Annotation-free genetic mutation estimation of thyroid cancer using cytological slides from multi-centers.

Thyroid cancer is the most common form of endocrine malignancy and fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is a reliable method for clinical diagnosis. Identification of genetic mutation status has been proved efficient for accurate diagnosis and prognostic risk stratification. In this study, a dataset with thyroid cytological images of 310 indeterminate (TBS3 or 4) and 392 PTC (TBS5 or 6) was collected.

Conditional sequential delivery of ginkgetin and rapamycin orchestrates inflammation and autophagy to alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a multifaceted and complex condition primarily driven by excessive inflammation, degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and dysfunction of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). Despite extensive exploration of various therapeutic agents targeting IVDD, their efficacy remains disappointingly limited. This study underscores the efficacy of ginkgetin (GK), a natural bioflavonoid with potent anti-inflammatory properties, in mitigating inflammation as well as ECM degradation and NPC dysfunction triggered by interleukin-1β (IL-1β).

Molecular mechanisms of Japanese encephalitis virus infection and advances in vaccine research.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a central nervous system disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), resulting in high morbidity and mortality, especially in Asia. This review summarizes the current understanding of the JEV infection cycle, including virus attachment and entry, genome replication, viral protein translation, and virus particle assembly and release. The roles of host factors and viral proteins in these processes are discussed.

Enhanced stability and rheological properties of myofibrillar proteins emulsions conferred by oat β-glucan: Insights into structural and interfacial interactions.

The effect of oat β-glucan (OG) on the structure, interfacial behavior and emulsion rheological properties of sea bass myofibrillar protein (MP) was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that adding OG decreased the α-helix content in MP from 27% to 22% and increased the β-sheet content, suggesting that OG facilitated MP unfolding. When the OG content was 1.

Smartphone-based urine colourimetric assay for home self-screening of HPV infection.

Currently, producing NPSH after HPV infection of cells has been confirmed. These NPSH-containing substances accumulate around the urethral opening and are subsequently washed out with urine. Therefore, indirect detection of HPV infection by assessing NPSH levels in urine is feasible, but it has not been reported in detail so far.

Insight into homogeneous activation of sodium hypochlorite by dithionite coupled with dissolved oxygen (DO@NaClO/DTN) for carbamazepine degradation.

Emerging contaminants (ECs) including carbamazepine (CBZ) in aquatic systems pose non-target risks to wildlife. We introduce an innovative advanced oxidation process (AOP) utilizing sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), which achieved 45.3 % degradation and mineralization of CBZ within 60 mins.

Biowaste ligninsulfonate functionalized cathode of lithium-sulfur battery for immobilization and catalyzation of polysulfides.

Lithium‑sulfur batteries (LSBs) have been appealing an increasing attention in last ten years with the overwhelming advantages of greatly higher theoretical energy density and specific capacity in comparison with traditional Li-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the commercial application of LSBs still confronts some intractable challenges, of which the shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics are reckoned as the most serious obstacles. Incorporation of polar sulfonate groups into cathode has been believed as an effective avenue to immobilize polysulfides and thus enables to alleviate the shuttle effect.

AKT1 Phosphorylates FDX1 to Promote Cuproptosis Resistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Cuproptosis, a recently defined copper-dependent cell death pathway, remains largely unexplored in tumor therapies, particularly in breast cancer. This study demonstrates that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) bears a relatively elevated copper levels and exhibits resistance to cuproptosis. Mechanistically, copper activates the AKT signaling pathway, which inhibits ferredoxin-1 (FDX1), a key regulator of cuproptosis.

Risk factors and clinical characteristics of colonization and infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease exposed to Vedolizumab: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Vedolizumab (VDZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits the binding of the α4β7 integrin, has been approved for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Long-term safety studies of VDZ in clinical trials identified infection (CDI) as the major opportunistic infection.

Objectives: We aimed to address the incidence and risk factors of colonization (CDC) and CDI in a real-world setting among IBD patients treated with VDZ.

Resting-state degree centrality and Granger causality analysis in relation to facial working memory in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Background: This study focused on the relationship between facial working memory and resting-state brain function abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were collected from 28 first-episode schizophrenia (FSZ) patients and 33 healthy controls (HCs). Degree centrality (DC) and Granger causality analysis (GCA) were used to assess brain region connectivity.

A systematic pharmacological strategy-based to decode the synergistic mechanism of 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone in combination with vitamin D3 against asthma.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone (74DHF), extracted from Gancao (Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae), has demonstrated to mediate the asthma pathology, while Vitamin D3 (VD3) plays a role in asthma treatment due to its immunomodulatory effects. However, the potential molecular or systems mechanism of 74DHF in combination with VD3 against asthma has not yet been elucidated.

Aim Of The Study: The current study not only deepens our understanding of the complex synergistic mechanism of 74DHF andVD3 against asthma but also proposes a promising strategy to promote the development of combination therapy.

Mn-Activated Oxyfluoride CsNaWOF Phosphor: Enhancement in the Water Stability and Thermal-Quenching Resistance.

Mn-activated oxyfluoride phosphors play an important role in solid-state lighting and display areas due to the suitable red-light emission. However, the hydrolysis and thermal quenching of the phosphors restrict their practical applications. In this work, we prepared a novel CsNaWOF:Mn oxyfluoride phosphor with high water stability and better thermal-quenching resistance; similar phosphors XWOF:Mn (X = Na, Cs) were used as reference.

N-methylguanosine tRNA modification promotes gastric cancer progression by activating SDHAF4-dependent mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

N-methylguanosine (mG) tRNA modification is closely implicated in tumor occurrence and development. However, the precise function and molecular mechanisms of mG tRNA modification in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the expression and function of methyltransferase-like 1 (METTL1) and WD repeat domain 4 (WDR4) in GC and elucidated the mechanisms underlying the role of METTL1/WDR4-mediated mG tRNA modifications in promoting GC progression.

Whole-genome sequencing reveals copy number variations and their associations with body weight and size traits at slaughter in Lion-head geese.

Copy number variation (CNV) is an important type of genetic variations contributing to phenotypic differences in animals and may serve as an alternative molecular marker to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for molecular breeding. We used whole-genome sequencing data to investigate the characteristic of CNVs and their associations with body weight and size traits for 504 120-day Lion-head geese. We detected 1,184,695 CNVs which consisted of 1,148,401 deletions and 36,294 duplications.

Personalised 3D-printed bioactive peek bone plate scaffold for treating femoral defects.

Fractures affect millions of individuals worldwide, particularly those with osteoporosis, and often require rigid fixation for proper healing. Although traditional metal bone plates are effective, they are limited by their stiffness and inability to conform precisely to anatomical structures, leading to complications such as stress shielding and delayed healing. In this study, we utilized computer-aided design (CAD) combined with reverse engineering to develop a 3D bone plate scaffold model that perfectly matches the contours of the rabbit femur.

Comparative efficacy of pharmacological interventions on metabolic and hormonal outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome: a Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized controlled trials.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder associated with metabolic and hormonal abnormalities. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy of pharmacological interventions on these outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing pharmacological treatments for PCOS.

Geometric deep learning with adaptive full-band spatial diffusion for accurate, efficient, and robust cortical parcellation.

Cortical parcellation delineates the cerebral cortex into distinct regions according to their distinctiveness in anatomy and/or function, which is a fundamental preprocess in brain cortex analysis and can influence the accuracy and specificity of subsequent neuroscientific research and clinical diagnosis. Conventional methods for cortical parcellation involve spherical mapping and multiple morphological feature computation, which are time-consuming and prone to error due to the spherical mapping process. Recent geometric learning approaches have attempted to automate this process by replacing the registration-based parcellation with deep learning-based methods.

Micheliolide attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by suppressing mitochondrial oxidative stress and PFKFB3-driven glycolysis.

Background: Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition with a significant risk of death. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening complication of sepsis, and the inflammatory response plays a critical role in sepsis-induced ALI. The protective effects of micheliolide (MCL) against renal fibrosis and leukemia have been demonstrated, but the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Effect of combination of remimazolam and sevoflurane on elderly patients' recovery quality from general anesthesia after laparoscopic abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Remimazolam toluene sulfonic acid is a short-acting benzodiazepine primarily studied for intravenous anesthesia. To date, few studies have focused on the effects of the combination of remimazolam and inhalation anesthesia or its impact on postoperative recovery. Our study aims to investigate the influence of remimazolam combined with sevoflurane for general anesthesia maintenance on postoperative recovery quality in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery.

Soyasapogenol C: A novel liver X receptor α Agonist that mitigates cholesterol accumulation in diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a common diabetes complication, often progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) Lipid accumulation is crucial in DKD progression, and its dysregulation causes ectopic fat distribution, inflammation, and renal damage. Soyasapogenol C (SSC) has various therapeutic potentials. However, its effect on DKD and the underlying mechanisms are unknown.

Quercetin inhibits oligodendrocytes ferroptosis by blocking NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy.

Ferritinophagy is a specific type of autophagy that maintains intracellular iron metabolic homeostasis by targeting ferritin, one of the major forms of iron storage in the human body. Previous research has demonstrated that quercetin prevents the ferroptosis of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) by inhibiting the Id2/transferrin pathway. Given the ability of quercetin to suppress autophagy in spinal cord injury (SCI), this study aimed to investigate whether quercetin prevents ferroptosis in an autophagy-dependent manner.

Multiple-omics analysis reveals a dedifferentiation-immune loop in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is known for its diverse cell types and resistance to standard treatments, highlighting the importance of understanding its tumor microenvironment (TME) for improved prognostic accuracy and therapeutic innovation. Our study used a multi-omics approach to analyze the ICC TME in both human and mouse samples, linking survival outcomes to the complex cellular interactions within the TME. We discovered a dedifferentiation phenomenon in ICC cells driven by the Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway, influenced by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).

The Study of the Protection Mechanism of Calycosin-7--β-d-Glucoside Against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion in HT22 Cells Based on Non-Targeted Metabolomics and Network Analysis.

The cell non-targeted metabolomics technique was used to investigate the potential mechanism of Caly-cosin-7--β-d-glucoside (CAG) against cell oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). The OGD/R-injured HT22 cell model was constructed. The cells were divided into control, OGD/R, Edaravone (EDA), CAG-L, CAG-M, and CAG-H groups.

Differential Effects of Retinol-Binding Protein 3 and Anti-VEGF Antibodies on Retinal Dysfunctions in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies are effective treatment of severe diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular edema, but a significant subset of people showed inadequate response to anti-VEGF intervention. Since elevation or overexpressing retinol binding protein 3 (RBP3) decreased risks for retinal pathologies and progression to severe DR, we compared the therapeutic profile of RBP3 and anti-VEGF to normalize retinal dysfunctions induced by diabetes. Intravitreous injection of recombinant human RBP3 (rhRBP3) and anti-VEGF antibodies (bevacizumab) inhibited retinal vascular permeability in Lewis rats induced by VEGF-A or after 2 months of diabetes induced by streptozotocin, in parallel with reductions of retinal VEGF and VEGFR2 expressions and tyrosine phosphorylation of VEGFR.