[Determination of benzimidazoles residue markers in chicken tissue by high performance liquid chromatography].

A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 11 benzimildazoles residue markers in chicken meat, liver and kidney samples by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chicken tissue sample was extracted with acetonitrile, defatted with -hexane, and purified with an MCX solid-phase extraction cartridge. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Atlantis T column with the gradient elution of methyl alcohol-1% (v/v) acetic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phases at a flow rate of 1.

A transcriptional and functional analysis of heat hardening in two invasive fruit fly species, and .

Many insects have the capacity to increase their resistance to high temperatures by undergoing heat hardening at nonlethal temperatures. Although this response is well established, its molecular underpinnings have only been investigated in a few species where it seems to relate at least partly to the expression of heat shock protein () genes. Here, we studied the mechanism of hardening and associated transcription responses in larvae of two invasive fruit fly species in China, and .

Phenotypic Consequence of Rearranging the N Gene of RABV HEP-Flury.

Nucleoprotein (N) is a key element in rabies virus (RABV) replication. To further investigate the effect of N on RABV, we manipulated an infectious cDNA clone of the RABV HEP-Flury to rearrange the N gene from its wild-type position of 1 (N-P-M-G-L) to 2 (P-N-M-G-L), 3 (P-M-N-G-L), or 4 (P-M-G-N-L), using an approach that left the viral nucleotide sequence unaltered. Subsequently, viable viruses were recovered from each of the rearranged cDNA and examined for their gene expression levels, growth kinetics in cell culture, pathogenicity in suckling mice and protection in mice.

Networking for training Level 3/4 biosafety laboratory staff.

Worldwide, public health systems are continually challenged by emerging and re-emerging viruses. It is therefore important that high-containment labs coordinate and communicate globally to share their experiences and lessons to improve their capacity to respond to threats. The National Biosafety (Level 4) Laboratory in Wuhan, CAS, which is the first Level 4 biosafety laboratory (BSL-4) in China, has been certified recently and it is expected to play an important role in the prevention and control of highly infectious agents in future.

[Determination of glufosinate-ammonium and its three metabolites in litchi and banana by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry].

A method was developed for the determination of glufosinate-ammonium and its metabolites in litchi and banana by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The samples were ultrasound extracted by water, centrifuged to precipitate, and filtered through a 0.22 μm Millipore membrane.

Population structure of a global agricultural invasive pest, (Diptera: Tephritidae).

the Oriental fruit fly, is one of the world's most destructive agricultural insect pests and a major impediment to international fresh commodity trade. The genetic structuring of the species across its entire geographic range has never been undertaken, because under a former taxonomy was divided into four distinct taxonomic entities, each with their own, largely non-overlapping, distributions. Based on the extensive sampling of six a priori groups from 63 locations, genetic and geometric morphometric datasets were generated to detect macrogeographic population structure, and to determine prior and current invasion pathways of this species.

[Determination of monomethyltin migration from toys by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and confirmation of its false positive].

Based on migration procedures using simulated gastric juice specified in the EU toy Safety Standard EN 71-3:2013/A2:2017, a method was developed for the determination of monomethyltin (MMT) migration from toys by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Further, a reliable confirmation method for judgement of a false positive for MMT obtained by GC-MS, was established. After optimizing the migration conditions, derivatization steps and chromatographic parameters, the method yielded a linear range from 0.

[Simultaneous determination of monepantel and its metabolite residues in cow and sheep milk by solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

A method for the rapid and simultaneous determination of monepantel and its metabolite residues in cow and sheep milk has been developed using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile to precipitate the proteins and passed through a neutral alumina solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. The extracts were separated on an Inertsil C8-3 column (150 mm×4.

Rapid determination of hexavalent chromium in textiles by a novel ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate derivatization combined with UHPLC-MS/MS.

Hexavalent chromium is mainly determined by traditional spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, and ion chromatography methods. In the present work, a reliable ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was firstly developed for the determination of hexavalent chromium in textiles. The sample was extracted by acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution and followed by derivatization with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate.

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in Chinese tonic liquors by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry.

Chinese tonic liquor is an important dietary supplement in daily use, but it often happens that illicitly adulterated drugs in Chinese tonic liquor could lead to food safety issues. In this survey, an analytical method consisting of a liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer (LC-Q-TOF-MS), coupled with quick easy cheap effective rugged safe (QuEChERS) pretreatment, was established for identification of phosphodiesterase type 5 enzyme (PDE-5) inhibitors in Chinese tonic liquors. 86 PDE-5 inhibitors were qualitatively analysed by employing information dependent acquisition mass spectrometry (IDA-MS) in comparison with the accurate mass of the protonated molecular ion, isotopic pattern, library and chemical formula.

Patient-derived avian influenza A (H5N6) virus is highly pathogenic in mice but can be effectively treated by anti-influenza polyclonal antibodies.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N6) virus has been circulating in poultry since 2013 and causes sporadic infections and fatalities in humans. Due to the re-occurrence and continuous evolution of this virus subtype, there is an urgent need to better understand the pathogenicity of the H5N6 virus and to identify effective preventative and therapeutic strategies. We established a mouse model to evaluate the virulence of H5N6 A/Guangzhou/39715/2014 (H5N6/GZ14), which was isolated from an infected patient.

n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidorinae) from the Rhizosphere of Japanese (Thunb.), a Cryptic Species Related to Williams, 1961.

n. sp., isolated in Ningbo, China, from the rhizosphere of (Thunb.

Study of chest injuries to 3-year-old child occupants seated in impact shield and 5-point harness CRSs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether the 5-point harness or the impact shield child restraint system (CRS) or both have the potential to cause chest injuries to children. This is determined by examining whether the loading to the chest reaches the internal organ injury threshold for children.

Method: The chest injury risk to a child occupant in a CRS was investigated using Q3 dummy tests, finite element (FE) simulations (Q3 dummy and human models), and animal tests.

Interspecific Competition Between Ceratitis capitata and Two Bactrocera Spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) Evaluated via Adult Behavioral Interference Under Laboratory Conditions.

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), is considered one of the most invasive tephritid species. It has spread and established populations successfully throughout many of the tropical temperate regions, partially owing to the increase in global trading activity that facilitates diffusion of species. However, C.

Migration of copper from nanocopper/LDPE composite films.

Three nanocopper/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composite films were tested in food simulants (3% acetic acid and 10% ethanol) and real food matrices (rice vinegar, bottled water and Chinese liquor) to explore the behaviours of copper migration using ICP-OES and GFAAS. The effects of exposure time, temperature, nanocopper concentration and contact media on the release of copper from nanocopper/LDPE composite films were studied. It was shown that the migration of copper into 10% ethanol was much less than that into 3% acetic acid at the same conditions.

Bioactive α-pyrone meroterpenoids from mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp.

Five α-pyrone meroterpenoids, including one new 3-epiarigsugacin E (1) and four known compounds, arisugacin D (2), arisugacin B (3), territrem C (4) and terreulactone C (5) were obtained from the marine fungus Penicillium sp. SK5GW1L. Their structures were identified by MS and NMR experiments, and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was further confirmed by low temperature (150 K) single crystal X-ray diffraction with Cu Kα radiation.

Dengue virus infection induces formation of G3BP1 granules in human lung epithelial cells.

Cells reprogram ongoing translation in response to viral infection, resulting in formation of stress granules (SGs), while viruses have evolved a variety of strategies to antagonize the host SG response. Previous literature reported that in BHK-1 cells, infection with dengue virus (DENV) interfered with the SG formation. In the current study, we further investigated SG formation in human epithelial A549 cells by detecting subcellular localization of two SG hallmarks, TIA-1 and G3BP1.

Genetic Record for a Recent Invasion of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Asia.

The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is an emerging invasive insect pest. Since its first report as a pest in the United States in 1991, it has invaded and colonized more than 23 countries over the past century. It was first recorded from Pakistan in 2006 and from China in 2008.

A robust method for determining water-extractable alkylphenol polyethoxylates in textile products by reaction-based headspace gas chromatography.

Alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEO), surfactants used in the production of textiles, have the potential to move from the fabric to the skin of the person wearing the clothes, posing an inherent risk of adverse health consequences. Therefore, the textile industry needs a fast, robust method for determining aqueous extractable APEO in fabrics. The currently-favored HPLC methods are limited by the presence of a mixture of analytes (due to the molecular weight distribution) and a lack of analytical standards for quantifying results.

Eukaryotic initiation factor 4AI interacts with NS4A of Dengue virus and plays an antiviral role.

Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes the most prevalent diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. DENV utilizes host factors to facilitate its replication, while host cells intend to restrain virus replication. NS4A of DENV has been implicated to play a crucial role during viral replication.

Clinical, virological and immunological features from patients infected with re-emergent avian-origin human H7N9 influenza disease of varying severity in Guangdong province.

Background: The second wave of avian influenza H7N9 virus outbreak in humans spread to the Guangdong province of China by August of 2013 and this virus is now endemic in poultry in this region.

Methods: Five patients with H7N9 virus infection admitted to our hospital during August 2013 to February 2014 were intensively investigated. Viral load in the respiratory tract was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and cytokine levels were measured by bead-based flow cytometery.

Homology difference analysis of invasive mealybug species Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley in Southern China with COI gene sequence variability.

The mealybug species Phenacoccus solenopsis (P. solenopsis) has caused much agricultural damage since its recent invasion in China. However, the source of this invasion remains unclear.

Induction of neutralizing antibodies to influenza A virus H7N9 by inactivated whole virus in mice and nonhuman primates.

We evaluated the immunogenicity of hemagglutinin (HA) in the context of inactivated H7N9/AH/1/13-PR8 whole-virion. At 4weeks after immunization with 15μg HA, mice produced hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers of 1:192 and neutralizing antibodies of 1:317. Aluminum hydroxide (alum), or a booster immunization, or both increased HI to 1:768, 1:384, 1:896 and neutralizing antibodies to 1:1868, 1:2302, 1:10,000, respectively.