Resolving heterogeneity of early-onset major depressive disorder through individual differential structural covariance network analysis.

Background: Early-onset major depressive disorder (EO-MDD) is characterized by its significant heterogeneity, hindering progress in research. Traditional case-control studies, like group-level structural covariance network, struggle to capture individual heterogeneity among EO-MDD patients.

Methods: In this study, T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging was obtained from 185 participants, including 103 EO-MDD patients and 82 healthy controls.

MO-GCN: A multi-omics graph convolutional network for discriminative analysis of schizophrenia.

The methodology of machine learning with multi-omics data has been widely adopted in the discriminative analyses of schizophrenia, but most of these studies ignored the cooperative interactions and topological attributes of multi-omics networks. In this study, we constructed three types of brain graphs (BGs), three types of gut graphs (GGs), and nine types of brain-gut combined graphs (BGCGs) for each individual. We proposed a novel methodology of multi-omics graph convolutional network (MO-GCN) with an attention mechanism to construct a classification model by integrating all BGCGs.

Digital-based emergency prevention and control system: enhancing infection control in psychiatric hospitals.

Background: The practical application of infectious disease emergency plans in mental health institutions during the ongoing pandemic has revealed significant shortcomings. These manifest as chaotic management of mental health care, a lack of hospital infection prevention and control (IPC) knowledge among medical staff, and unskilled practical operation. These factors result in suboptimal decision-making and emergency response execution.

EYE SHAPE DEFORMITY PREDICTS MYOPIC MACULOPATHY PROGRESSION AMONG HIGHLY MYOPIC INDIVIDUALS: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study.

Purpose: To determine the impact of eye shape using three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging on myopic maculopathy (MM) progression.

Methods: At baseline, 67 participants with high myopia were selected. Eye shape was classified into spheroidal, ellipsoidal, temporally distorted, nasally distorted, conical, and barrel-shape identified from three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging.

Association between cognitive function, antioxidants, and clinical variables in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

Objective: Cognitive dysfunction is a prevalent and intricate manifestation of schizophrenia (SCZ) that may be associated with distinct clinical factors and the presence of antioxidants, which relationship is unclear. The study aimed to investigate cognitive function and its influencing factors in Chinese patients with SCZ.

Methods: A group of 133 patients with SCZ and 120 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited.

Antidepressant response time across intermittent theta burst stimulation regimens and efficacy indicators in adolescents depression: a secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation (aiTBS), which involves the administration of multiple daily sessions of iTBS, represents a novel regimen of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Studies have suggested that aiTBS may facilitate a fast response among patients with major depressive disorders. However, whether aiTBS can accelerate antidepressant response in adolescents suffering from depression is still unclear.

Effect of serum antioxidants on cognitive dysfunction in first-episode and drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder.

Background: Cognitive dysfunction is a persistent and difficult-to-treat symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) and is receiving increasing attention. A balanced state of oxidative stress sustained by antioxidants is essential for normal functioning of brain, including learning capacity, emotional regulation, and cognitive function. The correlation between cognition and oxidative stress may also be altered in patients with mental disorders.

Gonadal hormone abnormalities in young patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Background: Gonadal hormones have been reported to be involved in the molecular mechanisms of schizophrenia (SCH). However, only a few studies have examined the gonadal hormone dysfunctions in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients, in particular in young patients with SCH. This study was designed to investigate the sex differences in gonadal hormones in young and antipsychotic-naïve FES patients.

ECGA: A web server to explore and analyze extrachromosomal gene in cancer.

Circular extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) plays a crucial role in the onset, progression, and evolution of many types of cancers, with dysregulated gene expression driven by ecDNA as a key mechanism. Although database resources for ecDNA are now available, a sophisticated web application dedicated to ecDNA gene analysis remains absent. Therefore, we developed ecDNA gene analyzer (ECGA).

Onset age moderates the associations between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and clinical symptoms in first-episode patients with schizophrenia.

Patients with schizophrenia with early onset age have been shown to exhibit more severe negative symptoms. Genetic, biomarker, postmortem brain, and imaging studies indicate the involvement of immune abnormalities in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this study, we examined the moderating role of early onset on the associations between clinical symptoms and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in medication-naïve first-episode schizophrenia (MNFES).

The efficacy of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.

The modulation of gut microbiota through probiotics holds promise as a novel avenue for schizophrenia treatment. This study aims to analyze probiotic complementary therapy on individuals with schizophrenia systematically, to investigate probiotic efficacy, potential mechanisms, and implications for clinical practice. Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched in Medline, Web of Science, Embase, ClinicalTrials.

Association Between Serum Galectin-3 and Parkinson's Disease: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with poor prognosis. Observational studies have demonstrated a significant correlation between serum galectin-3 and PD, suggesting a potential role of galectin-3 as a biomarker for PD. However, it is still unclear whether galectin-3 contributes to the risk of the disease.

A mendelian randomization analysis of the associations between haptoglobin and multiple sclerosis.

Background: Observational studies have suggested an association between plasma haptoglobin and multiple sclerosis (MS). Haptoglobin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MS. However, whether it has a causal effect on MS remains unknown.

The causal association between epilepsy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: Epilepsy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are common neurological disorders. The association between the two disorders has been raised in observational studies. However, it is uncertain to what extent they have mutual causal effects.

Influencing factors for postpartum depression in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: It remains undefined about the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and postpartum depression (PPD). Hence, a cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the association between GDM and PPD among pregnant women and to investigate the influencing factors for PPD.

Methods: From June 2021 to June 2022, 205 parturients with GDM and 201 without GDM were included in the study as the GDM group and the control group, respectively.

Chemosensory anhedonia facilitates depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in late-life depression.

Aim: Chemosensory anhedonia refers to the lack of hedonic ability to experience pleasure through the senses of smell and taste, which reduces the pleasure and comfort of food, and increases the risk of nutritional and immune deficiencies. However, there is no direct scientific evidence regarding chemosensory anhedonia in patients with late-life depression (LLD). The aim of this study was to investigate chemosensory anhedonia in patients with LLD, and its potential association with depressive symptoms and cognitive function.

Structural covariance network activity in the medial prefrontal cortex is modulated by childhood abuse in adolescents with depression.

Aberrant structural covariance (SC) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is believed to play a crucial role in adolescent-onset major depressive disorder (AO-MDD). However, the effect of childhood abuse (CA) on SC in AO-MDD patients is still unknown. Here, we measured anomalous SC in the mPFC of AO-MDD patients and assessed the potential modulation of this feature by CA.

Olfactory Dysfunction as a Marker for Cognitive Impairment in General Paresis of the Insane: A Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND General paresis of the insane (GPI) is characterized by cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and brain structural abnormalities, mimicking many neuropsychiatric diseases. Olfactory dysfunction has been linked to cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms in numerous neuropsychiatric diseases. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether patients with GPI experience olfactory dysfunction and whether olfactory dysfunction is associated with their clinical manifestations.

Aberrant functional connectivity of the globus pallidus in the modulation of the relationship between childhood trauma and major depressive disorder.

Background: Childhood trauma plays a crucial role in the dysfunctional reward circuitry in major depressive disorder (MDD). We sought to explore the effect of abnormalities in the globus pallidus (GP)-centric reward circuitry on the relationship between childhood trauma and MDD.

Methods: We conducted seed-based dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analysis among people with or without MDD and with or without childhood trauma.

Early efficacy of rTMS intervention at week 2 predicts subsequent responses at week 24 in schizophrenia in a randomized controlled trial.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique for modulating cortical activities and improving neural plasticity. Several studies investigated the effects of rTMS, etc., but the results are inconsistent.

Abnormalities in Electroencephalographic Microstates in Patients with Late-Life Depression.

Background: Late-life depression (LLD) is characterized by disrupted brain networks. Resting-state networks in the brain are composed of both stable and transient topological structures known as microstates, which reflect the dynamics of the neural activities. However, the specific pattern of EEG microstate in LLD remains unclear.

High circulating MIF levels indicate the association with atypical antipsychotic-induced adverse metabolic effects.

Atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) are primary medications for schizophrenia (SZ). However, their use is frequently associated with the development of adverse metabolic effects, and the mechanisms behind these negative effects remain inadequately elucidated. To investigate the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in regulating antipsychotic-induced metabolic abnormalities, between 2017 and 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 142 healthy individuals and 388 SZ patients undergoing treatment with either typical antipsychotic (TAP) or AAP medications.

Dynamic effective connectivity in the cerebellar dorsal dentate nucleus and the cerebrum, cognitive impairment, and clinical correlates in patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by disconnected cerebral networks. Recent studies have shown that functional connectivity between the cerebellar dorsal dentate nucleus (dDN) and cerebrum is correlated with psychotic symptoms, and processing speed in SZ patients. Dynamic effective connectivity (dEC) is a reliable indicator of brain functional status.