Next Generation of Solid Target Radionuclide Antibody Conjugates for Tumor Immuno-Therapy.

Immune checkpoint therapy has emerged as an effective treatment option for various types of cancers. Key immune checkpoint molecules, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), have become pivotal targets in cancer immunotherapy. Antibodies designed to inhibit these molecules have demonstrated significant clinical efficacy.

PGE2 binding to EP2 promotes ureteral stone expulsion by relaxing ureter via the cAMP-PKA pathway.

Background: This study investigated the relaxation effect of PGE2 on the ureter and its role in promoting calculi expulsion following calculi development.

Methods: By using immunofluorescence and Western blot, we were able to locate EP receptors in the ureter. In vitro experiments assessed the impact of PGE2, receptor antagonists, and agonists on ureteral relaxation rate.

Preclinical imaging evaluation of a bispecific antibody targeting hPD1/CTLA4 using humanized mice.

Background: The lack of an efficient way to screen patients who are responsive to immunotherapy challenges PD1/CTLA4-targeting cancer treatment. Immunotherapeutic efficacy cannot be clearly determined by peripheral blood analyses, tissue gene markers or CT/MR value. Here, we used a radionuclide and imaging techniques to investigate the novel dual targeted antibody cadonilimab (AK104) in PD1/CTLA4-positive cells in vivo.

Correlation between metabolic syndrome and periurethral prostatic fibrosis: results of a prospective study.

Background: Prostatic fibrosis, characterized by the accumulation of myofibroblasts and collagen deposition, is closely associated with LUTS and may lead to mechanical obstruction of the urethra. Additionally, Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), characterized by central obesity, high blood sugar, lipid metabolism disorders, and hypertension, is increasingly recognized as a proinflammatory condition linked to prostate inflammation.

Methods: Clinical data from 108 subjects who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate or bipolar plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate were prospectively collected between June 2021 and August 2022.

Ontology-based taxonomical analysis of experimentally verified natural and laboratory human coronavirus hosts and its implication for COVID-19 virus origination and transmission.

To fully understand COVID-19, it is critical to study all possible hosts of SARS-CoV-2 (the pathogen of COVID-19). In this work, we collected, annotated, and performed ontology-based taxonomical analysis of all the reported and verified hosts for all human coronaviruses including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1. A total of 37 natural hosts and 19 laboratory animal hosts of human coronaviruses were identified based on experimental evidence.

An iodine‑labelled Antibody-drug conjugate PET probe for noninvasive monitoring of Nectin-4 expression in urothelial carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: Some kinds of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with high affinity to Nectin-4 have demonstrated breakthrough progress in the third-line setting for bladder cancer. However, many patients are still difficult to benefit from treatment based on the heterogeneity of tumour. As the most advanced auxiliary treatment technology, treatment visualization can most intuitively predict the effectiveness of drug treatment, and timely detect the occurrence of drug resistance.

Construction and preclinical evaluation of a zirconium-89 labelled monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L2 in lung cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to design a novel tracer targeting programmed cell death-ligand 2 (PD-L2) to dynamically monitor PD-L2 expression and perform preclinical screening to identify patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICI) therapy.

Methods: Zr labelling of DFO-conjugated PD-L2 antibody (ATL2) was carried out in NaCO buffer at pH 7 (37 °C, 1 h). In vitro stability was analysed using radio-thin layer chromatography (radio-TLC).

The Increased TIGIT-Expressing CD3CD56 Cells Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease and Its Inflammatory Environment.

We aimed to examine the correlation of T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT)-expressing CD3 + CD56 + cells (TNKS) with coronary artery disease (CAD), atherosclerotic lesion progression, and inflammatory environment. A total of 199 subjects, including 98 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 52 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), and 49 control subjects, were recruited in the study. The TIGIT-expressing TNKS were quantified by flow cytometric analysis; the severity of coronary artery lesions was evaluated by the Gensini score.

PARP1 negatively regulates transcription of BLM through its interaction with HSP90AB1 in prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignant disease affecting a significant number of males globally. Elevated expression of the Bloom's syndrome protein (BLM) helicase has emerged as a promising cancer biomarker, being associated with the onset and progression of PCa. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms governing BLM regulation in PCa remain elusive.

Comparison of renal clearance of [F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH and [F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH in mice and breast cancer patients.

Purpose: A novel HER2 affibody-based molecular probe, [F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH, was developed for reducing renal uptake, evaluated, and compared with [F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH.

Methods: In preclinical studies, micro-PET/CT was performed using HER2-positive gastric cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDX) model at 0.5-1 (dynamic), 2, 4, and 6 h post-injection.

Correlation of apolipoprotein A-I with T cell subsets and interferon-ү in coronary artery disease.

Background: The association of Apolipoprotein A-I (APOAI) with T cell subsets and interferon-ү (IFN-γ) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has been not reported. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of APOAI with T cell subsets and IFN-γ in CAD.

Methods: This study included a total of 107 patients with CAD including acute coronary syndrome and chronic coronary syndrome.

Preclinical Evaluation of a Fibroblast Activation Protein and a Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Dual-Targeted Probe for Noninvasive Prostate Cancer Imaging.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a prostate cancer target that plays a crucial role in prostate cancer diagnosis and therapy. Herein, a novel dual-targeted imaging probe, [Ga]Ga-FAPI-PSMA, was prepared by radiolabeling conjugated DOTA-FAPI-PSMA with the short half-life radionuclide gallium-68 (Ga), which is dedicated to prostate cancer diagnostic imaging. In vitro, [Ga]Ga-FAPI-PSMA had higher affinity for the PSMA and FAP high-expressing cell lines 22Rv1 and U87 MG with IC values of 4.

Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a I-Labeled Specific Antibody Targeting PD-L2 in Lung Cancer.

Programmed cell death-ligand 2 (PD-L2) is an important emerging molecule of the immune checkpoint, which is closely related to the prognosis of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. The quantification of PD-L2 can provide a potential reference for patients who benefit from ICI treatment. In this study, we used iodine isotope (I)-labeled PD-L2 antibody (ATL2) to noninvasively detect PD-L2 expression in mice with human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell lines.

Hyperhomocysteinemia exacerbates acute kidney injury increased mitochondrial damage.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex and common set of multifactorial clinical syndromes, and associated with increased in-hospital mortality. There is increasing evidence that Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is highly associated with the development of a variety of kidney diseases, including AKI. However, the pathogenesis of HHcy in AKI remains unclear.

Construction of an Iodine-Labeled CS1001 Antibody for Targeting PD-L1 Detection and Comparison with Low-Molecular-Peptide Micro-PET Imaging.

Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), the research focus in immune checkpoint regulation, play an important role in tumor immunotherapy. Inhibitors of this pathway are also the focus of tumor immunotherapy research. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can be blocked by selective binding to PD-L1.

The relationship between soluble lymphocyte activation gene-3 and coronary artery disease.

Background: Soluble lymphocyte activation gene 3 (sLAG3) may be used for diagnosis or prognosis in various diseases. However, the relationship between sLAG3 and coronary artery disease (CAD) are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the levels of sLAG3 in patients with CAD, and its potential clinical association with the disease.

High in-vivo stability in preclinical and first-in-human experiments with [F]AlF-RESCA-MIRC213: a F-labeled nanobody as PET radiotracer for diagnosis of HER2-positive cancers.

Purpose: [F]AlF-RESCA was introduced as a core particularly useful for F-labeling of heat-sensitive biomolecules. However, no translational studies have been reported up to now. Herein, we reported the first-in-human evaluation of an F-labeled anti-HER2 nanobody MIRC213 as a PET radiotracer for imaging HER2-positive cancers.

Construction of a I-Labeled Specific Antibody for the Noninvasive Detection of Mesothelin-Overexpressing Tumors.

Mesothelin (MSLN) is a molecular biomarker of many types of solid tumors, such as mesothelioma, pancreatic cancer, and colon cancer. Owing to the significant difference in expression between cancer cells and normal cells, mesothelin has been widely used as a key target in cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we used iodine isotope (I)-labeled mesothelin antibodies to noninvasively detect MSLN expression in mice with LS174T colon cancer.

Construction of a novel rabbit model of ureteral calculi implanted with flowable resin.

Background: The purpose of this study was to characterize the pathophysiological changes of hydronephrosis caused by ureteral calculi obstruction in a new rabbit ureteral calculi model by implanting flowable resin.

Methods: Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: the calculi group and the sham control group. In the calculi group (n = 20), rabbits were operated at left lower abdomen and the left ureter was exposed.

The P.R.OS.T.A.T.E Nomogram for the Preoperative Prediction of Clinical Efficacy of Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients.

Purpose: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is often indicated for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Some patients, however, fail to adequately respond to these interventions. Accordingly, a powerful prediction model for TURP efficacy is warranted.

Muscle strength performed better than muscle mass in identifying cognitive impairment risk in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Objectives: The association between muscle mass and cognitive impairment (CI) is conflicting. We aimed to evaluate and compare the associations of muscle strength, muscle mass and CI risk in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study.