Preventive effect of YH1136 against uric acid accumulation and renal damages.

Background: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a prevalent metabolic disorder whose development is associated with intestinal microbiota. Therefore, probiotics have emerged as a potential and safe approach for lowering uric acid (UA) levels. However, the underlying mechanisms of many effective probiotic strains remain unknown.

Ability of to internalize into .

The following are our views regarding the "letter to the editor" ( is preserved in yeast vacuoles! Does Koch's postulates confirm it?) by Alipour and Gaeini, and the response "letter to the editor" ( accommodates non-culturable in its vacuole-Koch's postulates aren't applicable) by Siavoshi and Saniee. Alipour and Gaeini rejected the methods, results, discussion, and conclusions summarized in a review article by Siavoshi and Saniee. The present article reviews and discusses evidence on the evolutionary adaptation of () to thrive in cell vacuoles and concludes that could act as a Trojan horse, transporting potentially infectious into the stomach of humans.

Orexin-A mediates glioblastoma proliferation inhibition by increasing ferroptosis triggered by unstable iron pools and GPX4 depletion.

Glioblastoma (GBM) represents a prevalent form of primary malignant tumours in the central nervous system, but the options for effective treatment are extremely limited. Ferroptosis, as the most enriched programmed cell death process in glioma, makes a critical difference in glioma progression. Consequently, inducing ferroptosis has become an appealing strategy for tackling gliomas.

A New Indole Derivative, LWX-473, Overcomes Glucocorticoid Resistance in Jurkat Cells by Activating Mediators of Apoptosis.

Background: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are commonly used as the primary chemotherapy for lymphoid malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the development of GC resistance limits their prolonged use.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the potential of a newly synthesized indole derivative called LWX-473, in combination with the classic GC Dexamethasone (DEX), to enhance the responsiveness of Jurkat cells to GC treatment.

Polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale delay diabetic kidney disease interstitial fibrosis through LncRNA XIST/TGF-β1.

Purpose: Renal interstitial fibrosis is a pathological manifestation of the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (DOP), one of the major active components of Dendrobium officinale, have hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects and are used clinically to treat diabetes. However, the role of DOP in delaying DKD progression remains unclear.

Blockade of a novel MAP4K4-LATS2-SASH1-YAP1 cascade inhibits tumorigenesis and metastasis in luminal breast cancer.

Novel components in the noncanonical Hippo pathway that mediate the growth, metastasis, and drug resistance of breast cancer (BC) cells need to be identified. Here, we showed that expression of SAM and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (SASH1) is negatively correlated with expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) in a subpopulation of patients with luminal-subtype BC. Downregulated SASH1 and upregulated MAP4K4 synergistically regulated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of luminal-subtype BC cells.

Mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapy and immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: promising strategies to overcoming challenges.

Resistance to targeted therapy and immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a significant challenge in the treatment of this disease. The mechanisms of resistance are multifactorial and include molecular target alterations and activation of alternative pathways, tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment change, immune evasion, and immunosuppression. Promising strategies for overcoming resistance include the development of combination therapies, understanding the resistance mechanisms to better use novel drug targets, the identification of biomarkers, the modulation of the tumor microenvironment and so on.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors vs. metformin for new-onset dementia: a propensity score-matched cohort study.

Background: Hypoglycemic pharmacotherapy interventions for alleviating the risk of dementia remains controversial, particularly about dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors versus metformin. Our objective was to investigate whether the initiation of DPP4 inhibitors, as opposed to metformin, was linked to a reduced risk of dementia.

Methods: We included individuals with type 2 diabetes over 40 years old who were new users of DPP4 inhibitors or metformin in the Chinese Renal Disease Data System (CRDS) database between 2009 and 2020.

Efficacy and Safety of Gabapentinoids for Acute Herpes Zoster Neuralgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of gabapentin and pregabalin in the treatment of acute herpes zoster (HZ) neuralgia, including pain control and the occurrence of adverse effects.

Methods: A systematic computerized search was conducted in October 2023 in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing gabapentin analogs for the treatment of acute HZ neuralgia were searched.

Regulating Tumor-Associated Macrophage Polarization by Cyclodextrin-Modified PLGA Nanoparticles Loaded with R848 for Treating Colon Cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a novel and feasible modification strategy to improve the solubility and antitumor activity of resiquimod (R848) by utilizing the supramolecular effect of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (2-HP-β-CD).

Methods: R848-loaded PLGA nanoparticles modified with 2-HP-β-CD (CD@R848@NPs) were synthesized using an enhanced emulsification solvent-evaporation technique. The nanoparticles were then characterized in vitro by several methods, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, particle size analysis, and zeta potential analysis.

Long-term follow-up of the cognitive function in children after intravitreal ranibizumab for retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term cognitive function in children treated with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) for retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), and the impact of IVR on the growth and ocular development.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the premature children aged 4 to 9 years who received monotherapy of IVR (IVR group, n = 25) or monotherapy of laser photocoagulation (LP) (LP group, n = 33) for ROP, and the same age premature children with no ROP (Control group, n = 26) were enrolled from 2020 to 2022 in the pediatric fundus clinic of Shenzhen Eye Hospital. Main outcome measures were full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) and index score using the Chinese version of the Wechsler intelligence scale for children-fourth edition (WISC-IV) and Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence-fourth edition (WPPSI-IV).

Association of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors vs Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors With Pneumonia, COVID-19, and Other Adverse Respiratory Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Our aim in this study was to systematically assess the association of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) vs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) with pneumonia, COVID-19, and adverse respiratory events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were retrieved to include studies on DM patients receiving SGLT2i (exposure group) or DPP4i (control group). Stata version 15.

Di-n-butyl phthalate induces toxicity in male fetal mouse testicular development by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway.

"White pollution" has a significant impact on male reproduction. Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is one of the most important factors in this type of pollution. Currently, research from international sources has demonstrated the significant reproductive toxicity of DBP.

Pharmacogenetic intervention improves treatment outcomes in Chinese adult men with schizophrenia.

To investigate the clinical application value of pharmacogenetic testing in individualized drug therapy for adult male patients with schizophrenia. A total of 186 adult patients with schizophrenia were enrolled and randomised into the pharmacogenetic (PGx) intervention group and the standard care group. In the PGx intervention group, PGx testing was performed, and the medication regimen was adjusted according to the results of the pharmacogenomic analysis.

Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 3C Can Affect the Proliferation and Invasion of Ovarian Cancer by Regulating the p53 Signalling Pathway.

Background: Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 3C (EIF3C) represents a pivotal translational initiation factor in eukaryotes and has been shown to facilitate the progression of various neoplasms. However, its mechanistic role in ovarian cancer remains elusive.

Methods: In this research, the expression of EIF3C in ovarian cancer tissues was investigated using immunohistochemistry.

Roles of gut microbiota in androgenetic alopecia: insights from Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of androgen-associated hair loss. Previous studies have indicated an association between the gut microbiota and AGA. To delve deeper, we executed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the potential causal relationship between the gut microbiota and AGA.

Vulnerable brain regions in adolescent major depressive disorder: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis.

Background: Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant mental health concern that often leads to recurrent depression in adulthood. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) offers unique insights into the neural mechanisms underlying this condition. However, despite previous research, the specific vulnerable brain regions affected in adolescent MDD patients have not been fully elucidated.

Assessing recent recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma by a predictive model based on sarcopenia.

Background: Sarcopenia may be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following hepatectomy. But traditional single clinical variables are still insufficient to predict recurrence. We still lack effective prediction models for recent recurrence (time to recurrence < 2 years) after hepatectomy for HCC.

Silent information regulator sirtuin 1 ameliorates acute liver failure the p53/glutathione peroxidase 4/gasdermin D axis.

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) has a high mortality with widespread hepatocyte death involving ferroptosis and pyroptosis. The silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-mediated deacetylation affects multiple biological processes, including cellular senescence, apoptosis, sugar and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Aim: To investigate the association between ferroptosis and pyroptosis and the upstream regulatory mechanisms.