Betaine and I-LG may have a predictive value for ATB: A causal study in a large European population.

Purpose: To analyze the causal relationship between 486 human serum metabolites and the active tuberculosis (ATB) in European population.

Methods: In this study, the causal relationship between human serum metabolites and the ATB was analyzed by integrating the genome-wide association study (GWAS). The 486 human serum metabolites were used as the exposure variable, three different ATB GWAS databases in the European population were set as outcome variables, and single nucleotide polymorphisms were used as instrumental variables for Mendelian Randomization.

The predictive value of TNF family for pulmonary tuberculosis: a pooled causal effect analysis of multiple datasets.

Objective: Despite extensive research on the relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and inflammatory factors, more robust causal evidence has yet to emerge. Therefore, this study aims to screen for inflammatory proteins that may contribute to the susceptibility to PTB in different populations and to explain the diversity of inflammatory and immune mechanisms of PTB in different ethnicity.

Methods: The inverse variance weighted (IVW) model of a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study was employed to conduct causal analysis on data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Exploring the causal correlations between 486 serum metabolites and systemic lupus erythematosus: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

The observational association between circulating metabolites and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been well documented. However, whether the association is causal remains unclear. In this study, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) was introduced to analyse the causal relationships and possible mechanisms.

Development and Application of a Reference Manual for Diagnosis and Rational Use of Antimicrobial Agents for Outpatient Primary Care (Digestive System Part): A Delphi Study.

Purpose: To establish a concise and easy-to-understand reference manual for outpatient primary care providers, promoting correct diagnosis of digestive system diseases and rational antimicrobial use.

Methods: The establishment of the manual encompassed two processes: the development of a draft manual and the validation of the manual. The development process was based on a literature review and expert discussion.

Multi-level determinants of failure to receive timely and complete measles vaccinations in Southwest China: a mixed methods study.

Background: Measles outbreaks re-emerged in 2013-2014 in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China, where measles immunisation coverage is high. The discrepancy between the vaccination coverage and outbreaks indicates that timeliness is crucial, yet there is limited knowledge on the health system barriers to timely vaccination. Using integrated evidence at the household, village clinic, and township hospital levels, this study aimed to identify the determinants of failure in receiving timely measles vaccinations among children in rural Guangxi.

Timeliness, completeness, and timeliness-and-completeness of serial routine vaccinations among rural children in Southwest China: A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling survey.

Introduction: Vaccination coverage is widely used as metric of vaccination programme performance. However, VPDs outbreaks were reported in areas with high vaccination coverage. Timeliness and completeness have been considered more important assessment indicators of routine vaccination than overall vaccination coverage, but little is known in rural China.

High endemicity of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Binyang County, southern China.

High-intensity clonorchiasis infection is associated with serious outcomes, including cancer. Understanding the infection intensity of Clonorchis sinensis and its risk factors in local endemic regions could facilitate effective control measures. In a county located in a highly endemic area in Guangxi Province, P.

Age distribution of human papillomavirus infection and neutralizing antibodies in healthy Chinese women aged 18-45 years enrolled in a clinical trial.

Objectives: Data from clinical trials of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines showed that women naïve (negative for both type-specific antibodies and DNA) to vaccine types would derive benefit from vaccination; therefore, an understanding of the proportion of naïve women in different age groups is important for developing HPV vaccination strategies.

Methods: From November 2012 to April 2013, a total of 7372 healthy women aged 18-45 years were recruited in five provinces in China. Cervical specimens and serum samples were collected for each woman at entry.

Care cascade structural intervention versus standard of care in the diagnosis and treatment of HIV in China: a cluster-randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: The high rate of attrition along the care cascade of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in lost opportunities to provide timely antiretroviral therapy (ART) and to prevent unnecessarily high mortality. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a structural intervention, the one-stop ("One4All") strategy that streamlines China's HIV care cascade with the intent to improve testing completeness, ART initiation, viral suppression, and mortality.

Method: A two-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial was implemented in twelve county hospitals in Guangxi China to test the effectiveness of the One4All strategy (intervention arm) compared to the current standard of care (SOC; control arm).

Physical activity level and incident type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults.

Purpose: The objective is to examine the association between physical activity level (PAL) and incident type 2 diabetes among middle-age and older Chinese men and women in urban China.

Methods: This prospective study included 6348 participants (age 35 to 74 yr) who were free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease at baseline. PAL was estimated on the basis of self-reported overall physical activity on a typical day.