Phloretin alleviates sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment by reducing inflammation through PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Sleep loss leads to significant pathophysiological consequences, including cognitive impairment. The neuroinflammation are pivotal factors in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment induced by sleep loss. The phloretin (PHL), derived from peel of juicy fruits, has demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory properties.

Arsenic and polystyrene-nano plastics co-exposure induced testicular toxicity: Triggers oxidative stress and promotes apoptosis and inflammation in mice.

Co-existing of polystyrene-nano plastics (PSNPs) and arsenic (As) in the environment caused a horrendous risk to human health. However, the potential mechanism of PSNPs and As combination induced testicular toxicity in mammals has not been elucidated. Therefore, we first explore the testicular toxicity and the potential mechanism in male Kunming mice exposed to As or/and PSNPs.

polysaccharides ameliorate canine acute liver injury by reducing oxidative stress, protecting mitochondrial function, and regulating metabolic pathways.

The development of acute liver injury can result in liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and even liver cancer, yet there is currently no effective therapy for it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect and therapeutic mechanism of polysaccharides (LBPs) on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl). To create a model of acute liver injury, experimental canines received an intraperitoneal injection of 1 mL/kg of CCl solution.

An experimental study of magnetic compression technique for ureterovesical anastomosis in rabbits.

This study aimed to explore the feasibility of the magnetic compression technique (MCT) for ureterovesical anastomosis in a rabbit model with ureteral obstruction. The distal ureteral obstruction model using female New Zealand rabbits was induced by ligating the distal end of the right ureter with silk thread for four weeks. A pair of cylindrical NdFeB magnets (daughter magnet and parent magnet) with a hole in the center was used for the ureterovesical anastomosis.

Effects of black soldier fly larvae as protein or fat sources on apparent nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota, and metabolic profiles in beagle dogs.

Black soldier fly () larvae (BSFL) act as a biological system converting organic waste into protein and fat with great potential application as pet food. To evaluate the feasibility of BSFL as a protein and fat source, 20 healthy beagle dogs were fed three dietary treatments for 65 days, including (1) a basal diet group (CON group), (2) a basal diet that replaced 20% chicken meal with defatted black soldier fly larvae protein group (DBP group), and (3) a basal diet that replaced 8% mixed oil with black soldier fly larvae fat group (BF group). This study demonstrated that the serum biochemical parameters among the three groups were within the normal range.

Effect of Procyanidin on Canine Sperm Quality during Chilled Storage.

Procyanidin (PC) is a polyphenolic compound with antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of PC on canine sperm quality after 72 h of storage at 4 °C. The collected ejaculates were separated into four equal aliquots and treated with various concentrations of PC (0, 10, 30, and 50 μg/mL) in Tris-citric-fructose-egg yolk (TCFE) extender and stored at 4 °C for 72 h.

Establishment of Yan-Zhang's staging of digestive tract magnetic compression anastomosis in a rat model.

Magnetic compression anastomosis, also known as magnamosis, is a safe and feasible method for digestive tract anastomosis. However, the pathological process involved in magnamosis of the digestive tract has not been investigated. This study aimed to establish the stages of digestive tract magnamosis in a rat model.

Infection Alters lncRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles of Dog Bone Marrow.

Bone marrow is the main hematopoietic organ that produces red blood cells, granulocytes, monocyte/macrophages, megakaryocytes, lymphocytes, and myeloid dendritic cells. Many of these cells play roles in the pathogenesis of infection, and understanding how infection alters the dynamics of transcription regulation in bone marrow is therefore critical for deciphering the global changes in the dog transcriptional signatures during infection. In this study, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles in the bone marrow of Beagle dogs infected with were determined at 12 h post-infection (hpi), 24 hpi, 96 hpi, and 36 days post-infection (dpi).

Cross-linked thermosensitive nanohydrogels for ocular drug delivery with a prolonged residence time and enhanced bioavailability.

Aim: A temperature-triggered, cross-linked nano hydrogel formulation (NPs-gel) was prepared to prolong the residence time of dexamethasone (DXM) in the eye and increase its bioavailability.

Research Design And Methods: The NPs-gel was prepared by combining a high pressure homogenization method with a cold solution method. Soy lecithin E200, lecithin oil, glycerol, kolliphor P188, kolliphor P407, and polycarbophil were the excipients used for the formation of NPs-gel containing DXM.

PLGA Nanoparticle Platform for Trans-Ocular Barrier to Enhance Drug Delivery: A Comparative Study Based on the Application of Oligosaccharides in the Outer Membrane of Carriers.

Purpose: The trans-ocular barrier is a key factor limiting the therapeutic efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide. We developed a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) surface modified respectively with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2-HP-β-CD), chitosan oligosaccharide and trehalose. Determination of the drug/nanoparticles interactions, characterization of the nanoparticles, in vivo ocular compatibility tests, comparisons of their corneal permeability and their pharmacokinetics in aqueous humor were carried out.

Proteomic alterations in the plasma of Beagle dogs induced by Toxocara canis infection.

Toxocara canis causes ocular larva migrans and visceral larva migrans in humans. Knowledge about the molecular mechanism of T. canis-hosts interaction is limited.

Global profiling of lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs reveals differential expression of coding genes and non-coding RNAs in the lung of beagle dogs at different stages of Toxocara canis infection.

The roundworm Toxocara canis causes toxocariasis in dogs and larval migrans in humans. Better understanding of the lung response to T. canis infection could explain why T.

Metformin Ameliorates A Pathology by Insulin-Degrading Enzyme in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. The accumulation of amyloid beta (A) is the main pathology of AD. Metformin, a well-known antidiabetic drug, has been reported to have AD-protective effect.

Effects of serum and follicular fluid on the in vitro maturation of canine oocytes.

The effects of gonadotropin, serum and follicular fluid on the in vitro maturation of canine oocytes were examined. Additionally, spindle size and spindle migration in MI-stage oocytes derived by in vivo or in vitro maturation were evaluated for the first time. Mature oocytes collected from beagle dog ovaries were divided into two experiments.

Serum metabolomic alterations in Beagle dogs experimentally infected with Toxocara canis.

Background: Toxocara canis, a globally distributed roundworm, can cause debilitating disease in dogs and humans; however, little is known about the metabolomic response of the hosts to T. canis infection. There is an increasing need to understand the metabolic mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of T.

Discovery of 2-phenylthiazole-4-carboxylic acid, a novel and potent scaffold as xanthine oxidase inhibitors.

The xanthine oxidase (XO) plays an important role in producing uric acid, and therefore XO inhibitors are considered as one of the promising therapies for hyperuricemia and gout. We have previously reported a series of XO inhibitors with pyrazole scaffold to extend the chemical space of current XO inhibitors. Herein, we describe further structural optimization to explore the optimal heterocycle by replacing the thiazole ring of Febuxostat with 5 heterocycle scaffolds unexplored in this field.

Nitric oxide donor-based FFA1 agonists: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation as potential anti-diabetic and anti-thrombotic agents.

The cardiovascular complications were highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), even at the early stage of T2DM or the state of intensive glycemic control. Thus, there is an urgent need for the intervention of cardiovascular complications in T2DM. Herein, the new hybrids of FFA1 agonist and NO donor were design to obtain dual effects of anti-hyperglycemic and anti-thrombosis.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of nitric oxide releasing derivatives of dapagliflozin as potential anti-diabetic and anti-thrombotic agents.

The cardiovascular complications were highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), even at the early stage of T2DM or the state of intensive glycemic control. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the intervention of cardiovascular complications in T2DM. Herein, the new hybrids of NO donor and SGLT2 inhibitor were design to achieve dual effects of anti-hyperglycemic and anti-thrombosis.

Improving metabolic stability with deuterium: The discovery of GPU-028, a potent free fatty acid receptor 4 agonists.

The free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4) has emerged as a promising anti-diabetic target due to its function in improvement of insulin secretion and insulin resistance. The FFA4 agonist TUG-891 revealed great potential as a widely used pharmacological tool, but it has been suffered from high plasma clearance probably because the phenylpropanoic acid is vulnerable to β-oxidation. To identify metabolically stable analog without influence on physiological mechanism of TUG-891, we tried to incorporate deuterium at the α-position of phenylpropionic acid to afford compound 4 (GPU-028).

Analysis of imprinted gene expression and implantation in haploid androgenetic mouse embryos.

The successful development of mammalian embryos requires both parental genomes. Nuclear transfer techniques have been adapted to generate uniparental embryos, which possess two sets of paternal or maternal genomes. These embryos fail to develop to term because of abnormal imprinted gene expression, which is not regulated by Mendelian inheritance.