Size effect-based improved antioxidant activity of selenium nanoparticles regulating Anti-PI3K-mTOR and Ras-MEK pathways for treating spinal cord injury to avoid hormone shock-induced immunosuppression.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a critical condition affecting the central nervous system that often has permanent and debilitating consequences, including secondary injuries. Oxidative damage and inflammation are critical factors in secondary pathological processes. Selenium nanoparticles have demonstrated significant antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties via a non-immunosuppressive pathway; however, their clinical application has been limited by their inadequate stability and functionality to cross the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB).

The ER protein CANX (calnexin)-mediated autophagy protects against alzheimer disease.

Although the relationship between macroautophagy/autophagy and Alzheimer disease (AD) is widely studied, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, especially the regulatory role of the initiation signaling of autophagy on AD. Here, we find that the ER transmembrane protein CANX (calnexin) is a novel interaction partner of the autophagy-inducing kinase ULK1 and is required for ULK1 recruitment to the ER under basal or starved conditions. Loss of CANX results in the inactivity of ULK1 kinase and inhibits autophagy flux.

Serum homocysteine and lipid levels in the third trimester and their relationship with perinatal outcomes in diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between serum homocysteine, blood lipids, and perinatal outcomes in patients with diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).

Material And Methods: A prospective cohort of 150 diet-controlled GDM patients and 150 pregnant women with NGT, all delivering at our hospital, were selected based on predefined criteria. Data on demographics, physical parameters, and perinatal outcomes were compiled.

COL1A1, COL1A2, CHN1, and FN1 Promote Tumorogenesis and Act as Markers of Diagnosis and Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the molecular landscape of gastric cancer (GC) by integrating various bioinformatics tools and experimental validations.

Methodology: GSE79973 dataset, limma package, STRING, UALCAN, GEPIA, OncoDB, cBioPortal, DAVID, TISIDB, Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA), tissue samples, RT-qPCR, and cell proliferation assay were employed in this study.

Results: Analysis of the GSE79973 dataset identified 300 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), from which COL1A1, COL1A2, CHN1, and FN1 emerged as pivotal hub genes using protein-protein interaction network analysis.

Evaluation of nutrient composition and bone-promoting activity of miiuy croaker () bone.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to improve the economic value of the processed by-products of farmed miiuy croaker () by evaluating the nutrient composition and osteogenic activity of its bones. We prepared bone peptides (MMBP) and analyzed their osteogenic potential.

Methods: We assessed the osteogenic activity of MMBP by molecular docking, MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation assay and zebrafish growth model, and evaluated its effect on osteoporosis (OP) using a retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis rat model.

A self-hygroscopic, rapidly self-gelling polysaccharide-based sponge with robust wet adhesion for non-compressible hemorrhage control and infected wounds healing.

Uncontrollable non-compressible hemorrhage and traumatic infection have been major causes of mortality and disability in both civilian and military populations. A dressing designed for point-of-care control of non-compressible hemorrhage and prevention of traumatic infections represents an urgent medical need. Here, a novel self-gelling sponge OHN@ε-pL is developed, integrating N-succinimidyl ester oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHN) and ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-pL).

A fishnet between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and resistance: the competing endogenous RNA network.

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy (chemo-/radiotherapy) have advanced as the main treatment modalities for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), improving patient survival rates. However, chemo-/radiotherapy resistance in NPC cells has emerged as a key factor contributing to poor prognosis. Recently, competing endogenous RNA networks (ceRNETs) have garnered attention for their potential clinical value in studying chemo-/radiotherapy resistance.

Catalytic-independent functions of the Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC) confer sensitivity to BET inhibition.

Chromatin and transcription regulators are critical to defining cell identity through shaping epigenetic and transcriptional landscapes, with their misregulation being closely linked to oncogenesis. Pharmacologically targeting these regulators, particularly the transcription-activating BET proteins, has emerged as a promising approach in cancer therapy, yet intrinsic or acquired resistance frequently occurs, with poorly understood mechanisms. Here, using genome-wide CRISPR screens, we find that BET inhibitor efficacy in mediating transcriptional silencing and growth inhibition depends on the auxiliary/arm/tail module of the Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC), a global regulator of RNA polymerase II pause-release dynamics.

Construction of a C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index-based prediction model for all-cause mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Objective: The mortality rate of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) remains high. The C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a novel biomarker that reflects inflammation, nutritional and immune status, all merged into one single derived parameter. No study has yet linked the CALLY index to survival in hemodialysis.

PFOS-Induced Perturbations in Trophoblast Functions through the Oip5os1/miR-155/Rnd3 Axis in PE.

The widespread use of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) has raised concerns regarding its potential on pregnant women, particularly in relation to the development of pre-eclampsia (PE). This study investigates the impact of PFOS exposure on the LncRNA/Rnd3 axis in pregnant mice and its association with trophoblast cell functions in PE. Bioinformatics analysis revealed PFOS-related gene alterations in PE, with pathways enriched in apoptotic signaling and cytokine interactions.

IGFBP2 and IGFBP4 interact to activate complement pathway in diabetic kidney disease.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease globally. Recent research has identified insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins 2 (IGFBP2) and 4 (IGFBP4) as potential biomarkers for DKD. Overactivation of the complement pathway in DKD remains poorly understood.

Baseline characteristics of patients in the Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China): a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Bronchiectasis is a disease with a global impact, but most published data come from high-income countries. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with bronchiectasis in China.

Methods: The Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China) is a prospective, observational cohort enrolling patients from 111 hospitals in China.

Calcium-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy drive glycolysis to facilitate arterivirus proliferation.

Mitochondria, recognized as the "powerhouse" of cells, play a vital role in generating cellular energy through dynamic processes such as fission and fusion. Viruses have evolved mechanisms to hijack mitochondrial function for their survival and proliferation. Here, we report that infection with the swine arterivirus porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), manipulates mitochondria calcium ions (Ca2+) to induce mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, thereby reprogramming cellular energy metabolism to facilitate its own replication.

Risk factors for mediastinal lymph node metastases in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer and prediction model establishment.

This study aimed to explore the risk factors for mediastinal lymph node metastases (MLNM) in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to establish a predictive model. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data from NSCLC patients treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the First Affiliated Dongguan Hospital of Guangdong Medical University between March 2021 and March 2023. Baseline clinical data, laboratory parameters, and pathological features were collected and analyzed.

Efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with different frequencies on neuropathic orofacial pain: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive technique used to treat neuropathic orofacial pain (NOP). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rTMS in managing NOP and reducing health risks. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in various databases, including PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase and Clinical Trials.

Role of sirtuins in obesity and osteoporosis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

The prevalence of obesity and osteoporosis (OP) represents a significant public health concern on a global scale. A substantial body of evidence indicates that there is a complex relationship between obesity and OP, with a correlation between the occurrence of OP and obesity. In recent years, sirtuins have emerged as a prominent area of interest in the fields of aging and endocrine metabolism.

Evaluation of five questionnaires for obstructive sleep apnea screening in the elderly.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often leads to complications in the elderly. This study compares the usefulness of five screening tools for OSA in elderly patients. Data from elderly patients diagnosed with OSA, collected from the Sleep Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2012 to June 2017, is analyzed.

The role of mitochondrial remodeling in neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of diseases that pose a serious threat to human health, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). In recent years, it has been found that mitochondrial remodeling plays an important role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial remodeling refers to the dynamic regulatory process of mitochondrial morphology, number and function, which can affect neuronal cell function and survival by regulating mechanisms such as mitochondrial fusion, division, clearance and biosynthesis.

Research Progress of Food-Derived Antihypertensive Peptides in Regulating the Key Factors of the Renin-Angiotensin System.

Food protein-derived antihypertensive peptides have attracted substantial attention as a safer alternative for drugs. The regulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an essential aspect underlying the mechanisms of antihypertensive peptides. Most of the identified antihypertensive peptides exhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory effect.

Developing a simplified measure to predict the risk of autism spectrum disorders: Abbreviating the M-CHAT-R using a machine learning approach in China.

Background: Early screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is crucial, yet current assessment tools in Chinese primary child care are limited in efficacy.

Objective: This study aims to employ machine learning algorithms to identify key indicators from the 20-item Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, revised (M-CHAT-R) combining with ASD-related sociodemographic and environmental factors, to distinguish ASD from typically developing children.

Methods: Data from our prior validation study of the Chinese M-CHAT-R (August 2016-March 2017, n = 6,049 toddlers) were reviewed.

Molecular Mechanisms of circKIF4A in Breast Cancer Progression.

Aim: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy worldwide, necessitating continued research into its molecular mechanisms. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in various cancers, including BC. This study explores the role of circRNA kinesin family member 4A (circKIF4A) in BC progression and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Regulation of pancreatic cancer cells by suppressing KIN17 through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumor, which is often associated with a poor clinical prognosis and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Therefore, there is a need to identify new therapeutic markers for pancreatic cancer. Although KIN17 is a highly expressed DNA‑ and RNA‑binding protein in a number of types of human cancer, its role in pancreatic cancer development, especially in relation to progression, is currently unknown.

Evaluating the Relationship between Cathepsins and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer, with an etiology and progression that are not fully understood. Research suggests a link between cathepsins and PTC, but the causal nature of this link is unclear. This study uses Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate if cathepsins causally influence PTC risk.

Retrospective analysis of the occurrence, potential risk factors and medical significance of pulmonary complications after total shoulder arthroplasty from the National Inpatient Sample database (2010-2019).

Background: In USA, total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) ranks amongst the top five surgeries that require hospitalization. As a result, the healthcare system in USA could face a considerable financial strain due to the emergence of subsequent pulmonary problems. This study aimed to conduct a thorough examination of the prevalence, influential factors and medical importance of pulmonary complications, with emphasis on pneumonia, respiratory failure and pulmonary embolism (PE) following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) procedures in USA.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-based biosensors for advanced extracellular vesicle detection: A review.

Background: Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), as nano-scale vesicles rich in biological information, hold an indispensable status in the biomedical field. However, due to the intrinsic small size and low abundance of EVs, their effective detection presents significant challenges. Although various EV detection techniques exist, their sensitivity and ease of operation still need enhancement.