Posteromedial Elbow Dislocations without Relevant Osseous Lesions: Clinical Characteristics, Soft-Tissue Injury Patterns, Treatments, and Outcomes.

Background: Although simple posterolateral or posterior elbow dislocations are relatively common and usually stable after closed reduction, simple posteromedial dislocations are extremely rare and poorly characterized. We investigated the clinical characteristics, soft-tissue injury patterns, treatments, and outcomes of a series of posteromedial elbow dislocations without relevant osseous lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 20 cases of simple posteromedial elbow dislocations without relevant osseous lesions that were treated at 7 fellowship training hospitals during a 10-year period.

TLR2 deficiency attenuates skeletal muscle atrophy in mice.

Oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with skeletal muscle atrophy. Because the activation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 induces oxidative stress and inflammation, TLR2 may be directly linked to skeletal muscle atrophy. This study examined the role of TLR2 in skeletal muscle atrophy in wild-type (WT) and TLR2 knockout (KO) mice.