Correction: Association between type 2 diabetes and branched chain amino acids (BCAA); a case-control study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01247-9.].

The association between neutrophil and lymphocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and metabolic syndrome among Iranian population, finding from Bandare Kong cohort study.

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the co-occurrence of various metabolic risk factors, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study investigates the potential of hematological indices, specifically the neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) and lymphocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LHR), as predictors of MetS in a population from southern Iran.

Methods: Utilizing baseline data from the Bandare-Kong Non-Communicable Diseases (BKNCD) Cohort, part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN), A total of 2,684 participants aged 35-70 years were analyzed.

Dietary patterns and premature coronary artery disease: result from the Iran premature coronary artery disease (IPAD) study.

Background: Premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) is one of the major health concerns leading to considerable death and disabilities. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of dietary patterns with risk of PCAD.

Methods: Iran premature coronary diseases (IPAD) is a case-control study consists of 3159 participants.

The emerging role of the microglia triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) 2 in multiple sclerosis.

Background: The chronic inflammatory condition known as multiple sclerosis (MS) causes inflammation and demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS). The activation of multiple cell types, including the CNS's resident immune cells called microglia, is a component of the immunological response in MS. Recently, the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) family has emerged as a crucial player in modulating microglial function and subsequent neuroinflammation.

Effect of different surface treatments on retention and fracture strength of zirconia crowns over Ti-base zirconia abutments.

Background: Limited evidence suggested different outcomes of surface treatment methods on zirconia abutments and crowns. Therefore, we investigated the effect of grooving, hot etching, and airborne particle abrasion (APA) methods on zirconia crowns over Ti-base zirconia abutments retention and fracture strength.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 110 zirconia crowns and abutments were divided into five groups, including APA for crown and grooved zirconia abutment (APACr-GrAb), APA for crown and hot etching zirconia abutment (APACr-HtAb), grooved modified zirconia crown and APA for zirconia abutments (GrCr-APAAb), hot etching modified zirconia crown and APA for zirconia abutments (HtCr-APAAb), and APA for both crown and zirconia abutments (control group).

Botulinum toxin injection versus lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

Background: Anal fissures, tears in the epithelium of the anal canal that cause pain and bleeding, have a lifetime prevalence of 11%. While surgical treatments, such as lateral internal sphincterotomy are traditional, they pose postoperative complications. Recent studies investigated less invasive options involving botulinum toxin injection, showing promise with fewer adverse effects.

A novel index for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Cholesterol, High density lipoprotein, and Glucose (CHG) index.

Background: Gold standard methods of type 2 diabetes mellitus are expensive and therefore not practical for large scale studies in low-income countries. We have investigated the total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and glucose (CHG) index for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus index which is derived from fasting state. In this study we aimed to compare the accuracy of with CHG index and triglycerides (TG) and glucose levels (TyG) as surrogates of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Designing, implementing and evaluating childbirth training protocol for undergraduate midwifery students with a computer and mobile application based on gamification method: study protocol.

Background: Clinical education plays a very important role in creating the necessary abilities and skills in the students of medical sciences. Any problem in clinical education complicates the patient safety and quality of health care delivery. In this regard, "continuous evaluation", "educational innovation", and "participatory learning" will contribute to more efficiency, and all the mentioned items can be implemented in gamification.

Clinical and Sociodemographic Predictors of Parental Perceptions and Confidence in Managing Child Stuttering: a Cross-Sectional Study.

The main aim of the current study was to identify and analyze the most significant clinical and sociodemographic predictors of parents' perceptions regarding their child's stuttering. 139 parents, with at least one child who stutters, completed both the Persian version of the Palin Parent Rating Scale (P-Palin PRS) and a sociodemographic and clinical checklist. To investigate the relationships between scores on the Palin PRS factors and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, we conducted univariable analyses using Pearson correlation coefficients, independent t-tests, and one-way ANOVA.

Does choline have an effect on Transient Global Amnesia (TGA)?

Background: Choline was frequently reported to have some beneficial effects on memory function. However, the association of dietary choline with different types of amnesia is not well understood. The objective of this study was to examine the association between dietary intake of choline and transient global amnesia (TGA).

Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neuroretinitis: A Case Report Documenting Transretinal Migration of Nematodes.

Purpose: To report two cases of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) from northern Iran and to present the sequential imaging.

Methods: Two patients with large subretinal nematodes were evaluated and managed in our clinic. Serial fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging were used to document the course of the disease.

Modulation of inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus through gut microbiome-targeted interventions: An umbrella review on meta-analyses.

Background & Aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant global health challenge due to various lifestyle factors contributing to its prevalence and associated complications. Chronic low-grade inflammation, characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Modulation of the gut microbiota through microbiome-targeted therapy (MTT), including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, has emerged as a potential strategy to mitigate inflammation and improve metabolic outcomes in T2DM.

Levetiracetam for pediatric migraine prophylaxis: A narrative review.

Background: Migraine, a common primary headache disorder, affects children and adolescents under 18, often bilateral and lasting 2-72  hours, affecting 7.7% of them.

Objective: Recent studies on migraine prevention and treatment in children and adolescents have explored the potential benefits of levetiracetam, considering its side effects and potential effects on migraines.

Cell-free pregnancy-associated microRNAs in blood plasma as potential biomarker in early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Purpose: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is one of the life-threatening disorders in early pregnancy and current strategies are inadequate in its clinical management. There is a need to identify more accurate biomarkers for early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted in a group of 35 women diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy and 31 women with a normal singleton pregnancy.

Therapeutic potential of melatonin-pretreated human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in an animal model of spinal cord injury.

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) show potential for treating neurodegenerative and traumatic diseases due to their neural crest origin. Melatonin (MT), an endogenous neurohormone with well-documented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has shown promising results with MSCs in terms of engraftment, proliferation, and neuronal differentiation in animal SCI models. However, the effects of melatonin preconditioning on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) for SCI treatment remain unclear.

Push-Out Bond Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Post Using Various Post Space Irrigation Treatments.

This study aims to provide the impact of different endodontic irrigation treatments after post space preparation on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts to dentin using self-adhesive cements. A total of 180 extracted premolar teeth were selected. The canals were instrumented by and then were filled.

Comparison of Internal and Marginal Adaptation of Endocrowns at Different Depths Fabricated by the Digital and Conventional Impression Techniques: Internal and Marginal Fit of Endocrowns.

Sufficient information is not available regarding the comparative accuracy of digital and conventional impression techniques at different depths for the fabrication of endocrown restorations. Thus, this study aimed to compare the marginal (M) and internal (I) adaptation of endocrowns at different depths fabricated by the digital and conventional impression techniques. In this in vitro study, two endodontically treated molar teeth with 2- and 4-mm cavity depths were used for the fabrication of endocrowns.

Boron in wound healing: a comprehensive investigation of its diverse mechanisms.

Chronic wounds present a significant clinical challenge due to their prolonged healing time and susceptibility to infection. Boron, a trace element with diverse biological functions, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent in wound healing. This review article comprehensively investigates the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of boron compounds in wound healing.