Sea level rise and coastal flooding risks in the Gulf of Guinea.

The Gulf of Guinea (GoG) is highly vulnerable to sea level rise, with projections indicating a significant increase in permanently inundated land by 2100, ranging from 1,458.1 to 4,331.7 km.

What does it cost to deliver antenatal care in Papua New Guinea? Results from a health system costing and budget impact analysis using cross-sectional data.

Objective: In Papua New Guinea (PNG), antenatal clinic attendance averaged 50% for one or more visits, and 30% for four visits in the last decade. In 2016, the WHO revised its focused antenatal care (ANC) model recommending eight rather than four visits. If implemented, this new model would require additional resources.

Targeting TMEM16A ion channels suppresses airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, and remodeling in an experimental Guinea pig asthma model.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. Calcium (Ca)-activated chloride (Cl) channels, such as TMEM16A, are inferred to be involved in asthma. Therefore, the present study investigated the therapeutic potential of TMEM16A inhibition in a guinea pig model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma.

Immunogenic Consideration of a Designed Polypeptide Against Brucellosis Compared to RB51: An Study.

Background: Brucellosis in livestock and its transmission to humans through the consumption of contaminated dairy products is an important issue. The introduction of new approaches using immunogenic proteins against and diagnosing brucellosis is a serious issue in human health.

Methods: contains five proteins including: MOXR family ATPase-α2, T9SS C-terminal target domain-containing protein, Cobyric acid synthase, Hypothetical protein, and VirB11 type IV Secretion protein, which were considered and the designed recombinant polypeptide was produced and evaluated.

World Health Organization African Region national heads of units of diagnostics and laboratory services meetings proceedings.

Background: In the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region, many cases of serious and preventable diseases remain unmanaged because appropriate and good quality diagnostic support is not available at all levels within countries' health systems. Diagnostic and laboratory services influence the efficiency and effectiveness of both clinical and public health functions, including diagnosis, treatment, health promotion, disease prevention, surveillance and response, and research. Essential to global health security, these services are vital to decision-making processes by clinicians, epidemiologists, public health specialists, and health policymakers.

Using drones to improve care for HIV-exposed children in Conakry, Republic of Guinea: Anthropological perspectives.

In Conakry, Guinea, like many other African capitals, traffic congestion is a major obstacle to transporting blood samples from peripheral health centres to laboratories where tests are centralised. This situation complicates early HIV testing of HIV-exposed children (i.e.

Enhanced pathogenicity and synergistic effects of co-infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and HoBi-like virus in cattle and guinea pigs.

Introduction: The Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus 1 (BVDV1) and HoBi-like virus (BVDV3), both within the same genus, share genomic homology and exhibit low antigenic cross-reactivity despite presenting similar clinical manifestations. In 2021, a bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) outbreak on two cattle farms in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China resulted in ten fatalities.

Methods: Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses were used to identify viral agents, including a co-infection case.

An Alarming Eastward Front of Cassava Mosaic Disease in Development in West Africa.

Begomoviruses are a major threat to cassava production in Africa. Indeed, during the 1990s, the emergence of a recombinant begomovirus (East African cassava mosaic virus-Uganda, EACMV-Ug) resulted in crop devastation and severe famine in Uganda. In 2023, during a pre-survey of cassava farms at Forécariah, South-West Guinea, 22 samples showing peculiar cassava mosaic disease (CMD) symptoms were collected, and subsequent laboratory analysis confirmed the presence of EACMV-Ug in the samples.

Efficiency of Desiccation, Biomass Production, and Nutrient Accumulation in Zuri and Quênia Guinea Grasses in Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems and Second-Crop Maize.

Modern agriculture faces the challenge of increasing production without expanding cultivated areas, promoting sustainable practices that ensure food security and environmental preservation. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLSs) stand out as an effective strategy, diversifying and intensifying agricultural production in a sustainable manner, ensuring adequate soil cover, and improving nutrient cycling efficiency. Thus, this study aimed to explore and compare integrated crop-livestock systems with Zuri guinea grass ( cv.

Automaticity of the Pulmonary Vein Myocardium and the Effect of Class I Antiarrhythmic Drugs.

The pulmonary vein wall contains a myocardial layer whose ectopic automaticity is the major cause of atrial fibrillation. This review summarizes the results obtained in isolated pulmonary vein myocardium from small experimental animals, focusing on the studies with the guinea pig. The diversity in the action potential waveform reflects the difference in the repolarizing potassium channel currents involved.

Effects of Prolonged Cold Stress on Vascular Function in Guinea Pigs With Atherosclerosis.

Research Objective: This study explored the effects of long-term cold stress (CS) on aortic vascular function in guinea pigs.

Research Methods: Hartley guinea pigs (n = 32) were divided into the following groups: atherosclerosis (AS), CS, and menthol-stimulated (M), and control (C). On days 1, 15, 30, 45, and 60, guinea pigs in the AS, CS, and M groups were intraperitoneally injected with bovine serum albumin.

Factors Associated with the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Primary Healthcare Workers Regarding Neglected Tropical Diseases with Skin Manifestations in the Dakar Region, Senegal, 2022.

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with skin manifestations present a significant health and societal problems challenge worldwide. This study aimed to analyzed factors associated with the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of primary healthcare workers (HCW) concerning NTDs with skin manifestations in the Dakar region of Senegal. We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing a semi-structured questionnaire which was administered to eligible HCW (general practitioners, nurses and midwives) working at the 24 health centers located in the Dakar region.

Experience of Health System Personnel in the Implementation of Mass Distribution Campaigns for the Control of Lymphatic Filariasis in Rural Guinea in 2022.

This study documents the experiences of health system personnel in the implementation of mass distribution campaigns for the control of lymphatic filariasis in rural Guinea. This was an exploratory qualitative study using data collected from implementing actors of mass distribution campaigns in the Boké health district. The results showed four main facilitators of mass distribution campaign rollout in the Boké health district: (i) support to the district teams in the organization of the campaigns; (ii) involvement of community-based associations in social mobilization; (iii) strong adherence of the communities to the different mass distribution campaigns, facilitated through the involvement of community relays, who are members of these communities, in the distribution of drugs; and (iv) transparency in the allocation of incentives to drug dispensers and supervisors.

Plasma Concentration as a Proxy for Perilymph Drug Levels: Preclinical and Clinical Dexamethasone Measures with a Long-Acting Formulation for Precise Delivery to the Round Window Membrane.

Objective: To use animal pharmacokinetic data and FluidSIM modeling to estimate human dexamethasone perilymph concentrations from plasma concentration measurements over time following a single intratympanic administration of SPT-2101.

Study Design: Perilymph and plasma dexamethasone concentrations were measured in guinea pigs and African green monkeys over 3 to 6 weeks post-intratympanic administration of SPT-2101. Plasma concentrations of dexamethasone were measured in Ménière's disease patients post-intratympanic administration of SPT-2101.

Optimum processing conditions for a trivalent-inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccine using field strains and immunogenicity of candidate formulations with different adjuvants.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is among the common bovine pathogens worldwide. One of the prominent protection measures of BVDV is vaccination. This study aimed to determine the growth characteristics, inactivation kinetics of vaccine candidates using local BVDV strains [TR-26 (BVDV-1f), TR-21 (BVDV-1l), and TR-15 (BVDV-2b)], and the serological response in experimental animals to inactivated BVDV vaccine formulations prepared with different adjuvants.

Antigenicity evaluation of lac color and exploratory study for identifying potential biomarkers of anaphylaxis.

Background: Lac color, a natural red dye derived from the larvae of laccifer lacca kerr, is one of the most commonly used substances in food. To date, no studies have reported on the antigenicity of lac color and the other biomarkers that can determine anaphylactic reactions. To address this, we evaluated the antigenicity of lac color through active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) in addition to identifying potential biomarkers performing exploratory studies.

Evaluation of Vaccines and Therapeutics Against Ebolaviruses in the Domestic Ferret.

Filoviruses, including Ebola and Marburg viruses, have caused periodic outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic disease in humans and nonhuman primates (NHP), resulting in major public health emergencies primarily in endemic areas. Filovirus disease has also been exported to developed nations, where it has been equally disruptive. There are four ebolaviruses (Ebola virus, Sudan virus, Bundibugyo virus, and Taï Forest virus) and two marburgviruses [Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus] known to cause disease in humans, yet vaccines and therapeutics have only been approved for Ebola virus.