Voluntary running in mice beneficially modulates myocardial ischemic tolerance, signaling kinases, and gene expression patterns.

Exercise triggers hormesis, conditioning hearts against damaging consequences of subsequent ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). We test whether "low-stress" voluntary activity modifies I/R tolerance and molecular determinants of cardiac survival. Male C57BL/6 mice were provided 7-day access to locked (7SED) or rotating (7EX) running-wheels before analysis of cardiac prosurvival (Akt, ERK 1/2) and prodeath (GSK3β) kinases, transcriptomic adaptations, and functional tolerance of isolated hearts to 25-min ischemia/45-min reperfusion.

Essential role of EGFR in cardioprotection and signaling responses to A1 adenosine receptors and ischemic preconditioning.

Transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may contribute to specific protective responses (e.g. mediated by δ-opioid, bradykinin, or muscarinic receptors).

Towards an implicit treatment of periodically-repeated medical data.

Temporal information plays a crucial role in medicine, so that in Medical Informatics there is an increasing awareness that suitable database approaches are needed to store and support it. Specifically, a great amount of clinical data (e.g.

Adaptive hybrid intelligent control for uncertain nonlinear dynamical systems.

A new hybrid direct/indirect adaptive fuzzy neural network (FNN) controller with a state observer and supervisory controller for a class of uncertain nonlinear dynamic systems is developed in this paper. The hybrid adaptive FNN controller, the free parameters of which can be tuned on-line by an observer-based output feedback control law and adaptive law, is a combination of direct and indirect adaptive FNN controllers. A weighting factor, which can be adjusted by the tradeoff between plant knowledge and control knowledge, is adopted to sum together the control efforts from indirect adaptive FNN controller and direct adaptive FNN controller.

Dynamic optimal learning rates of a certain class of fuzzy neural networks and its applications with genetic algorithm.

The stability analysis of the learning rate for a two-layer neural network (NN) is discussed first by minimizing the total squared error between the actual and desired outputs for a set of training vectors. The stable and optimal learning rate, in the sense of maximum error reduction, for each iteration in the training (back propagation) process can therefore be found for this two-layer NN. It has also been proven in this paper that the dynamic stable learning rate for this two-layer NN must be greater than zero.

Cardioprotective effects of acute and chronic opioid treatment are mediated via different signaling pathways.

A 5-day exposure to morphine exerts a profound cardioprotective phenotype in murine hearts. In the present study, we examined mechanisms by which morphine generates this effect, exploring the roles of G(i) and G(s) proteins, PKA, PKC, and beta-adrenergic receptors (beta-AR) in acute and chronic opioid preconditioning. Langendorff-perfused hearts from placebo, acute morphine (AM; 10 micromol/l)-, or chronic morphine (CM)-treated mice (75-mg pellet, 5 days) underwent 25-min ischemia and 45-min reperfusion.

Fast training of multilayer perceptrons.

Training a multilayer perceptron by an error backpropagation algorithm is slow and uncertain. This paper describes a new approach which is much faster and certain than error backpropagation. The proposed approach is based on combined iterative and direct solution methods.