Multifunctional composite films with regenerated cellulose prepared via acid-catalytic degradation for in-situ growth of ZnO.

Regenerated cellulose is extensively utilized as a natural polymer due to its actually natural piezoelectric properties as well as renewable properties, but suffers from processing difficulties and low piezoelectric constants (d). Consequently, this work focuses on controlling the molecular weight of regenerated cellulose through pretreatment methods that promote the growth of in situ ZnO to enhance its d. Firstly, the acid-catalyzed pulp fibers (PF) and zinc nitrate hexahydrate were added in NaOH/urea solvent to effectively prepare RC/ZnO composite film via regeneration and in-situ growth.

Multi-group structure analysis and molecular docking of aptamers and small molecules: A case study of chloramphenicol.

Aptamers, a kind of short nucleotide sequences with high specificity and affinity with targets, have attracted extensive attention in recent years. Molecular docking method (MDM) is the most common method to explore the binding mode and recognition mechanism of aptamers and small molecules, which generally use the target to dock with the highest scoring tertiary structural model of the aptamer, and the highest scoring result is used as the predicted model. However, this prediction results may miss out the true interaction pattern due to the fact that aptamers are not completely rigid and the natural aptamers conformations are not in a single state.

Baicalein-loaded porous silk fibroin microspheres modulate the senescence of nucleus pulposus cells through the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), an age-associated degenerative condition, significantly contributes to low back pain, thereby adversely affecting individual health and quality of life, while also imposing a substantial societal burden. Baicalein, a natural flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, demonstrates a range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antibacterial properties. This positions it as a promising candidate for the treatment of IVDD through intradiscal drug delivery.

Precise Measurement of the e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} Cross Section at Center-of-Mass Energies from Threshold to 4.95 GeV.

Using the e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, at center-of-mass energies from the threshold to 4.95 GeV, we present precise measurements of the cross section for the process e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} using a single-tag method. The resulting cross section line shape exhibits several new structures, thereby offering an input for a future coupled-channel analysis and model tests, which are critical to understand vector charmonium-like states with masses between 4 and 5 GeV.

Deep eutectic solvent-mediated extraction of lignin: A novel strategy for producing high-quality biopolymers in controlled-release mulching applications.

Microplastic contamination of low-density polyethylene mulch and nutrient loss from fertilizers present significant challenges in the crop-growing. In this study, the focus was on creating a biodegradable film that combines the advantages of plastic film, thermal insulation and water retention, as well as the controlled release of fertilizer. A key innovation was the efficient introduction of low molecular weight and low dispersibility of poplar lignin into chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol matrices.

A comprehensive review of the impact of anthocyanins from purple/black Rice on starch and protein digestibility, gut microbiota modulation, and their applications in food products.

This review explores the impact of anthocyanins derived from purple and black rice on starch and protein digestibility, gut microbiota modulation, and their applications in food production. Anthocyanins are shown to reduce starch digestibility by forming complexes with starch, thereby inhibiting key digestive enzymes. Additionally, they can influence protein digestion by inducing structural changes that enhance resistance to digestive processes.

High-Conductivity, Self-Healing, and Adhesive Ionic Hydrogels for Health Monitoring and Human-Machine Interactions Under Extreme Cold Conditions.

Ionic conductive hydrogels (ICHs) are emerging as key materials for advanced human-machine interactions and health monitoring systems due to their unique combination of flexibility, biocompatibility, and electrical conductivity. However, a major challenge remains in developing ICHs that simultaneously exhibit high ionic conductivity, self-healing, and strong adhesion, particularly under extreme low-temperature conditions. In this study, a novel ICH composed of sulfobetaine methacrylate, methacrylic acid, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers, sodium alginate, and lithium chloride is presented.

Infectious bursal disease virus affecting interferon regulatory factor 7 signaling through VP3 protein to facilitate viral replication.

Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7)-mediated type I interferon antiviral response is crucial for regulating the host following viral infection in chickens. Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a double-stranded RNA virus that induces immune suppression and high mortality rates in chickens aged 3-6 weeks. Previous studies have shown that IBDV infection antagonizes the type I interferon production to facilitate viral replication in the cell, and IRF7 signaling might play an important role.

How does digital literacy affect the health status of senior citizens? Micro-level evidence from the CFPS data.

Background: The popularization of the Internet and digital technology has called for higher digital literacy among citizens, especially the elderly. However, most existing studies didn't measure digital literacy at the micro level, and the impact mechanism has rarely been discussed. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether and how digital literacy affects the health status of senior citizens.

Climatically Specialized Lineages of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, and its Likely Asian Origins.

Chytridiomycosis is a wildlife disease that has caused significant declines in amphibian populations and species extinctions worldwide. Asia, where the causal pathogens Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and B. salamndrivorans (Bsal) originated, has not witnessed mass die-offs.

ASIC1a mediated nucleus pulposus cells pyroptosis and glycolytic crosstalk as a molecular basis for intervertebral disc degeneration.

Background: One of the etiologic components of degenerative spinal illnesses is intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), and the accompanying lower back pain is progressively turning into a significant public health problem. Important pathologic characteristics of IVDD include inflammation and acidic microenvironment, albeit it is unclear how these factors contribute to the disease.

Purpose: To clarify the functions of inflammation and the acidic environment in IVDD, identify the critical connections facilitating glycolytic crosstalk and nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) pyroptosis, and offer novel approaches to IVDD prevention and therapy.

In situ synthesis of HKUST-1 on copper-ammonia fiber for preparation of quaternary-ammonium chitosan based active packaging with sustained-release cinnamaldehyde.

Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) is gaining interest as a highly effective natural antimicrobial agent to extend the shelf life of fruits. However, its inherent instability limits further applications. In this work, a new strategy for the synthesis of HKUST-1 to encapsulate CINs by in situ growth method using copper-ammonia fiber as precursors is proposed.

Recombinant nanobody expressed by transgenic chimeric chickens eliminated vertical transmission of avian leukosis virus subgroup J.

Because of the vertical transmission of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), control of ALV-J in breed of chicken is still a serious issue. Blocking vertical transmission using antibodies is a potential strategy, but its high cost limits its application. We artificially designed recombinant nanobody (Nb) and efficiently expressed and secreted them in three primary chicken cells cultured in vitro by adenovirus delivery.

Merging halogen atom transfer, ring-expansion and oxidation by electron-rich arenediazonium salts: modular assembly of cyclohexenone derivatives.

As fundamental structural scaffolds in numerous natural products and pharmaceutical molecules, the construction of cyclohexenone architectures has remained a pivotal focus in organic chemistry. However, established strategies to synthesize cyclohexenone derivatives Dowd-Beckwith ring-expansion reaction invariably involve the use of transition metals and photoirradiation. Herein, we present a novel transition-metal- and photoirradiation-free pathway to access such structures from α-iodomethyl β-keto esters with electron-rich arenediazonium salts as inexpensive radical initiators and oxidants under mild reaction conditions.

Seeding Janus Zn-Fe Diatomic Pairs on a Hollow Nanobox for Potent Catalytic Therapy.

Dual atomic nanozymes (DAzymes) are promising for applications in the field of tumor catalytic therapy. Here, integrating with ultrasmall FeC nanoclusters, asymmetric coordination featuring Janus Zn-Fe dual-atom sites with an ON-Fe-Zn-N moiety embedded in a carbon vacancy-engineered hollow nanobox (Janus ZnFe DAs-FeC) was elaborately developed. Theoretical calculation revealed that the synergistic effects of Zn centers acting as both adsorption and active sites, oxygen-heteroatom doping, carbon vacancy, and FeC nanoclusters jointly downshifted the d-band center of Fe 3d orbitals, optimizing the desorption behaviors of intermediates *OH, thereby significantly promoting catalytic activity.

Hydrodynamic cavitation induced fabrication of soy protein isolate-polyphenol complexes: Structural and functional properties.

The combination of polyphenols and protein can improve the functional characteristics of protein. How to effectively promote the binding of polyphenols to protein is still a difficult topic. In this study, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) was used to induce the fabrication of complexes between soy protein isolate (SPI) and different polyphenols (tannic acid (TA), chlorogenic acid (CGA), ferulic acid (FA), caffeic acid (CA), and gallic acid (GA)).

iRGD-Targeted Biosynthetic Nanobubbles for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Osteosarcoma.

Purpose: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the bone. However, there is a lack of effective means for early diagnosis due to the heterogeneity of tumors and the complexity of tumor microenvironment. αvβ3 integrin, a crucial role in the growth and spread of tumors, is not only an effective biomarker for cancer angiogenesis, but also highly expressed in many tumor cells.

SSR marker-based genetic diversity and structure analyses of var. from different populations.

Background: var. is a variety in the section of the genus of the family Theaceae which is native to Fangchenggang, Guangxi, China. To date, the genetic diversity and structure of this variety remains to be understood.

The emotions of Chinese netizens toward the opening-up policies for COVID-19: panic, trust, and acceptance.

With the development of social media platforms such as Weibo, they have provided a broad platform for the expression of public sentiments during the pandemic. This study aims to explore the emotional attitudes of Chinese netizens toward the COVID-19 opening-up policies and their related thematic characteristics. Using Python, 145,851 texts were collected from the Weibo platform.

Dimensional Regulation of Organic n-Type Dopants for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules.

A strong n-type perovskite layer is crucial in achieving high open-circuit voltage (V) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the p-i-n solar cells, as the weak n-type perovskites result in a loss of V, and the p-type perovskites contain numerous electron traps that cause the severe carrier recombination. Here, three types of perylene diimide (PDI) based small molecule dopants with different dimensions, including 1D-PDI, 2D-PDI, and 3D-PDI are designed, to produce heavier n-type perovskites. The PDI-based molecules with Selenium atoms have a strong electron-donating ability, effectively enlarging the quasi-Fermi level splitting within the perovskites.

Size-Controllable High-Entropy Alloys Toward Stable Hydrogen Production at Industrial-Scale Current Densities.

Efficient and stable electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at high current densities is highly desirable for industrial-scale hydrogen production, which is yet challenging, because of the electrocatalyst with short lifespans during the acidic HER process. Here, a controllable preparation technique is successfully developed to synthesize PdPtRuRhAu high-entropy alloys (HEAs) of various sizes, within the 3.14 nm particles (HEA-3.

Chemical Constituents of the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Trichoderma simmonsii ZEN3.

Two new nor-rubrofusarin derivatives (trichsimins A and B, 1 and 2) and one new chromone derivative (trichsimin C, 5) were isolated from the deep-sea-derived Trichoderma simmonsii ZEN3 along with 20 known compounds (3, 4, and 6-23). The structures of the new compounds were established by detailed analyses of the NMR, HRESIMS, and ORD data. Nafuredin (14) exhibited potent inhibition against RSL3 induced ferroptosis with the EC50 value of 5.

NIR photo-responsive injectable chitosan/hyaluronic acid hydrogels with controlled NO release for the treatment of MRSA infections.

Due to resistance to common antibiotics, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections pose a significant threat to human health. In this study, we developed an injectable, adhesive, and biocompatible hydrogel with multiple functions. Specifically, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) crosslinked with hyaluronic acid (HA) forms the primary framework of the hydrogel.

Floating BiOBr/TiC aerogel spheres for efficient degradation of quinolone antibiotics: Rapid oxygen transfer via triphase interface and effective charges separation by internal electric field.

The limited transport of oxygen at the solid-liquid interface and the poor charge separation efficiency of single catalyst significantly impedes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby weakening the application potential of photocatalytic technology in water pollution control. Herein, a hollow porous photocatalytic aerogel sphere (calcium alginate/cellulose nanofibers (CA/CNF)) loaded BiOBr/TiC, combining a favourable mass transfer structure with effective catalytic centers was firstly presented. The floatability and hollow pore structure facilitated rapid O transfer via a triphase interface, thereby promoting the generation of ROS.

AhASRK1, a peanut dual-specificity kinase that activates the Ca-ROS-MAPK signalling cascade to mediate programmed cell death induced by aluminium toxicity via ABA.

Aluminium (Al)-induced programmed cell death (PCD) is thought to be a main cause of Al phytotoxicity. However, the underlying mechanism by which Al induces PCD in plants is unclear. In this study, we characterized the function of AhASRK1 (Aluminum Sensitive Receptor-like protein Kinase1), an Al-induced LRR-type receptor-like kinase gene.