The clinical characteristics and SARS-CoV-2 infection in children of acute hepatitis with unknown aetiology: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

The World Health Organization has issued a global alert on Acute Severe Hepatitis of Unknown Aetiology (AS-HEP-UA) since 23 April 2022,and there was still uncertainty regarding the association of AS-HEP-UA with SARS-CoV-2 as well as adenovirus. This study aimed to summarize the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and co-infections with adenovirus, as well as clinical features and outcomes in patients with AS-HEP-UA. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from 1 October 2021 to 8 December 2022 for studies about patients with AS-HEP-UA.

The neurological damage caused by enterovirus 71 infection is associated with hsa_circ_0069335/miR-29b/PMP22 pathway.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection is usually accompanied by neurological damage, which is the leading cause of death in children with hand-foot-mouth disease. In this study, we demonstrated that EV71 infection can cause pathological damage in the nervous system, such as neuronal vacuolar degeneration, shrinkage of some neurons, edema of brain tissues in the hippocampus, and a decreased number of Nissl bodies in the infarction area. Also, EV71 infection caused apparent structural damage to Schwann cells, including a decreased number of cytoplasmic organelles and severe damage of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.

Machine learning based on multiplatform tests assists in subtype classification of mature B-cell neoplasms.

Mature B-cell neoplasms (MBNs) are clonal proliferative diseases encompassing over 40 subtypes. The WHO classification (morphology, immunology, cytogenetics and molecular biology) provides comprehensive diagnostic understandings. However, MBN subtyping relies heavily on the expertise of clinicians and pathologists, and differences in clinical experience can lead to variations in subtyping efficiency and consistency.

Palmitoylation acts as a checkpoint for MAVS aggregation to promote antiviral innate immune responses.

Upon RNA virus infection, the signaling adaptor MAVS forms functional prion-like aggregates on the mitochondrial outer membrane, which serve as a central hub that links virus recognition to downstream antiviral innate immune responses. Multiple mechanisms regulating MAVS activation have been revealed; however, the checkpoint governing MAVS aggregation remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that the palmitoylation of MAVS at cysteine 79 (C79), which is catalyzed mainly by the palmitoyl S-acyltransferase ZDHHC12, was essential for MAVS aggregation and antiviral innate immunity upon viral infection in macrophages.

Corrigendum: Advances in understanding the regulation of pluripotency fate transition in embryonic stem cells.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.

Redefining Neonatal Vitamin A Adequacy and Deficiency Based on Maternal Nutrition: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chongqing, China.

There are no established diagnostic criteria for neonatal vitamin A deficiency (VAD), and applying adult VAD criteria to neonates may overestimate the neonatal VAD rate. This study aimed to evaluate neonatal vitamin A (VA) status and redefine thresholds for neonatal VA adequacy and deficiency based on maternal VA nutrition. A cross-sectional study involving 1901 mother-neonate pairs was conducted in Chongqing, China.

Defining the features and structure of neutralizing antibody targeting the silent face of the SARS-CoV-2 spike N-terminal domain.

Research on virus/receptor interactions has uncovered various mechanisms of antibody-mediated neutralization against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, understanding of neutralization by antibodies targeting the silent face, which recognize epitopes on glycan shields, remains limited, and their potential protective efficacy in vivo is not well understood. This study describes a silent face neutralizing antibody, 3711, which targets a non-supersite on the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike protein.

A catalog of gene editing sites and genetic variations in editing sites in model organisms.

Background: CRISPR-Cas systems require a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), which plays an essential role in self/non-self discrimination in their natural context, to cleave DNA for genome editing. Unfortunately, common genetic variation is distributed throughout genomes, which can block recognition of target sites by Cas proteins. However, little information is available about the distribution of editing sites in model organisms and how often common variation overlaps with those PAM sites.

The characteristics of formula milk marketing on health system: a qualitative study from Beijing and Jinan in China.

Background: Breastmilk is widely regarded as the healthiest choice for both infants and mothers due to its numerous advantages over formula, such as higher concentrations of essential nutrients and antibodies, easier digestion, and superior taste. The World Health Organization International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes was adopted over 40 years ago to mitigate the effects of infant formula marketing on a woman's decision to breastfeed. Yet, the commercial formula milk industry has continued to market their products aggressively and through an increasing variety of social media channels.

PhyloForge: Unifying Micro- and Macroevolution With Comprehensive Genomic Signals.

The dimensions of phylogenetic research have expanded to encompass the study of large-scale populations at the microevolutionary level and comparisons between different species or taxonomic units at the macroevolutionary level. Traditional phylogenetic tools often struggle to handle the diverse and complex data required for these different evolutionary scales. In response to this challenge, we introduce PhyloForge, a robust tool designed to seamlessly integrate the demands of both micro- and macroevolution, comprehensively utilising diverse phylogenomic signals, such as genes, SNPs, and structural variations, as well as mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes.

Behavioral Changes During COVID-19 Omicron Variant Infection on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in China.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the behavioral changes in the core features and challenging behaviors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) during the COVID-19 Omicron wave (from December 2022 to January 2023) in China.

Patients And Methods: A total of 515 caregivers of children with ASD completed an online survey. This survey was designed to assess the sociodemographic characteristics of the children and their caregivers, the clinical features of COVID-19, the manifestation of core ASD features and challenging behaviors, and the alterations in daily life following the COVID-19 Omicron variant wave.

Aptamer sgc8-Modified PAMAM Nanoparticles for Targeted siRNA Delivery to Inhibit BCL11B in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Introduction: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a malignant hematological disease with limited targeted therapy options. Overexpression of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B is frequently observed in T-ALL and contributes to leukemogenesis. Knockdown of BCL11B inhibits T-ALL cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, making it a potential therapeutic target.

Melatonin treatment increases skin microbiota-derived propionic acid to alleviate atopic dermatitis.

Background: Melatonin has been reported to relieve the inflammatory symptoms and improve sleep disturbance in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Recent studies showed that melatonin produced beneficial effects by remodeling intestinal microbiota composition; however, whether the beneficial effects of melatonin in AD were mediated by the modulation of skin microbiota remains unclear.

Objective: We sought to investigate the mechanism by which melatonin treatment-induced changes in the skin microbiota composition further alleviated AD.

Nucleus-targeted Silencer nanoplatform regulating ZEB1-AS1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma therapy.

Long noncoding RNAs have emerged as key players in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). Among them, ZEB1-AS1 was identified as an upregulated candidate in HNSC through comprehensive analysis of RNA-sequencing datasets. Here, elevated ZEB1-AS1 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in HNSC patients.