Mitigating Algorithmic Bias in AI-Driven Cardiovascular Imaging for Fairer Diagnostics.

: The research addresses algorithmic bias in deep learning models for cardiovascular risk prediction, focusing on fairness across demographic and socioeconomic groups to mitigate health disparities. It integrates fairness-aware algorithms, susceptible carrier-infected-recovered (SCIR) models, and interpretability frameworks to combine fairness with actionable AI insights supported by robust segmentation and classification metrics. : The research utilised quantitative 3D/4D heart magnetic resonance imaging and tabular datasets from the Cardiac Atlas Project's (CAP) open challenges to explore AI-driven methodologies for mitigating algorithmic bias in cardiac imaging.

A systematic risk spillover perspective for modelling China's energy security: Firm-level evidence.

The concept of energy security has gained extensive attention in academic interest. We use firm-level data to evaluate China's energy security from 2013 to 2022. The newly devised energy security index reveals temporal variability, particularly during extreme events.

Phytochemical profiling and evaluation of compounds targeting Leishmania N-myristoyltransferase: molecular docking, drug-likeness, and toxicity analyses.

Background: has long been recognized for its therapeutic properties against various diseases. Among these is leishmaniasis, a parasitic infection that remains a global health challenge. Targeting Leishmania N-myristoyltransferase (NMT), a crucial enzyme for parasite survival, represents a promising therapeutic approach.

Integration of pharmacophore-based virtual screening, molecular docking, ADMET analysis, and MD simulation for targeting EGFR: A comprehensive drug discovery study using commercial databases.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a crucial component of cellular signaling pathways, is frequently dysregulated in a range of cancers. EGFR targeting has become a viable approach in the development of anti-cancer medications. This study employs an integrated approach to drug discovery, combining multiple computational methodologies to identify potential EGFR inhibitors.

Assessment of knowledge and awareness of stroke among Arabic speaking adults: unveiling the current landscape in seven countries through the first international representative study.

Introduction: While several studies have examined stroke public knowledge and awareness in individual countries within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, none have provided a comprehensive cross-country assessment.

Purpose: To assess public stroke knowledge and awareness among Arabic-speaking adults in seven MENA countries and identify associated factors.

Materials And Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was self-administered by the public population in Iraq, Lebanon, Sudan, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Syria, and Saudi Arabia (April 2021-2023).

Revolutionizing Fingerprint Detection: Ce Doped SiO-ZrO:Sr Nanocomposites with Enhanced Luminescence and Selectivity.

Even though fingerprints remain one of the most reliable methods of identification, they are often lost during the recovery process. Accurate fingerprint recognition depends on the contrast between the ridges and substrate. On tough surfaces, such as glossy, colorful, and patterned materials, the contrast is harder to establish.

Toward Efficient Hydrogen Generation Using Nickel-Molybdenum Catalyst and Its Environmental Sustainability.

In this study, a catalyst with Ni-Mo combination was synthesized using the electric heating/reductive tempering method. Nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate and ammonium molybdate were combined in a ratio of 1.1 in this approach.

Band Gap Engineering of Binary and Cobalt-Doped PbS Thin Films Integrated by SILAR Method for Optoelectronic Potentials.

Thin films of PbS, both undoped and cobalt-doped (Co-PbS), were produced on glass substrates using the straightforward and controllable approach of sequential ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR). The reactive substances employed to deposit the PbS thin films were lead nitrate (Pb(NO)), cobalt nitrate (Co(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₆), sodium thiosulphate (NaSO) and HO for different dipping concentrations of lead and cobalt. The films were adherent to the substrate and were compact, and crack-free with a shiny silver color.

Kinetic and Isothermal Analysis of the Adsorptive Elimination of Direct Yellow 26 Dye Utilizing Activated Bioadsorbent From Textile Effluent.

Due to their widespread usage in recent years, synthetic dyes may be difficult to remove and pose a health concern. Bioadsorbents proved a low-cost and sustainable method for dye removal. In this study, straight yellow 26 is extracted from textile effluent using sugarcane bagasse.

Psychometric properties of the Arabic Stress Numerical Rating Scale (SNRS-11) in adolescents.

Meta-analytic results have revealed a significant influence of stress on a wide array of psychological and behavioral markers, underscoring its considerable clinical importance. Providing a simple and cost-effective tool assessing stress for the Arabic-speaking population would be immensely beneficial. Therefore, our research objective was to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the Stress Numerical Rating Scale-11 (Arabic SNRS-11), including its reliability, and construct validity.

Toxic Dye Degradation Employing Phoenix dactylifera Seed Extract for the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Characterization and Application.

This research highlights the facile green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Phoenix dactylifera seed extracts and its photocatalytic application for the degradation of toxic dyes. The AgNPs synthesis was confirmed by the appearance of its representative absorption peak at 416 nm in UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, the reduction of silver ions to Ag was justified through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Electrochemical advanced oxidation combined to electro-Fenton for effective treatment of perfluoroalkyl substances "PFAS" in water using a Magnéli phase-based anode.

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known as "forever chemicals", are posing a considerable threat to human health and the environment, that conventional treatment methods are unable to treat. In recent years, electrochemical advanced oxidation emerged as a promising technology for the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants such as PFAS. This work reports the degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), using a Magnéli phase-based anode type TiO by electro-oxidation and electro-oxidation combined with electro-Fenton.

Exploring chaos and sensitivity in the Ivancevic option pricing model through perturbation analysis.

This study explores the Ivancevic Option Pricing Model, a nonlinear wave-based alternative to the Black-Scholes model, using adaptive nonlinear Schrödingerr equations to describe the option-pricing wave function influenced by stock price and time. Our focus is on a comprehensive analysis of this equation from multiple perspectives, including the study of soliton dynamics, chaotic patterns, wave structures, Poincaré maps, bifurcation diagrams, multistability, Lyapunov exponents, and an in-depth evaluation of the model's sensitivity. To begin, a wave transformation is applied to convert the partial differential equation into an ordinary differential equation, from which soliton solutions are derived using the [Formula: see text] method.

Gold Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine: Unique Properties and Therapeutic Potential.

Gold nanoparticles (NPs) have demonstrated significance in several important fields, including drug delivery and anticancer research, due to their unique properties. Gold NPs possess significant optical characteristics that enhance their application in biosensor development for diagnosis, in photothermal and photodynamic therapies for anticancer treatment, and in targeted drug delivery and bioimaging. The broad surface modification possibilities of gold NPs have been utilized in the delivery of various molecules, including nucleic acids, drugs, and proteins.

Gold Nanoparticles: Multifunctional Properties, Synthesis, and Future Prospects.

Gold nanoparticles (NPs) are among the most commonly employed metal NPs in biological applications, with distinctive physicochemical features. Their extraordinary optical properties, stemming from strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), contribute to the development of novel approaches in the areas of bioimaging, biosensing, and cancer research, especially for photothermal and photodynamic therapy. The ease of functionalization with various ligands provides a novel approach to the precise delivery of these molecules to targeted areas.

Constructing ZnO/NiO Nanocomposites as a Photocatalyst and Investigating Photocatalytic Effectiveness for Wastewater Treatment.

The goal of the present work is to create ZnO/NiO nanocomposites (NCs) for the photocatalytic destruction of organic contaminants using the co-precipitation technique. To investigate physiochemical characteristics, FT-IR, UV visible spectroscopy, SEM, and XRD were used. The ZnO hexagonal phase and the NiO cubic phase in the ZnO/NiO NCs were verified by the diffraction pattern.

Flexible four-port MIMO antenna for 5G NR-FR2 tri-band mmWave application with SAR analysis.

This paper introduces a compact, triband four-port Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna optimized for mmWave 5G and navigation services. The antenna is built on a Rogers RT Duroid 5880 substrate, with dimensions of 31 × 42 mm² and a thickness of 0.4 mm.

Evaluating the impact of different biochar types on wheat germination.

This study assessed sustainable solutions for organic waste management, focusing on biochar derived from kitchen waste. The characteristics and phytotoxicity effects of biochar produced from four different types of kitchen waste were investigated in view of potential agricultural applications. Analysis of the chemical and physical properties of the different biochar samples by X-ray fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed a nutrient-rich composition with carbon, calcium, and potassium contents that ranged from 35 to 48%, from 1.

Recognition of autism in subcortical brain volumetric images using autoencoding-based region selection method and Siamese Convolutional Neural Network.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects social interactions and behavior. Accurate and early diagnosis of ASD is still challenging even with the improvements in neuroimaging technology and machine learning algorithms. It's challenging because of the wide range of symptoms, delayed appearance of symptoms, and the subjective nature of diagnosis.

Does board gender diversity benefit for corporate ESG performance: Evidence from Germany.

More and more women have been engaged in public affairs in recent years. Due to the different perspectives and knowledge of female and male, female directors play more roles in corporate sustainable development, especially for corporate social, environmental and governance performance. This study uses panel data of 275 firms from 2010 to 2018 of German firms, to explore the impact of female directors on the board of corporate environmental, social and governance performance.

Digital epidemiology of high-frequency search listening trends for the surveillance of subjective well-being during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a dramatic increase in online searches related to psychological distress. Governments worldwide have responded with various measures to mitigate the impact of the virus, influencing public behavior and emotional well-being. This study investigated the relationship between government actions and public reactions in terms of online search behaviors, particularly concerning psychological distress during the pandemic.

Unleashing the synergistic effect of promising fungicides: a breakthrough solution for combating powdery mildew in pea plants.

Pea powdery mildew, caused by , is a major limitation to global pea production. The emergence of fungicide-resistant pathogen populations due to frequent and injudicious pesticide application highlights the importance of exploring the synergistic properties of fungicide combinations. This study investigated the efficacy of difenoconazole, thiophanate-methyl, and sulfur, both individually and in mixtures, against powdery mildew and assessed the interaction types between these fungicides.

Membranes Fouling Propensity of PSF/GO Hollow Fiber Mixed Matrix Membranes for Water Treatment Ultrafiltration Application.

The study focused on investigating the fouling propensity of polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber (HF) mixed matrix membranes modified with 1.0 wt % graphene oxide (GO). Through a comprehensive set of analyses including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), water contact angle (WCA), and mechanical assessments, the structural characteristics and properties of both untreated and GO-modified PSF HF membranes were thoroughly examined.