study yoga were (i) "I can help many people through knowledge of yoga" (32.

Nutrient sequestration and lipid production potential of Chlorella vulgaris under pharmaceutical wastewater treatment: experimental, optimization, and prediction modeling studies.

The efficient management and treatment of pharmaceutical industry wastewater (PIWW) have become a serious environmental issue due to its high toxicity. To overcome this problem, the present study deals with the phycoremediation of PIWW using Chlorella vulgaris microalga isolated from the Ganga River at Haridwar, India. For this, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) tools were used to identify the best reduction of total phosphorus (TP) and total Kjeldahl's nitrogen (TKN) based pollutants along with the lipid production efficiency of C.

A decade of USFDA-approved small molecules as anti-inflammatory agents: Recent trends and Commentaries on the "industrial" perspective.

Inflammation is the human body's defence process against various pathogens, toxic substances, irradiation, and physically injured cells that have been damaged. Inflammation is characterized by swelling, pain, redness, heat, as well as diminished tissue function. Multiple important inflammatory markers determine the prognosis of inflammatory processes, which include likes of pro-inflammatory cytokines which are controlled by nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway, all of which are activated in response to the stimulation of specific receptors.

Karanjin, A Promising Bioactive Compound Possessing Anti-cancer Activity against Experimental Model of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.

Aims: The aim of this study is to isolate the (Karanj) leaf extract for pure compound with anticancer properties and to study the molecular target of the isolates in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.

Background: In our earlier research leaf extract has demonstrated potential anticancer activities. Thus, in pursuit of the bioactive compounds, the most potential active extract from our previous study was purified.

Imidazoles as Serotonin Receptor Modulators for Treatment of Depression: Structural Insights and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies.

Serotoninergic signaling is identified as a crucial player in psychiatric disorders (notably depression), presenting it as a significant therapeutic target for treating such conditions. Inhibitors of serotoninergic signaling (especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI)) are prominently selected as first-line therapy for the treatment of depression, which benefits via increasing low serotonin levels and norepinephrine by blocking serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake and thereby increasing activity. While developing newer heterocyclic scaffolds to target/modulate the serotonergic systems, imidazole-bearing pharmacophores have emerged.

Microbial diversity characterizations, associated pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance profiling of Najafgarh drain.

The Najafgarh drain plays a significant role in the pollution of the Yamuna River, accounting for 40% of the total pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate and analyze the microbial diversity, metabolic functional capacity, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) present in the Najafgarh drain. Additionally, studying the water quality and its relationship with the proliferation of microorganisms in the drain is of utmost importance.

Functional and Tableting Properties of Alkali-Isolated and Phosphorylated Barnyard Millet () Starch.

The functional and tableting properties of barnyard millet starch () were investigated in its native (alkali-treated) and chemically modified (phosphorylated) states. The grains were pulverized, soaked, and ground before filtration to separate starch and protein. Multiple NaOH treatments were performed.

Plasma Modification Techniques for Natural Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Systems.

Natural polymers have attracted significant attention in drug delivery applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility. However, their surface properties often limit their use as drug delivery vehicles, as they may exhibit poor wettability, weak adhesion, and inadequate drug loading and release. Plasma treatment is a promising surface modification technique that can overcome these limitations by introducing various functional groups onto the natural polymer surface, thus enhancing its physicochemical and biological properties.

A novel sinusoidal design for an electrocoagulation reactor followed by an electro-Fenton reaction and a porous ceramic filter for the treatment of polluted waters.

In this research work, a novel design of an electro-Fenton reactor for the treatment of polluted water was investigated. In addition to the reactor with iron electrodes, a ceramic filter was also used. An electrical circuit was designed to change the cathodes and anodes every 24 s via an electrical relay between the electrodes.

Plant -microbe assisted emerging contaminants (ECs) removal and carbon cycling.

Continuous increase in the level of atmospheric CO and environmental contaminates has aggravated various threats resulting from environmental pollution and climate change. Research into plant -microbe interaction has been a central concern of ecology for over the year. However, despite the clear contribution of plant -microbe to the global carbon cycle, the role of plant -microbe interaction in carbon pools, fluxes and emerging contaminants (ECs) removal are still a poorly understood.

A biochemical and morphological study with multiple linear regression modeling-based impact prediction of ambient air pollutants on some native tree species of Haldwani City of Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India.

The current study was conducted around the province of Haldwani City, Uttarakhand, India, to understand the seasonal variation of ambient air pollutants (PM PM, SO, and NO) and their impact on four tree species, i.e., neem (Azadirachta indica), mountain cedar (Toona ciliate), bottlebrush (Callistemon citrinus), and guava (Psidium guajava) during 2020-2021.

A comparative study on compost preparation using lab prepared eco-enzyme and its effect on growth of plant species Phaseolus vulgaris.

The augmented rise in population in the last few decades has resulted in gigantic increase in the solid waste production in India and around the globe. The conventional composting methods are slow and sluggish process that has resulted in the advancement techniques for the emergence in new rapid composting processes. Use of eco-enzyme is such a rapid technique that helps to degrade the solid waste in a very accelerative manner.

Identification of Potential Antitubulin Agents with Anticancer Assets from a Series of Imidazo[1,2-]quinoxaline Derivatives: In Silico and In Vitro Approaches.

Computer-aided drug design is a powerful and promising tool for drug design and development, with a reduced cost and time. In the current study, we rationally selected a library of 34 fused imidazo[1,2-]quinoxaline derivatives and performed virtual screening, molecular docking, and molecular mechanics for a lead identification against tubulin as an anticancer molecule. The computational analysis and pharmacophoric features were represented as ; this was a potential lead against tubulin, with a maximized affinity and binding score at the colchicine-binding site of tubulin.

Exploitation of bacterial strains for microplastics (LDPE) biodegradation.

Plastic waste (microplastics) is one of the primary sources of environmental pollutants, serving as a reservoir for them. In this study, previously isolated and screened polymer-degrading bacteria (B. subtilis V8, P.

Porous material based on modified carbon and the effect of pore size distribution on the adsorption of methylene blue dye from an aqueous solution.

Carbon porous materials obtained through KOH activation of a furfural + hydroquinone + urotropine mixture were applied as adsorbent for the remediation of methylene blue (MB). The impact of porous structure with special attention to pore size distribution along with well-known pore volume and specific surface area on the remediation of MB was well investigated and elucidated. Findings obtained revealed that pore size distribution plays a crucial role in the liquid-phase adsorption of organic dyes like MB.

Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater quality using chemometric analysis and water quality indices in the foothills of Himalayas.

Groundwater pollution of the watershed is mainly influenced by the multifaceted interactions of natural and anthropogenic process. To analyse the spatial-temporal variation and pollution source identification and apportionment, the dataset was subjected to a globally acknowledged coherent technique using water quality indices and chemometric techniques (principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. The bulk of the samples tested were below the BIS's permissible levels.

Current status of pesticide effects on environment, human health and it's eco-friendly management as bioremediation: A comprehensive review.

Pesticides are either natural or chemically synthesized compounds that are used to control a variety of pests. These chemical compounds are used in a variety of sectors like food, forestry, agriculture and aquaculture. Pesticides shows their toxicity into the living systems.

Structural Modifications and Strategies for Native Starch for Applications in Advanced Drug Delivery.

Pharmaceutical excipients are compounds or substances other than API which are added to a dosage form, these excipients basically act as carriers, binders, bulk forming agents, colorants, and flavouring agents, and few excipients are even used to enhance the activity of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and various more properties. However, despite of these properties, there are problems with the synthetic excipients such as the possibility of causing toxicity, inflammation, autoimmune responses, lack of intrinsic bioactivity and biocompatibility, expensive procedures for synthesis, and water solubility. However, starch as an excipient can overcome all these problems in one go.