Melatonin protects aged oocytes from depalmitoylation-mediated quality reduction by promoting PPT1 degradation and antioxidation.

Oocyte aging is closely related to a decline in female fertility, accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species levels and changes in protein posttranslational modifications. However, the role of protein palmitoylation in oocyte aging has not been investigated. In the present study, a new association between redox and palmitoylation in aging oocytes was found.

A preliminary study of microwave ablation (MWA) for Bethesda IV follicular neoplasms (≤3 cm).

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) for the treatment of patients with Bethesda IV follicular neoplasms (FNs) (≤3 cm).

Methods: In the retrospective study, patients who underwent MWA for Bethesda IV follicular neoplasms (≤3 cm) were included. Technical success, volume reduction, disease progression, and adverse event (AE) rates were analyzed postablation.

Inhibitors of NADH-O-methylquinone compound a class of antitubercular drugs.

Disruption of the mycobacterial redox homeostasis leads to irreversible stress induction and cell death. Hydroquinone scaffolds, as a new type of redox cycling anti-tuberculosis chemotypes, exhibit potent bactericidal activity against non-replicating, nutrient-deprived phenotypically drug-resistant bacteria. Evidences from microbiological, biochemical, and genetic studies indicate that the redox-driven mode of action relies on the reduction of quinones by type II NADH dehydrogenase (NDH2), generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) of bactericidal level.

Pilot work of the 10K Chinese People Genomic Diversity Project along the Silk Road suggests a complex east-west admixture landscape and biological adaptations.

Genomic sources from China are underrepresented in the population-specific reference database. We performed whole-genome sequencing or genome-wide genotyping on 1,207 individuals from four linguistically diverse groups (1,081 Sinitic, 56 Mongolic, 40 Turkic, and 30 Tibeto-Burman people) living in North China included in the 10K Chinese People Genomic Diversity Project (10K_CPGDP) to characterize the genetic architecture and adaptative history of ethnic groups in the Silk Road Region of China. We observed a population split between Northwest Chinese minorities (NWCMs) and Han Chinese since the Upper Paleolithic and later Neolithic genetic differentiation within NWCMs.

Experience of breast cancer patients participating in a virtual reality psychological rehabilitation: a qualitative study.

Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in China and worldwide. Apart from cancer, a majority of breast cancer patients suffer from various psychological disorders concurrently. The purpose of this study is to understand the actual experiences of breast cancer patients participating in Virtual Reality (VR) for psychological intervention, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of VR psychological rehabilitation in China.

Right versus left thoracic approach esophagectomy for patients with neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of left thoracic approach (LTA) and right thoracic approach (RTA) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT).

Methods: This study included 83 ESCC patients who underwent right transthoracic esophagectomy ( = 61) and left transthoracic esophagectomy ( = 22) after NICT in our hospital from October 2019 to September 2023. The data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.

An evaluation of mepolizumab as an add-on maintenance treatment for severe eosinophilic asthma.

Introduction: Clinical experience with anti-interleukin (IL)-5 biologic therapies for severe asthma has been increasing, alongside deeper and broader research focusing on the role of IL-5 and the IL-5 targeted mepolizumab. This review aims to provide an update of the evidence on the role of IL-5 and mepolizumab, with discussions of the benefits of mepolizumab and its future potential, to promote the comprehension of the pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches to asthma.

Areas Covered: For this narrative review, we conducted a database search in PubMed and Embase using the keywords 'IL-5' and 'mepolizumab,' focusing on randomized controlled trials and real-world studies up to September 2024.

Screening of Insertion Sites and Tags on EV-A71 VP1 Protein for Recombinant Virus Construction.

This study aimed to create a new recombinant virus by modifying the EV-A71 capsid protein, serving as a useful tool and model for studying human Enteroviruses. We developed a new screening method using EV-A71 pseudovirus particles to systematically identify suitable insertion sites and tag types in the VP1 capsid protein. The pseudovirus's infectivity and replication can be assessed by measuring postinfection luciferase signals.

Inovirus-Encoded Peptides Induce Specific Toxicity in .

is a common opportunistic pathogen associated with nosocomial infections. The primary treatment for infections typically involves antibiotics, which can lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Therefore, there is a pressing need for safe and effective alternative methods.

Animal Models for Human-Pathogenic Coronavirus and Animal Coronavirus Research.

Coronavirus epidemics have posed a serious threat to both human and animal health. To combat emerging infectious diseases caused by coronaviruses, various animal infection models have been developed and applied in research, including non-human primate models, ferret models, hamster models, mouse models, and others. Moreover, new approaches have been utilized to develop animal models that are more susceptible to infection.

HDAC6 Facilitates PRV and VSV Infection by Inhibiting Type I Interferon Production.

HDAC6 modulates viral infection through diverse mechanisms. Here, we investigated the role of HDAC6 in influencing viral infection in pig cells with the aim of exploiting the potential antiviral gene targets in pigs. Using gene knockout and overexpression strategies, we found that HDAC6 knockout greatly reduced PRV and VSV infectivity, whereas HDAC6 overexpression increased their infectivity in PK15 cells.

Synthesis of Headful Packaging Phages Through Yeast Transformation-Associated Recombination.

De novo synthesis of phage genomes enables flexible genome modification and simplification. This study explores the synthetic genome assembly of phage vB_PaeS_SCUT-S4 (S4), a 42,932 bp headful packaging phage, which encapsidates a terminally redundant, double-stranded DNA genome exceeding unit length. We demonstrate that using the yeast TAR approach, the S4 genome can be assembled and rebooted from a unit-length genome plus a minimal 60 bp terminal redundant sequence.

Development of a Luciferase Immunosorbent Assay for Detecting Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus IgG Antibodies Based on Nucleoprotein.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a serious tick-borne disease with a wide geographical distribution. Classified as a level 4 biosecurity risk pathogen, CCHF can be transmitted cross-species due to its aerosol infectivity and ability to cause severe hemorrhagic fever outbreaks with high morbidity and mortality. However, current methods for detecting anti-CCHFV antibodies are limited.

Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics to Reveal the Antitumor Mechanism of Polysaccharide-Based Nanocarriers in Enhancing Photodynamic Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer.

: The mechanism of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers in enhancing photodynamic immunotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly understood. : The effects of TPA-3BCP-loaded cholesteryl hemisuccinate- polysaccharide nanoparticles (DOP@3BCP NPs) and their potential molecular mechanism of action in a tumor-bearing mouse model of CRC were investigated using non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics. Meanwhile, a histopathological analysis (H&E staining, Ki67 staining, and TUNEL assay) and a qRT-PCR analysis revealed the antitumor effects of DOP@3BCP NPs with and without light activation.

Roles for Exosomes in the Pathogenesis, Drug Delivery and Therapy of Psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent and inflammatory skin disease. Although conventional immunosuppressants can ameliorate psoriatic symptoms, it tends to relapse over time. Previous studies have shown that exosomes from both immune and non-immune cells participate in psoriatic immunopathology.

Peptide Aptamer-Paclitaxel Conjugates for Tumor Targeted Therapy.

: Traditional paclitaxel therapy often results in significant side effects due to its non-specific targeting of cancer cells. Peptide aptamer-paclitaxel conjugates present a promising alternative by covalently attaching paclitaxel to a versatile peptide aptamer via a linker. Compared to antibody-paclitaxel conjugates, peptide aptamer-paclitaxel conjugates offer several advantages, including a smaller size, lower immunogenicity, improved tissue penetration, and easier engineering.

Brussels Chicory Enhances Exhaustive Aerobic Exercise Performance and Post-Exercise Recovery, Possibly Through Promotion of Lactate Oxidation: A Pilot Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Way Crossover Study.

Background: Brussels chicory affluent in phenolic acids could inhibit atherosclerosis; however, its effects on exercise performance and post-exercise recovery are unknown. We hypothesized that Brussels chicory could enhance exhaustive aerobic exercise performance and post-exercise recovery by promoting lactate oxidation.

Methods: This is a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled two-way cross-over trial involving 32 untrained college students (men 18) who consumed either Brussels chicory juice (100 g of Brussels chicory containing ~130 mg phenolic acids and 180 mL fresh milk) or placebo (180 mL fresh milk) for 7 days with a 2-week washout period.

Effects of Protein Intake on Cognitive Function in Chinese Older Adults: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background: As the global population ages, there is an increasing prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Protecting and preserving cognitive function in older adults has become a critical public health concern.

Methods: This study utilized data from four phases of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted from 2008 to 2018, encompassing a total of 2454 participants.

Neonatal Circulating Amino Acids and Lipid Metabolites Mediate the Association of Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Offspring Neurodevelopment at 1 Year.

: We aimed to identify neonatal circulating metabolic alterations associated with maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to explore whether these altered metabolites could mediate the association of GDM with offspring neurodevelopment. Additionally, we investigated whether neonatal circulating metabolites could improve the prediction of offspring neurodevelopmental disorders over traditional risk factors. : The retrospective cohort study enrolled 1228 mother-child dyads in South China.

Associations of the Intake of Individual and Multiple Flavonoids with Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in the United States.

Background: Evidence regarding the individual and combined impact of dietary flavonoids on the risk of metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains scarce. Our objective is to evaluate the association between individual and multiple dietary flavonoids with MASLD in adults.

Methods: Data sets were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2017-2018.

Characterization of Self-Cured Silicone Oils for Encapsulation of Ultraviolet-C Light-Emitting Diodes.

The effectiveness of ultraviolet-C light-emitting diodes (UVC LEDs) is currently limited by the lack of suitable encapsulation materials, restricting their use in sterilization, communication, and in vivo cancer tumor inhibition. This study evaluates various silicone oils for UVC LED encapsulation. A material aging experiment was conducted on CF1040 (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane), HF2020 (methyl hydro polysiloxanes), and MF2020-1000 (polydimethylsiloxane) under UVC radiation for 1000 h.

Mechanisms of Copper-Induced Autophagy and Links with Human Diseases.

As a structural and catalytic cofactor, copper is involved in many biological pathways and is required for the biochemistry of all living organisms. However, excess intracellular copper can induce cell death due to its potential to catalyze the generation of reactive oxygen species, thus copper homeostasis is strictly regulated. And the deficiency or accumulation of intracellular copper is connected with various pathological conditions.

Structural Characterizations and Biological Evaluation of a Natural Polysaccharide from Branches of Abel.

Background: Abel () is widely cultivated and serves as an important source of edible oil. Yet, during oil production, pruned branches generate significant waste and contribute to environmental pollution.

Objectives: In this work, we obtain a natural polysaccharide from the branches of and optimize its extraction using Box-Behnken design (BBD), which is a statistical method commonly used in response surface methodology.

Geometry-Based Synchrosqueezing S-Transform with Shifted Instantaneous Frequency Estimator Applied to Gearbox Fault Diagnosis.

This paper introduces a novel geometry-based synchrosqueezing S-transform (GSSST) for advanced gearbox fault diagnosis, designed to enhance diagnostic precision in both planetary and parallel gearboxes. Traditional time-frequency analysis (TFA) methods, such as the Synchrosqueezing S-transform (SSST), often face challenges in accurately representing fault-related features when significant mode closely spaced components are present. The proposed GSSST method overcomes these limitations by implementing an intuitive geometric reassignment framework, which reassigns time-frequency (TF) coefficients to maximize energy concentration, thereby allowing fault components to be distinctly isolated even under challenging conditions.

Energy-Efficient Route Planning Method for Ships Based on Level Set.

To reduce the fuel consumption of ships' oceanic voyages, this study incorporates the influence of ocean currents into the traditional level set algorithm and proposes a route planning algorithm capable of identifying energy-efficient routes in complex and variable sea conditions. The approach introduces the influence factor of ocean current to optimize routing in dynamically changing marie environments. First, models for the energy consumption of ships and flow fields are established.