Perianal leiomyosarcoma as a rare sequela of rectal cancer radiotherapy: a case report.

Radiation-induced sarcomas (RIS) are iatrogenic malignancies that arise following high-dose radiotherapy, posing a significant clinical challenge due to their poor prognosis and resistance to conventional treatments. The incidence of RIS is increasing with advancements in radiotherapy techniques. This report presents a case of a 71-year-old male diagnosed with stage III rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and curative surgery.

Aloperine Attenuates UVB-induced Damage in Skin Fibroblasts via Activating TFE3/Beclin-1-Mediated Autophagy.

Background: Aloperine (ALO) is an important active ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Sophora alopecuroides L and has a significant autophagy-stimulating effect. The effect of ALO on cytotoxicity caused by UVB radiation in skin fibroblasts and the potential mechanism remains unclear.

Objective: The present study aimed to assess the effect of ALO on UVB-induced damage in skin fibroblasts and investigate its possible mechanism.

The relationship between HBV antigens deposition in kidneys and renal prognosis in IgA nephropathy patients infected with HBV.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a risk factor for the progression of immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy. The effect of HBV antigens deposition in kidneys and treatment influencing HBV deposition requires further investigation.

Methods: We analyzed 198 patients with IgAN, including 99 patients with HBV infection and 99 propensity score-matched patients without HBV infection.

Pan-cancer analysis of CLDN18.2 shed new insights on the targeted therapy of upper gastrointestinal tract cancers.

Background: CLDN18.2 is a widely researched drug target. However, previous research has primarily been based on immunohistochemistry results and focused on gastric cancer.

Virtual reality: The bridge between medical education and clinical practice.

After perusing the paper by Kim , I discovered that this is an interesting manuscript and a successful study. Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging and promising technology employed in the domain of medical practice and medical education over the past decade. In the era of big data, VR is constantly progressing in the fields of medical education and clinical diagnosis and treatment.

A Multifunctional Low-Temperature Photothermal Nanomedicine for Melanoma Treatment via the Oxidative Stress Pathway Therapy.

Purpose: Melanoma is a highly aggressive and dangerous malignant skin tumor and there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic approaches against melanoma. The main objective of this study was to construct a multifunctional nanomedicine (GNR@PEG-Qu) to investigate its therapeutic effect on melanoma from the oxidative stress pathway.

Methods: First, the nanomedicine GNR@PEG-Qu was synthesized and characterized, and its photothermal and antioxidant properties were confirmed.

ARID1A is a coactivator of STAT5 that contributes to CD8 T cell dysfunction and anti-PD-1 resistance in gastric cancer.

ARID1A deletion mutation contributes to improved treatment of several malignancies with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, its role in modulating of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Here, we report an increase of CD8 T cells infiltration in GC patients with ARID1A-mutation (MUT), which enhances sensitivity to ICIs.

Pyroptosis mediated by Parkin-NLRP3 negative feedback loop contributed to Parkinson's disease induced by rotenone.

Rotenone remains an efficient pesticide used extensively in agriculture, leading to neurotoxicity and the increase of the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies indicated that Parkin, a neurohomeostasis regulatory factor, and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), a core factor driving the inflammatory response, interacted with each other, which affected neuroinflammation occurrence. However, whether rotenone accelerated PD progression via Parkin-NLRP3 loop and the specific mechanisms were still unclear.

MicroRNA-mediated autophagy and drug resistance in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.

This paper provides an exhaustive overview of the intricate interplay between microRNAs (miRNAs) and autophagy in the context of human cancers, underscoring the pivotal role these non-coding RNAs play in modulating autophagic pathways and their implications for cancer development, progression, and resistance to therapy. MiRNAs, as critical regulators of gene expression post-transcription, influence various biological processes, including autophagy, a catabolic mechanism essential for cellular homeostasis, stress response, and survival. The review meticulously delineates the mechanisms through which miRNAs impact autophagy by targeting specific genes and signaling pathways, thereby affecting cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and response to chemotherapy.

Dual function antioxidant and anti-inflammatory fish maw peptides: Isolation and structure-activity analysis via tandem molecular docking and quantum chemical calculation.

The structure-function relationship of gastrointestinal tract digestion-derived fish maw peptides remains largely unknown. This study aims to elucidate the active sites and cellular bioactivities of these peptides through molecular docking (MD), density functional theory (DFT) computations, in silico bioinformatic analysis, and in cellulo Caco-2 cell studies. In silico screening identified 29 non-toxic, non-allergenic, and water-soluble peptides.

4-Methyl-N-(Piperidin-1-Ylmethylene) Benzenesulfonamide (PMSA) Promotes Ferroptosis of Tumor Cells by Targeting the Axis.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of 4-methyl-N-(piperidin-1-ylmethylene) benzenesulfonamide (PMSA) on tumor cell proliferation, migration, ferroptosis, and the potential molecular mechanism of ferroptosis in tumor cells.

Methods: PMSA was produced in the marine biomedical research institute of Guangdong Medical University (Zhanjiang, China) and used for tumor cells treatment. MTT and cell colony formation assays were used to measure the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, the scratch assay was used to identified the suppression of tumor cell migration, the death of tumor cells was measured by Annexin-V-FITC/PI staining, the level of ferroptosis-relative lipid ROS in tumor cells was measured by flow cytometry and MDA detection kit, and the expression of ferroptosis-relative protein was measured by Western blot.

Comprehensive analysis and novel insights into the efficacy of polymyxin B sulfate in the treatment of sepsis caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria.

Objective: To investigate and analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of polymyxin B sulfate in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) in sepsis; in order to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation of sepsis.

Methods: The clinical data of 76 patients with CR-GNB sepsis treated with polymyxin B sulfate combined with an anti-infection regimen in the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University from January 2020 to February 2024 were retrospectively studied. To analyze and discuss the clinical characteristics, results of the bacterial culture and drug sensitivity, clinical efficacy and prognosis of CR-GNB patients, efficacy comparison of different doses of polymyxin B sulfate treatment regimens, efficacy comparison of different combination regimens based on polymyxin B sulfate, changes in clinical indexes before and after treatment of polymyxin B sulfate, adverse drug reactions and adverse events of polymyxin B sulfate were investigated.

Global Profiling Lysine Reactivity and Ligandability with Oxidant-Triggered Bioconjugation Chemistry.

Due to the high abundance and diverse functions of lysine residues, both in the interior and on the surface of proteins, the development of new methods to characterize their reactivity and ligandability could significantly expand the pool of druggable targets. To date, only a limited number of aminophilic electrophiles have been assessed for interactions with the lysine proteome, resulting in a substantial fraction remaining inaccessible to current probes. Here, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first oxidant-triggered bioconjugation platform for in-depth profiling of lysines.

Enhancing the understanding of doxorubicin's therapeutic impact in breast cancer.

In this letter, we extend our commendation to the authors of the study titled "Doxorubicin downregulates cell cycle regulatory hub genes in breast cancer cells" for their insightful work. However, we also propose several areas for potential enhancement. We identify the study's limitations, such as a focus on the effects of doxorubicin treatment over a limited 48-h period, potential biases due to algorithmic and database constraints, and the absence of in vivo model validation.

Correlation between glucose metabolism and body mass index in tumor lesions of patients with lung cancer.

Objective: Lung cancer, along with various other cancers, is characterized by increased glucose metabolism. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), derived from positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), serves as an indicator of glucose metabolic activity in tumor lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and SUVmax in individuals with lung cancer.

Dual-targeting of tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages by hyaluronic acid-modified MnO for enhanced sonodynamic therapy.

In addition to tumor cells, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) also promote tumor progression. Accordingly, the strategy of targeted depletion or repolarization of M2-like TAMs becomes attractive. Here, we report a dual-targeting nanoagent SAMMH to tumor cells and M2-like TAMs for combinatorial tumor treatment.

Mitoxantrone attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibition of NEDD8 activating enzyme.

Background: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) by interacting with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), leading to the production of various proinflammatory enzymes and cytokines that are crucial in the development of acute lung injury (ALI). Mitoxantrone (MTX) has been demonstrated to mitigate the inflammatory response caused by LPS; however, its precise function in the context of ALI is not fully comprehended.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of MTX against LPS-induced ALI.

Discrimination of thrombus types in ischemic stroke using Dual-Energy CT.

Objective: This study explores the clinical utility of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in discriminating thrombus types in ischemic stroke.

Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent brain DECT non-contrast scanning and brain CT perfusion (CTP) before thrombectomy were included, and the thrombus composition was analyzed by postoperative pathology. DECT data was conducted to reconstruct polychromatic images and effective atomic number images.

Augmenting antitumor efficacy of Th17-derived Th1 cells through IFN-γ-induced type I interferon response network via IRF7.

The importance of CD4 T cells in cancer immunotherapy has gained increasing recognition. Particularly, a specific subset of CD4 T cells coexpressing the T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 markers has demonstrated remarkable antitumor potential. However, the underlying mechanisms governing the differentiation of these cells and their subsequent antitumor responses remain incompletely understood.

A Supramolecular Self-Assembled Nanoprodrug for Enhanced Ferroptosis Therapy.

Ferroptosis can induce cell death that leverages Fe-triggered Fenton reactions within living organisms, leading to an excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides (LPOs) and inducing cell death. Ferroptosis can effectively circumvent the inevitable drug resistance encountered with traditional apoptotic therapies. However, several issues remain in the clinical application of ferroptosis anticancer therapy, primarily due to the poor efficiency of intracellular Fenton reaction.

In-Silico discovery of 17alpha-hydroxywithanolide-D as potential neuroprotective allosteric modulator of NMDA receptor targeting Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and behavioral alterations. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor has emerged as a promising target for AD pharmacotherapy due to its role in the disease's pathogenesis. This study leverages advanced computational methods to screen 80 active constituents of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), a traditional herb known for its neuroprotective effects, against the NMDA receptor, using FDA-approved Ifenprodil as a reference.

Negative pressure assisted rubbing suction technique for the treatment of axillary osmidrosis based on minimally invasive principle.

Background: Axillary Osmidrosis is highly prevalent and occurr in adolescents, bilateral onset, its pathogenesis is related to abnormal secretion function of apocrine glands, with a significant genetic predisposition, the patient's bilateral armpit area can smell a spicy pungent odor, although it does not affect the health, but it is inconvenient to life, socialize. Patients are often accompanied by low self-esteem and urgently require treatment, and most of them have the requirement of minimally invasive treatment and minimal scarring.

Method: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive treatment of axillary osmidrosis with refined negative pressure-assisted rubbing suction technique.