Can artificial intelligence lower the global sudden cardiac death rate? A narrative review.

Purpose Of Review: WHO defines SCD as sudden unexpected death either within 1 h of symptom onset (witnessed) or within 24 h of having been observed alive and symptom-free (unwitnessed). Sudden cardiac arrest is a major cause of mortality worldwide, with survival to hospital discharge for hospital cardiac arrest and in-hospital cardiac arrest being only 9.3 % and 21.

Trauma-Induced Stress Distribution in Primary Incisors Restored With Preformed Zirconia Crowns: 3D Finite Element Analysis.

Background/aims: Preformed zirconia crowns have emerged as the preferred choice for restoring damaged primary incisors. However, they differ from natural teeth in their biophysical properties and can potentially alter the overall response of crowned teeth to a traumatic load. This in silico study aimed to compare the response of three different traumatic loading conditions for the (i) natural (M1) and (ii) zirconia-restored tooth models (M2) models.

Role of Nanotechnology in Ischemic Stroke: Advancements in Targeted Therapies and Diagnostics for Enhanced Clinical Outcomes.

Each year, the number of cases of strokes and deaths due to this is increasing around the world. This could be due to work stress, lifestyles, unhealthy food habits, and several other reasons. Currently, there are several traditional methods like thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy for managing strokes.

Consensus Based Indian Guidelines for the Management of Pemphigus Vulgaris and Pemphigus Foliaceous.

Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disorder characterized by the presence of intraepidermal blisters and erosions, primarily affecting the mucosa and/or skin. There are no established Indian guidelines for the management of pemphigus, and Western guidelines cannot be directly applied due to differences in clinicodemographic profiles, comorbidities, and resource limitations. These guidelines aim to provide Indian dermatologists with evidence-based and consensus-driven recommendations for the management of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceous (PF), taking into account the unique challenges posed by the Indian healthcare setting.

Obstetric danger signs in context: A mixed methods study exploring knowledge and sociocultural factors among pregnant women.

Background: Maternal morbidity and mortality persist due to delays in seeking care for obstetric complications. Deficits in comprehending danger signs contribute to preventing early identification. There is limited research on awareness levels among rural Indian women.

Mixed-methods study assessing the accuracy of verbal autopsy and sociocultural determinants of infant mortality in Gujarat, India.

Background: Accurate determination of infant mortality causes and understanding sociocultural factors influencing care-seeking behaviors are crucial for targeted interventions in resource-limited settings. This mixed-methods study aimed to assess the accuracy of verbal autopsy (VA) in ascertaining infant death causes and explore sociocultural determinants of infant mortality in Gujarat, India.

Materials And Methods: It was a mixed-method study with a retrospective cohort component for which data from 661 infant records were extracted from the main health office's database, with a subset of 328 infant deaths selected for verbal autopsy analysis.

Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement.

Maize () is India's third-largest grain crop, serving as a primary food source for at least 30% of the population and sustaining 900 million impoverished people globally. The growing human population has led to an increasing demand for maize grains. However, maize cultivation faces significant challenges due to a variety of environmental factors, including both biotic and abiotic stresses.

A Prospective, Observational, Open-Label, Non-comparative, Multi-center Study for the Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Levonadifloxacin (Intravenous and Oral) in Patients With Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.

Background Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) is associated with a substantial healthcare burden. The emergence of multi-drug resistance in  is becoming an increasing concern in the management of CABP. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of levonadifloxacin in the treatment of CABP, focusing on both oral and intravenous (IV) therapy.

Decoding the Role of Kinesin Superfamily Proteins in Glioma Progression.

Glioma is a highly aggressive and invasive brain tumor with limited treatment options, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) are a diverse group of motor proteins that play essential roles in cellular processes such as mitosis, intracellular transport, and signal transduction, all of which are crucial for tumorigenesis. This review focuses on the multifaceted role of KIFs in glioma, examining their clinical relevance, contribution to tumor progression, and potential as therapeutic targets.

A Comprehensive Review of the Diversity of Fungal Secondary Metabolites and Their Emerging Applications in Healthcare and Environment.

Fungi and their natural products, like secondary metabolites, have gained a huge demand in the last decade due to their increasing applications in healthcare, environmental cleanup, and biotechnology-based industries. The fungi produce these secondary metabolites (SMs) during the different phases of their growth, which are categorized into terpenoids, alkaloids, polyketides, and non-ribosomal peptides. These SMs exhibit significant biological activity, which contributes to the formulation of novel pharmaceuticals, biopesticides, and environmental bioremediation agents.

The neuroprotective role of volatile oils: insights into chemical profiles, characteristics, neurochemical mechanisms, and preclinical studies in Alzheimer's disease.

Volatile oils (VOs), synonymously termed essential oils (EOs), are highly hydrophobic liquids obtained from aromatic plants, containing diverse organic compounds for example terpenes and terpenoids. These oils exhibit significant neuroprotective properties, containing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, glutamate activation, cholinesterase inhibitory action, and anti-protein aggregatory action, making them potential therapeutic agents in managing neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). VOs regulate glutamate activation, enhance synaptic plasticity, and inhibit oxidative stress through the stimulation of antioxidant enzymes.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Stem Cell Therapies for Pain in Diabetic Neuropathy, Osteoarthritis, and Spinal Cord Injuries.

Purpose Of Review: The use of stem cell therapy is a rapidly evolving and progressing frontier of science that has been used to treat illnesses such as malignancies, immunodeficiencies, and metabolic syndromes. This review aims to give an overview of the use of stem cell therapy in the treatment of pain caused by diabetic neuropathy, osteoarthritis, and other spinal cord pathologies.

Recent Findings: Pain is defined as a generalized or localized feeling of distress related to a physical or emotional stimulus and can be caused by a multitude of pathologies.

First clinical post-approval, observational study to assess clinical safety and effectiveness of brivaracetam sustained-release formulation in real-life settings of India: BEAM study.

Purpose: Brivaracetam (BRV) sustained-release (SR) tablets have recently been approved to treat focal seizures in India. SR formulations enhance patient adherence and quality of life (QoL). We assessed safety and effectiveness of BRV-SR for epilepsy management in Indian real-life settings.

Green synthesis of Ag-Fe bimetallic nanoparticles using fungal filtrates: unlocking multifunctional medical and environmental applications.

The current investigation focuses on synthesizing Ag-Fe bimetallic nanoparticles (AgFe-BMNPs) using cell-free filtrates of the as a novel fungal reducing agent. The optical, morphological, and surface properties of these fungus-fabricated AgFe-BMNPs and their monometallic counterparts (AgNPs and FeNPs) were analyzed using sophisticated nanotechnology instruments. The UV-visible spectrum showed peaks at 231 nm and 415 nm for BMNPs and 450 nm and 386 nm for AgNPs and FeNPs, respectively.

VGX: VGG19-Based Gradient Explainer Interpretable Architecture for Brain Tumor Detection in Microscopy Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MMRI).

The development of deep learning algorithms has transformed medical image analysis, especially in brain tumor recognition. This research introduces a robust automatic microbrain tumor identification method utilizing the VGG16 deep learning model. Microscopy magnetic resonance imaging (MMRI) scans extract detailed features, providing multi-modal insights.

TiO-sodium alginate core-shell nanosystem for higher antimicrobial wound healing application.

Wounds that are not properly managed can cause complications. Prompt and proper care is essential, to prevent microbial infection. Growing interest in metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) for innovative wound treatments targeting healing and microbial infections.

Isolated Cardiac Echinococcosis of Interventricular Septum.

Cardiac cystic echinococcosis is a rare form of cystic hydatid disease. Hydatid cysts are multilocular and are picked up incidentally. We here describe a case of an isolated unilocular cardiac hydatid cyst of the interventricular septum with multimodality imaging, treatment approach, and operative findings.

Identifying Drug Prescription in Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Patients in India.

This study evaluated initial antihypertensive drug prescription patterns in Indian healthcare settings. An observational, cross-sectional, prospective prescription registry analyzed prescriptions for 4723 newly diagnosed hypertension patients. Additionally, it investigated the extent to which physicians adhered to either European or Indian hypertension guidelines.

Biosafety and Withdrawal Period of In-Feed Administered Antiparasitic Drug Emamectin Benzoate in Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822).

Parasitic infestations are one of the most economically important disease conditions in the Indian major carps including mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala. This study reported the biosafety and tissue withdrawal of in-feed administered antiparasitic drug, emamectin benzoate (EMB). To evaluate the biosafety of the drug, behaviour, growth and tissue changes in Cirrhinus mrigala was recorded the following in-feed administration of EMB up to 10 times (T1-50 μg kg fish day (1×), T2-125 μg kg fish day (2.

From Gut to Brain: The Impact of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Brain Cancer.

The primary source of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), now recognized as critical mediators of host health, particularly in the context of neurobiology and cancer development, is the gut microbiota's fermentation of dietary fibers. Recent research highlights the complex influence of SCFAs, such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, on brain cancer progression. These SCFAs impact immune modulation and the tumor microenvironment, particularly in brain tumors like glioma.

Predicting Paediatric Brain Disorders from MRI Images Using Advanced Deep Learning Techniques.

The problem at hand is the significant global health challenge posed by children's diseases, where timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and management. Conventional diagnosis techniques are typical, use tedious processes and generate inaccurate results since they are executed by human beings and cause delays in treatment that can be fatal. Considering these and other shortcomings there exists a need to have more efficient and accurate solutions based on artificial intelligence.

Pharmaceutical Salts: Comprehensive Insights From Fundamental Chemistry to FDA Approvals (2019-2023).

Pharmaceutical salts are a cornerstone in drug development, offering a robust, economical, and industry-friendly option for improving the crucial physicochemical properties of drugs, particularly solubility and dissolution. This review article explores all critical aspects of salt formation, including its importance, the basic chemistry involved, the principles governing counterion selection, the range of counterions used, and the methods for preparing salts along with their advantages and limitations. Additionally, it explores analytical techniques for confirming salt formation and the different approaches various countries adopt in considering new salts as intellectual property.

Advanced Targeted Therapy for Colorectal Cancer with Lipid Nanoparticles.

Targeted therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) appears to have great potential with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The advances in LNP-based techniques, such as liposomes, exosomes, micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nano-cubosomes, and plant- derived LNPs (PDLNPs), are explored in detail in this thorough review. Every platform provides distinct advantages: liposomes enable precise drug release and improved delivery; exosomes function as organic nanocarriers for focused treatment; SLNs offer greater stability; micelles enhance drug solubility and resistance; nano-cubosomes tackle low bioavailability; and PDLNPs offer biocompatible substitutes.