Food for Special Medical Purposes and Nutraceuticals for Pain: A Narrative Review.

Introduction: The present paper focuses on the possible contribution of food compounds to alleviate symptomatic pains. Chronic pain can more easily be linked to anticipatory signals such as thirst and hunger than it is to sensory perceptions as its chronicity makes it fall under the behavioural category rather than it does senses. In fact, pain often negatively affects one's normal feeding behavioural patterns, both directly and indirectly, as it is associated with pain or because of its prostrating effects.

Reproducibility of internal atrial defibrillation threshold in paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation.

Background: Several pharmacological or technical factors may affect atrial defibrillation threshold (ADFT) for internal cardioversion (ICV) in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: We evaluated the reproducibility of ADFT in lone paroxysmal (electrically induced AF, 10 pts, 51+/-4 years) or persistent AF (15 pts, 64+/-7 years). The AF pattern (F-F interval) was characterised before each ICV attempt.