Quantifying intratumoral heterogeneity within sub-regions to predict high-grade patterns in clinical stage I solid lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: This study aims to quantify intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) using preoperative CT image and evaluate its ability to predict pathological high-grade patterns, specifically micropapillary and/or solid components (MP/S), in patients diagnosed with clinical stage I solid lung adenocarcinoma (LADC).

Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 457 patients who were postoperatively diagnosed with clinical stage I solid LADC from two medical centers, assigning them to either a training set (n = 304) or a test set (n = 153). Sub-regions within the tumor were identified using the K-means method.

CK19 protein expression: the best cutoff value on the prognosis and the prognosis model of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Objective: In clinical practice, CK19 can be an important predictor for the prognosis of HCC. Due to the high incidence and mortality rates of HCC, more effective and practical prognostic prediction models need to be developed urgently.

Methods: A total of 1,168 HCC patients, who underwent radical surgery at the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, between January 2014 and July 2019, were recruited, and their clinicopathological data were collected.

Single-cell analysis unveils cell subtypes of acral melanoma cells at the early and late differentiation stages.

Background: Melanoma, a malignant neoplasm originating from melanocytes, is a form of skin cancer with rapidly increasing global incidence, often exacerbated by UV radiation[1]. Particularly, acral melanoma, characterized by its swift metastasis and poor prognosis, underscores the significance of further research into its heterogeneity. Single-cell sequencing has been widely utilized in the study of tumor heterogeneity; however, research related to melanoma remains to be further refined.

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the general population in Wuzhou, China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a global infectious carcinogen. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of H.

Novel metabolic prognostic score for predicting survival in patients with cancer.

Cancer is a fatal disease with a high global prevalence and is associated with an increased incidence of metabolic disorders. This study aimed to develop a novel metabolic prognostic system to evaluate the overall metabolic disorder burden in cancer patients and its relationship with their prognosis. The patients in this study were enrolled from the Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers (INSCOC) project.

The Role of SWI/SNF Complex in Bladder Cancer.

Bladder cancer originates from bladder tissues and is the ninth most common type of cancer worldwide. The SWI/SNF (SWItch/sucrose non- fermentable) complex plays a crucial role in regulating various biological processes, such as cell cycle control, DNA damage repair and transcription regulation. The purpose of this article is to examine the functional studies of the SWI/SNF complex in bladder cancer, highlighting new pathways for creating personalised treatment approaches for bladder cancer patients with mutations in the SWI/SNF complex.

CYP24A1 Binding to FUS Maintains Tumor Properties by Regulating the miR-200c/ZEB1/EMT Axis.

The active vitamin D-degrading enzyme (CYP24A1) is commonly overexpressed in various types of cancer, which is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Recent studies highlight the antagonism of CYP24A1 toward the anticancer role of active vitamin D. However, the impact of CYP24A1 on tumorigenesis and its underlying mechanisms largely remains unexplored.

Dosimetric investigation of couch rotation angles in non-coplanar VMAT plans for lung cancer SBRT.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of couch rotation angles on non-coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy (ncVMAT) plan for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in lung cancer patients and to evaluate the feasibility of clinically applying ncVMAT for SBRT.

Methods: Twenty-four lung cancer patients with a single lesion eligible for SBRT were enrolled in the study. Seven dual partial-arc VMAT plans with varying couch angles were designed for every patient.

Increased MASH-associated liver cancer in younger demographics.

Background: The incidence of cancer and the prevalence of metabolic disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is increasing in young adults. However, updated global data on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-associated primary liver cancer (PLC) in young adults remains scarce.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease study between 2000 and 2021 to assess the age-standardized incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years rates from MASH-associated PLC in young adults (15-49 y).

Computed tomography-guided microwave ablation therapy for pediatric adrenal neuroblastoma with lung nodule a case report.

Background: Solid lung lesions are common in clinical practice, and percutaneous thermal ablation has been shown to be an effective treatment for these lesions. While computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) therapy is frequently used for adult solid lesions, it is rarely considered for pediatric cases.

Case Presentation: A case of an 8-year-old child with adrenal neuroblastoma and a left upper lung mass.

Factors affecting poor prognosis of COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of co-infection.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the correlation between clinical features and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals with COVID-19.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted for cohort, cross-sectional, and case series that reported co-infection with HIV and COVID-19 published from January to September 2020. Clinical features such as age, comorbidities, CD4T lymphocyte counts, HIV RNA levels, and antiretroviral regimens were evaluated using meta-analyses and systematic reviews.

Spatially-resolved analyses of muscle invasive bladder cancer microenvironment unveil a distinct fibroblast cluster associated with prognosis.

Background: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a prevalent cancer characterized by molecular and clinical heterogeneity. Assessing the spatial heterogeneity of the MIBC microenvironment is crucial to understand its clinical significance.

Methods: In this study, we used imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to assess the spatial heterogeneity of MIBC microenvironment across 185 regions of interest in 40 tissue samples.

From PD-1/PD-L1 to tertiary lymphoid structures: Paving the way for precision immunotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma treatment.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant hepatobiliary tumor characterized by limited treatment options and poor prognosis. The recent rise of immunotherapy has significantly influenced research in this field. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of 416 articles retrieved from the WOSCC, Wan fang Data, CNKI and VIP databases, spanning contributions from 32 countries, 589 institutions and 3,200 authors.

Donafenib activates the p53 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma, induces ferroptosis, and enhances cell apoptosis.

Donafenib is an improved version of sorafenib in which deuterium is substituted into the drug's chemical structure, enhancing its stability and antitumor activity. Donafenib exhibits enhanced antitumor activity and better tolerance than sorafenib in preclinical and clinical studies. However, the specific mechanism of its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma has not been reported.

Targeted metabolomics reveals novel diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumor worldwide, with a high mortality rate due to its complex etiology and limited early screening techniques. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for early detection of CRC utilizing targeted metabolite profiling of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified metabolites in PRP collected from patients with CRC (n = 70) and healthy controls (n = 30).

Decoding the role of SLC25A5 in osteosarcoma drug resistance and CD8+ T cell exhaustion: The therapeutic potential of phyllanthin.

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant bone tumor with an obscure etiology, as well as high prevalence and poor prognosis in children and adolescents. We aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma through a comprehensive analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) using multiple single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. SLC25A5, a gene implicated in cellular aging, significantly influenced osteosarcoma development by altering the TIME and promoting CD8+ T cell exhaustion, which contributed to reduced chemosensitivity.

Liposomal mitoxantrone monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mature T-cell and natural killer-cell neoplasms: A phase 2, multicenter, open-label, single-arm trial.

Introduction: The prognosis of relapsed or refractory mature T- and natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma remains dismal. Novel agents are urgently needed to improve the outcomes for this population.

Methods: In this phase 2, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study (NCT03776279), the authors report the efficacy and safety of liposomal mitoxantrone (Lipo-MIT) monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mature T- and NK-cell lymphoma.

Preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: an integrative approach combining ultrasound-based radiomics and inflammation-related markers.

Objectives: To develop ultrasound-based radiomics models and a clinical model associated with inflammatory markers for predicting intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) lymph node (LN) metastasis. Both are integrated for enhanced preoperative prediction.

Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 156 surgically diagnosed ICC patients.

Co-Expression of Dominant-Negative TGF-β Receptor 2 Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Novel TREM1/DAP12-BB-Based CAR-T Cells in Solid Tumours.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has exhibited remarkable efficacy in the treatment of haematological malignancies, yet its application in solid tumours is hindered by the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME). In this study, a novel SS1-TREM1/DAP12-BB CAR-T cell was devised to target ovarian cancer and further engineered to co-express the dominant-negative TGF-β receptor 2 (DNR) to combat CAR-T cell exhaustion in TME. The incorporation of DNR effectively blocked TGF-β signalling, thereby enhancing CAR-T cell survival and antitumor activity in a TGF-β1-rich environment.

Rapid quantitative PCR on tongue swabs for pulmonary tuberculosis in adults: a prospective multicentre study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of infectious disease mortality globally, with significant underdiagnosis perpetuating transmission. Tongue swab analysis has emerged as a promising non-invasive method for pulmonary TB diagnosis. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the TB-EASY quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay using tongue swab specimens.

Genetically Predicted Immune Cell Traits Mediate the Causal Association Between Plasma Metabolites and Colorectal Cancer.

Relevant studies have demonstrated that plasma metabolites and immune cell characteristics are closely related to colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the causal relationship among these factors remains unclear, particularly regarding whether immune cell traits mediate the causal link between plasma metabolites and CRC. This study employed a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to assess causal associations between 1,400 plasma metabolites, 731 immune cell traits, and CRC.

Deciphering the Role of SLFN12: A Novel Biomarker for Predicting Immunotherapy Outcomes in Glioma Patients Through Artificial Intelligence.

Gliomas are the most prevalent form of primary brain tumours. Recently, targeting the PD-1 pathway with immunotherapies has shown promise as a novel glioma treatment. However, not all patients experience long-lasting benefits, underscoring the necessity to discover reliable biomarkers for predicting treatment outcomes.

Assessment of MGMT and TERT Subtypes and Prognosis of Glioblastoma by Whole Tumor Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Histogram Analysis.

Background: Adult glioblastomas (GBMs) are associated with high recurrence and mortality. Personalized treatment based on molecular markers may help improve the prognosis. We aimed to evaluate whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis can better predict MGMT and TERT molecular characteristics and to determine the prognostic relevance of genetic profile in patients with GBM.