Uncovering the epidemiology of bladder cancer in the Arab world: A review of risk factors, molecular mechanisms, and clinical features.

Objective: Bladder cancer (BC) is a significant public health concern in the Middle East and North Africa, but the epidemiology and clinicopathology of the disease and contributors to high mortality in this region remain poorly understood. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the epidemiological features of BC in the Arab world and compare them to those in Western countries in order to improve the management of this disease.

Methods: An extensive electronic search of the PubMed/PMC and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify all articles published until May 2022, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Effect of L-PRF and autogenous bone grafts for immediate implant placement in post tooth extract socket.

The clinical outcomes of bone augmentation substances in immediate dental implant (IDI) placement are of interest to dentists. Hence, we evaluated and compared the effectiveness of L-PRF and autogenous bone grafts in immediate implant placement in tooth extract socket. Hence, assessment of periimplantis pocket depth, assessment of tissue biotype, implant stability and marginal bone loss at one month, three months, and six months follow up was completed.

The Impact of Viral Load on the Severity and Outcome Among Patients With COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives This study aimed to assess the relationship between illness severity and mortality among COVID-19 patients along with the cycle threshold (Ct) value measured by viral load. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted based on records of the emergency room at Rashid Hospital located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. This research was carried out on all of the appropriate records of patients who were hospitalized at Rashid Hospital in Dubai between May 2020 and January 2021.

Preparing for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) in Health Professions Education: AMEE Guide No. 172.

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) caught Health Professions Education (HPE) institutions off-guard, and they are currently adjusting to a changed educational environment. On the horizon, however, is Artificial Intelligence (AGI) which promises to be an even greater leap and challenge. This Guide begins by explaining the context and nature of AGI, including its characteristics of multi-modality, generality, adaptability, autonomy, and learning ability.

Microsurgery of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations in a Resource-Limited Setting: The First Case-Series from Iraq.

Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can lead to significant morbidity and are particularly challenging to manage in resource-limited settings where endovascular treatment modalities are unaffordable for most patients.

Objective: To describe the first case series of AVM from Iraq with an analysis of the related clinicoradiologic characteristics, operative features, and outcomes.

Methods: A single-center database from October 2018 to December 2022 was reviewed to analyze the characteristics of cerebral AVMs who underwent surgical treatment in Baghdad, Iraq.

Psychometric properties of the ultra-brief self-report Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) to assess anxiety and depression in Arabic-speaking adults.

Background: Anxiety and depression are psychiatric disorders that often coexist and share some features. Developing a simple and cost-effective tool to assess anxiety and depression in the Arabic-speaking population, predominantly residing in low- and middle-income nations where research can be arduous, would be immensely beneficial. The study aimed to translate the four-item composite Patient Health Questionnaire - 4 (PHQ-4) into Arabic and evaluate its psychometric properties, including internal reliability, sex invariance, composite reliability, and correlation with measures of psychological distress.

Metformin's dual impact on Gut microbiota and cardiovascular health: A comprehensive analysis.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) cause significant global morbidity, mortality and public health burden annually. CVD alters richness, diversity, and composition of Gut microbiota along with RAS and histopathological differences. Present study explores Metformin role in mitigating doxorubicin induced cardiovascular toxicity/remodeling.

Immunoinformatic prediction to identify peptides that bind to CD8+ T-cells as potential vaccine candidates.

Background And Aim: , with its diverse virulence factors and immune response evasion mechanisms, presents a formidable challenge as an opportunistic pathogen. Developing an effective vaccine against has proven elusive despite extensive efforts. Autologous lysate (ASL) treatment has proven effective in triggering an immune response against bovine mastitis.

The Evaluation of the Impact of Antibiotic De-escalation among Paediatric Patients Admitted to Tertiary Care Hospital in Ajman, UAE: A Cross-sectional Retrospective Observational Study.

Background: Antibiotic de-escalation therapy plays a vital role in reducing the risk of bacterial resistance across the globe. This study elucidates the significance, determinants, and outcomes pertaining to Antibiotic De-escalation (ADE). The ADE is acknowledged as a crucial component within Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs).

Efficacy and safety of ertapenem dosing in patients with ESBL producing infections utilizing renal replacement therapies.

Purpose: The clinical efficacy and safety of ertapenem use in patients undergoing renal replacement therapies (RRT) are not well-documented. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of ertapenem in patients with sepsis secondary to Enterobacterales who are undergoing RRT.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who met the inclusion criteria at our hospital between May 2015 and December 2021.

A comprehensive overview of radiation therapy impacts of various cancer treatments and pivotal role in the immune system.

The cancer treatment landscape is significantly evolving, focusing on advanced radiation therapy methods to maximize effectiveness and minimize the adverse effects. Recognized as a pivotal component in cancer and disease treatment, radiation therapy (RT) has drawn attention in recent research that delves into its intricate interplay with inflammation and the immune response. This exploration unveils the underlying processes that significantly influence treatment outcomes.

Assessing adherence to treatment guidelines and complications among atrial fibrillation patients in the United Arab Emirates.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF), a potential trigger for stroke development, is considered a modifiable condition that can halt complications, decrease mortality, and prevent morbidity. The CHA₂DS₂-VASc and HAS-BLED scores are categorized as risk assessment tools used to estimate the risk of thrombosis development and assess major bleeding among atrial fibrillation patients.

Objectives: Our study aims to assess the adherence to post-discharge treatment recommendations according to CHA₂DS₂-VASc score risk group and evaluate the impact of CHA₂DS₂-VASc score and HAS-BLED score risk categories on death, length of hospital stay, complications, and hospital readmission among United Arab Emirates (UAE) patients.

Association between aerobic performance and physiological responses in Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 2, and the futsal-specific intermittent endurance test in trained futsal players.

Objectives: This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to delineate associations between the performance and physiological responses to the Bruce test with two field tests, the futsal intermittent endurance test (FIET) and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level-2 (YYIR2) in elite male futsal players, in order to endorse one of field test to futsal coaches.

Methods: Fifteen elite futsal players (age 20 ± 3 years) have been participated in this study. Main outcome measurements included aerobic power, heart rate, blood lactate, ventilation, VO, VCO, VE-VO and VE-VCO indicators during FIET, YYIR2, and the Bruce test with carrying out a portable gas analyzer.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase inhibitors with antiosteoporosis efficacy in ovariectomized rats: A mixed binding approach beyond bisphosphonates.

The primary focus of bisphosphonate medications is on targeting human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (hFPPS), an essential regulator of mammalian isoprenoids. Yet, these drugs encounter limitations due to their restricted "druglike" properties and their effectiveness primarily in treating skeletal disorders. In this study, we synthesized novel non-bisphosphonate compounds, using 4,4'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) (1) as a starting compound, with the aim of targeting hFPPS through a mixed binding approach.

Translation and validation to the Arabic language version of the climate change anxiety scale (CCAS).

Background: The Arab world is one of the global regions the most directly concerned by, and suffering from climate change's adverse consequences. As such, there appears to be a strong need for an understanding of how Arab people may emotionally respond to climate change. Providing valid and reliable measures of climate change anxiety (CCA) can help gain a clear overview of the situation in Arab countries, and allow to intervene timely and effectively to mitigate any adverse effects on Arab people's mental health.

Craniofacial and Airway Morphology in Down Syndrome: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Case Series Evaluation.

Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition characterized by an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting in various physical and cognitive features. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the dental and craniofacial morphology of individuals with DS using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Six individuals with DS, comprising five males and one female aged 17 to 35 years, underwent CBCT scanning.

More sustainable use of iodinated contrast media - Why?

Objectives: Based on a narrative review of the literature to 1) assess the need for and 2) report methods to help deliver a sustainable approach to iodinated contrast media (ICM) administration.

Key Findings: Acute ICM shortages have been noted in the literature. As demand for contrast-enhanced imaging continues to increase and access to raw materials becomes more limited, such events may increase.

Metabolic profiling and enzyme inhibitory activity of the essential oil of citrus aurantium fruit peel.

Background: Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) is a fruiting shrub native to tropical and subtropical countries around the world and cultivated in many regions due to its nutraceutical value. The current study investigated the metabolic profiling and enzyme inhibitory activities of volatile constituents derived from the C. aurantium peel cultivated in Egypt by three different extraction methods.

Green radiography: Exploring perceptions, practices, and barriers to sustainability.

Introduction: Previous research has delved into the attitudes and behaviors of diverse professions regarding environmental sustainability. However, there needs to be more research specifically targeting radiographers. This study aims to survey radiographers' perceptions, practices, and barriers to change concerning environmental sustainability in radiology.

Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in Post-convalescent COVID-19 Adults: A Comparative Insight.

Background and objective COVID-19 is a respiratory disease that is highly contagious and is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Symptoms vary from mild to severe, where most of the patients suffer from high fever, severe headaches, dry cough, and exhaustion, while the less common symptoms are diarrhea, loss of taste, sore throat, and loss of smell. Following recovery from COVID-19, some patients displayed a restricted pattern in the function of their lungs.

The future of telerehabilitation: embracing virtual reality and augmented reality innovations.

The integration of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) into the telerehabilitation initiates a major change in the healthcare practice particularly in neurological and also orthopedic rehabilitation. This essay reflects the potential of the VR and AR in their capacity to create immersive, interactive environments that facilitate the recovery. The recent developments have illustrated the ability to enhance the patient engagement and outcomes, especially in tackling the complex motor and cognitive rehabilitation needs.

Assessment of knowledge and awareness of stroke among the Syrian population: unveiling the current landscape in Syria through the first nationally representative study.

Stroke is a global public health concern, contributing to high rates of morbidity and mortality. In Syria, the current conflict and associated challenges have had a profound impact on healthcare infrastructure, including education and awareness programs related to stroke. An essential aspect of preventing stroke is the awareness of individuals.