Nutraceutical tablets: Manufacturing processes, quality assurance, and effects on human health.

Consumers are increasingly focused on food products' nutritional content and health aspects. Nutraceutical tablets containing nutritional supplements have seen remarkable progress and are well-known for their precise dosage, which can improve consumer health by increasing the intake of bioactive compounds and vital nutrients. Oral nutraceuticals are frequently used to enhance consumer well-being, with around 80% of products being in solid form.

Integrated analyses of multi-omic data derived from paired primary lung cancer and brain metastasis reveal the metabolic vulnerability as a novel therapeutic target.

Background: Lung cancer brain metastases (LC-BrMs) are frequently associated with dismal mortality rates in patients with lung cancer; however, standard of care therapies for LC-BrMs are still limited in their efficacy. A deep understanding of molecular mechanisms and tumor microenvironment of LC-BrMs will provide us with new insights into developing novel therapeutics for treating patients with LC-BrMs.

Methods: Here, we performed integrated analyses of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and single-cell RNA sequencing data which were derived from a total number of 154 patients with paired and unpaired primary lung cancer and LC-BrM, spanning four published and two newly generated patient cohorts on both bulk and single cell levels.

Hollow Pt-Encrusted RuCu Nanocages Optimizing OH Adsorption for Efficient Hydrogen Oxidation Electrocatalysis.

As one of the best candidates for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), ruthenium (Ru) has attracted significant attention for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), although it suffers from sluggish kinetics under alkaline conditions due to its strong hydroxide affinity. In this work, we develop ternary hollow nanocages with Pt epitaxy on RuCu (Pt-RuCu NCs) as efficient HOR catalysts for application in AEMFCs. Experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations confirm that the synergy in optimized Pt-RuCu NCs significantly modifies the electronic structure and coordination environment of Ru, thereby balancing the binding strengths of H* and OH* species, which leads to a markedly enhanced HOR performance.

Mechanochemical activation of 2D MnPS for sub-attomolar sensing.

Molecular detection is important in biosensing, food safety, and environmental surveillance. The high biocompatibility, superior mechanical stability, and low cost make plasmon-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) a promising sensing technique, the ultrahigh sensitivity of which is urgently pursued for realistic applications. As a proof of concept, we report a mechanochemical strategy, which combines the wrinkling and chemical functionalization, to fabricate a plasmon-free SERS platform based on 2D MnPS with a sub-attomolar detection limit.

Miniaturized, portable gustation interfaces for VR/AR/MR.

Gustation is one of the five innate sensations for humans, distinguishing from vision, auditory, tactile, and olfaction, as which is a close and chemically induced sense. Despite the fact that a handful of gustation display technologies have been developed, the new technologies still pose significant challenges in miniaturization of the overall size for portability, enriching taste options within a limited working area, supporting natural human-device interaction, and achieving precisely controlled taste feedback. To address these issues, here, we report a set of intelligent and portable lollipop-shaped taste interfacing systems covering from 2 to 9 different taste options for establishing an adjustable taste platform in virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) environments.

Subtle Modifications in Interface Configurations of Iron/Cobalt Phthalocyanine-Based Electrocatalysts Determine Molecular CO Reduction Activities.

Strain engineering has emerged as a powerful approach in steering material properties. However, the mechanism and potential limitations remain poorly understood. Here we report that subtle changes in molecular configurations can profoundly affect, conducively or adversely, the catalytic selectivity and product turnover frequencies (TOFs) of CO reduction reaction.

Bypassing Ca Influx for Antimetastasis Photodynamic Therapy via Robust Nucleus-Targeted Near-Infrared Cyanines.

Hypoxia-induced tumor metastasis severely hinders the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer treatment. Current strategies predominantly offer palliative suppression of the HIF-1α pathway, emphasizing the urgent need for innovative PDT approaches to prevent metastasis from the outset. Our study revealed that typical PDT triggers an increase in cytoplasmic Ca levels, activating HIF-1α, and that reducing Ca levels can, in turn, mitigate metastasis.

Single-stage versus two-stage partial nitritation - anammox reactor systems for deammoniafication under hypersaline conditions.

The production of increasing amounts of high salinity wastewaters in our industrialized society has prioritized their treatment to prevent environmental pollution. The partial nitritation - anammox (PN/A) process for nitrogen removal has been little investigated for hypersaline wastewaters (salinity greater than 3%). In the investigation presented here, single-stage versus two-stage partial nitritation - anammox (PN/A) reactor systems for deammonification at 4% (40 g/kg) saline conditions were investigated and compared in completely mixed fixed bed reactors.

Reversible Anion-Cation Relay-Intercalation in a T-MnO Cathode to Boost the Efficiency of Aqueous Dual-Ion Batteries.

Benefiting from the merits of intrinsic safety, high power density, environmental friendliness, and high-output voltage, aqueous dual-ion batteries (ADIBs) have shown broad potential applications in future grid-scale energy storage. However, since the ADIBs require the cathodes to undergo the intercalation reactions through different local structures and mechanisms, causing large structural deformation and cathode failure, their reversible cation-anion intercalation in the cathode remains a major challenge. To address this issue, based on a reasonable selection and theoretical simulation, this work finds that Todorokite manganese dioxide (t-MnO) cathode with a metal-ion stabilized 3 × 3 large-tunnel structure should be suitable for cation-anion intercalation of ADIBs.

Deciphering mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in regulating macrophage polarization to alleviate atherosclerosis via virtual screening and experimental verification.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), a traditional prescription known for its Supplementing Qi and Promoting Blood Circulation, has demonstrated noteworthy therapeutic roles in regulating macrophage polarization to atherosclerosis (AS). However, its underlying mechanisms remain unknown.

Aim Of The Study: The purpose of this paper was to decipher mechanism of BYHWD in regulating macrophage polarization to alleviate AS.

Producing D-Ribose from D-Xylose by Demonstrating a Pentose Izumoring Route.

D-Ribose plays fundamental roles in all living organisms and has been applied in food, cosmetics, health care, and pharmaceutical sectors. At present, D-ribose is predominantly produced by microbial fermentation based on the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). However, this method suffers from a long synthetic pathway, severe growth defect of the host cell, and carbon catabolite repression (CCR).

A novel label-free biosensor for myocardial ischemia biomarker detection via CRISPR/12a.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Here, we present a novel, label-free biosensor for detecting myocardial ischemia biomarkers via CRISPR/Cas12a. This system utilizes the unique properties of CRISPR/Cas12a and G-quadruplex-ThT-based biosensors, enabling sensitive and specific detection of ATP, a crucial biomarker in cardiovascular diseases, at concentrations as low as 23 nM.

Search for Soft Unclustered Energy Patterns in Proton-Proton Collisions at 13 TeV.

The first search for soft unclustered energy patterns (SUEPs) is performed using an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, collected in 2016-2018 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Such SUEPs are predicted by hidden valley models with a new, confining force with a large 't Hooft coupling. In events with boosted topologies, selected by high-threshold hadronic triggers, the multiplicity and sphericity of clustered tracks are used to reject the background from standard model quantum chromodynamics.

Quantum Metrology Enhanced by Leveraging Informative Noise with Error Correction.

The primary challenge in advancing practical quantum technology is the presence of noise, which can lead to decoherence and undermine the advantages of quantum systems. However, it is worth noting that noise can also contain information that can be harnessed to improve performance in certain quantum information tasks. This has been explored for specific types of noise, but the full potential of informative noise within general dynamics remains largely unknown.

Cross-Linked Polyamide-Integrated Argyrodite LiPSCl for All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batterie.

Lithium dendrite growth has become a significant barrier to realizing high-performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. Herein, an effective approach is presented to address this challenge through interphase engineering by using a cross-linked polyamide (negative electrostatic potential) that is chemically anchored to the surface of LiPSCl (positive electrostatic potential). This method improves contact between electrolyte particles and strategically modifies the local electronic structure at the grain boundary.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The nexus of fintech and water productivity in 11 BRICS countries.

In the context of a global water crisis, enhancing water productivity is becoming increasingly crucial. While previous research has predominantly addressed technical and policy aspects of water management, the role of fintech in improving water productivity has not been sufficiently explored. This research investigates the impact of fintech on water productivity, considering the moderating effect of education level.

Sticky Superhydrophobic State.

It is common sense that the droplet is stickier to substrates with larger solid-liquid contact areas. Here, we report that this intuitive trend reverses for hollowed micropillars, where a decrease in solid-liquid contact area caused by an increase in the pore size of a pillar top leads to an increase in the droplet depinning force. As compared to relief of liquid-vapor interface distortion caused by the sliding of the contact line on filled pillars, the pore hinders the contact line sliding, hence leading to enhanced interface distortion and droplet adhesion.

Orientation-Selective Memory Switching in Quasi-1D NbSe Neuromorphic Device for Omnibearing Motion Detection.

Intelligent neuromorphic hardware holds considerable promise in addressing the growing demand for massive real-time data processing in edge computing. Resistive switching materials with intrinsic anisotropy and a compact design of non-volatile memory devices with the capability of handling spatiotemporally reconstructed data is crucial to perform sophisticated tasks in complex application scenarios. In this study, an anisotropic resistive switching cell with a planar configuration based on lithiated NbSe nanosheets is demonstrated.

Imaging dendrite growth in solid-state sodium batteries using fluorescence tomography technology.

Dendrite growth in solid-state sodium batteries (SSBs) is one of the most concerned issues that critically affect the battery efficiency and cycling performance. Here, by designing a fluorescent Eu-doped NaZrSiPO solid electrolyte (SE) to facilitate three-dimensional (3D) optical imaging on a confocal laser scanning microscopy, a fluorescence tomography (FT) method is developed for observing the sodium dendrite growth during charge/discharge cycles of the SSBs in a 3D view. It is quantitatively revealed that small-size sodium islands appear after several cycles, and with the cycles increasing, large-size dendrites in tens of micrometers gradually form until a critical sodium dendrite volume arrives where a short circuit or severe performance deterioration occurs.

The 1978 English boarding school influenza outbreak: where the classic SEIR model fails.

Previous work has failed to fit classic SEIR epidemic models satisfactorily to the prevalence data of the famous English boarding school 1978 influenza A/H1N1 outbreak during the children's pandemic. It is still an open question whether a biologically plausible model can fit the prevalence time series and the attack rate correctly. To construct the final model, we first used an intentionally very flexible and overfitted discrete-time epidemiologic model to learn the epidemiological features from the data.