Partial AUCs in Long-Acting Injectables: Rationale, Challenges, Variability, Usefulness, and Clinical Relevance.

Regulatory authorities typically require bioequivalence to be demonstrated by comparing pharmacokinetic parameters like area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (C). Because in certain cases, AUC and C alone may not be adequate to identify formulation differences in early and/or late segments of the dosing interval, partial AUCs (pAUCs) have been proposed as additional metrics to evaluate bioequivalence. Even though cut-off points for pAUCs are usually decided based on clinical relevance, the identification of the correct cut-off range remains elusive in many other cases and tends to contribute to increased pAUC estimate variabilities.

A Comparative Phytochemical Investigation of the Greek Members of the Genus Mill., with Emphasis on the Local Endemic Boiss and Orph.

The members of the genus Mill. are notable for producing a diverse range of structurally intricate secondary metabolites, being the focus of current phytochemical research. Their importance is recognized as several species hold significant ethnopharmacological value, being traditionally used to address ailments in human systems, such as respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary conditions, among others.

Virulence of Five Root-Knot Nematodes ( spp.) on Nine Industrial Hemp ( L.) Varieties and Nematicidal Potential of Hemp Seed Extracts Against .

The most common and damaging plant parasitic nematodes are root-knot nematodes (RNK). Although hemp has been clearly infected by RNK, little information is available regarding the extent of the damage and losses caused. In addition, no information is available concerning hemp seed extracts' activity against RNK.

The Potency of Essential Oils in Combating Stored-Product Pests: From Nature to Nemesis.

, , , , , , , , and represent significant arthropod stored-product pests worldwide. To combat these noxious arthropods, the current study examines the pesticidal effect of essential oils (EOs) derived from four aromatic plants, i.e.

Plant Factory in a Restaurant: Light Quality Effects on the Development, Physiology, and Quality of Three Baby-Leaf Vegetables.

Plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) are a notable choice for urban agriculture due to the system's benefits, where light can be manipulated to enhance the product's yield and quality. Our objective was to test the effect of light spectra with different red-blue combinations and white light on the growth, physiology, and overall quality of three baby-leaf vegetables (green lettuce, kale, and pak choi) grown in a restaurant's PFAL. Leaf mass per area was lower under the most blue-containing treatments in all species.

Gluten-Free Diet and Health-Related Quality of Life: The Validated Hellenic Version of the Celiac Dietary Adherence Test.

Background/objectives: A reliable assessment of gluten-free diet (GFD) adherence is essential for managing celiac disease (CD). This study aimed to validate the Hellenic version of the Celiac Disease Adherence Test (H-CDAT) to evaluate adherence levels and explore the impact of dietary adherence on health-related quality of life (HRQoL)-both of which have never been objectively assessed in Greek CD patients.

Methods: The study included 102 adult CD patients who completed H-CDAT, diet-related questions, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).

Translation and Adaptation of the SCOFF Questionnaire to the Greek Language (G-SCOFF) Using a Tertiary-Setting Adolescent Sample.

Background/objectives: Feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) constitute an important mental health problem today, especially among youngsters. The Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food (SCOFF) questionnaire was developed 25 years ago and remains the most frequently applied screening tool for FEDs among adults and youngsters. The aim of the present study was to translate and adapt the SCOFF questionnaire to the Greek language, using a tertiary-setting adolescent sample.

Sarcopenia and Cardiogeriatrics: The Links Between Skeletal Muscle Decline and Cardiovascular Aging.

Sarcopenia, an age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, is increasingly recognized as a significant condition in the aging population, particularly among those with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the interplay between sarcopenia and cardiogeriatrics, emphasizing shared mechanisms such as chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), hormonal dysregulation, oxidative stress, and physical inactivity. Despite advancements in diagnostic frameworks, such as the EWGSOP2 and AWGS definitions, variability in criteria and assessment methods continues to challenge standardization.

Impact of Maternal Macronutrient Intake on Large for Gestational Age Neonates' Risk Among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Results from the Greek BORN2020 Cohort.

Background/objectives: The effect of maternal macronutrient composition on the risk of large for gestational age (LGA) neonates among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate these associations in a pregnant cohort in Northern Greece, considering both pre-pregnancy and early pregnancy dietary intake, and stratifying women by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI).

Methods: From a total of 797 eligible pregnant women, the 117 (14.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Interrelationships Among Mental Health, Nutritional Status and Lifestyle Factors of Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Pre- and Post-Covid Periods.

Background/objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to detrimental effects on diverse aspects of the mental and physical health of the general population worldwide. The elderly are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection compared to younger age groups. In this aspect, the purpose of the current survey is to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the interrelationships among the sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, depressive behavior, quality of life, cognition status, physical activity and nutritional status of older adults.

Changes in Lifestyle Behaviors, Shopping Habits and Body Weight Among Adults in Cyprus and Greece During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Study.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people were asked to stay at home. Places where people interacted such as schools, universities, and cafes were closed, and all gatherings were forbidden. Only stores offering fast-moving consumer goods were open, so citizens could purchase all food categories.

Nanoparticle-Doped Antibacterial and Antifungal Coatings.

Antimicrobial polymeric coatings rely not only on their surface functionalities but also on nanoparticles (NPs). Antimicrobial coatings gain their properties from the addition of NPs into a polymeric matrix. NPs that have been used include metal-based NPs, metal oxide NPs, carbon-based nanomaterials, and organic NPs.

Synthesis of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs' Chalcone Derivatives and a Study of Their Conformational Properties Through a Combination of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Molecular Modeling.

Background: In this study, two chalcone analogs were synthesized through in silico and experimental methods, and their potential to inhibit the lipoxygenase enzyme, which plays a role in the inflammation pathway, was assessed. Specifically, this study is a continuation of previous research in which chalcone derivatives were synthesized and characterized.

Objectives/methods: In the current work, we present the re-synthesis of two chalcones, with a focus on their docking studies, NMR analysis, and dynamic simulations.

Τhiazolidine-4-One Derivatives with Variable Modes of Inhibitory Action Against DPP4, a Drug Target with Multiple Activities and Established Role in Diabetes Mellitus Type II.

DPP4 is an enzyme with multiple natural substrates and probable involvement in various mechanisms. It constitutes a drug target for the treatment of diabetes II, although, also related to other disorders. While a number of drugs with competitive inhibitory action and covalent binding capacity are available, undesired side effects exist partly attributed to drug kinetics, and research for finding novel, potent, and safer compounds continues.

Anti-Inflammatory, Antithrombotic, and Antioxidant Properties of Amphiphilic Lipid Bioactives from Shrimp.

Marine organisms, including shrimps, have gained research interest due to containing an abundance of bioactive lipid molecules.This study evaluated the composition and the in vitro biological activities of amphiphilic bioactive compounds from four different wild shrimp species: , , , and . Total lipid (TL) extracts were obtained from shrimp and separated into total amphiphilic (TAC) and total lipophilic (TLC) compounds.

Towards Detecting Associations of Canine Astrovirus and Caliciviruses with Health and Living Characteristics of Dogs in Greece.

Astroviruses and caliciviruses are important causative agents of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. They have been detected in a variety of animal species, including dogs, but their role in the induction of disease in animals remains uncertain. In a molecular study that was conducted in Greece, including healthy and gastroenteritis-affected dogs of different ages, astrovirus (AstV) and sapovirus (SaV) were detected in 15% and 26% of the examined animals, respectively.

Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in Wild Animals and Birds from Two Rehabilitation Facilities in Greece.

Ticks are temporary ectoparasites that serve as vectors for a wide range of pathogens affecting both wildlife and humans. In Greece, research on the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife is limited. This study investigates the presence of pathogens, including spp.

Treatment Options for Nosocomial Ventriculitis/Meningitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Ventriculo-meningitis or nosocomial meningitis/ventriculitis is a severe nosocomial infection that is associated with devastating neurological sequelae. The cerebrospinal fluid isolates associated with the infection can be Gram-positive or -negative, while the spp. is rarely identified.

A Comprehensive Survey of Deep Learning Approaches in Image Processing.

The integration of deep learning (DL) into image processing has driven transformative advancements, enabling capabilities far beyond the reach of traditional methodologies. This survey offers an in-depth exploration of the DL approaches that have redefined image processing, tracing their evolution from early innovations to the latest state-of-the-art developments. It also analyzes the progression of architectural designs and learning paradigms that have significantly enhanced the ability to process and interpret complex visual data.

A Fuzzy Control Strategy for Multi-Goal Autonomous Robot Navigation.

This paper addresses the complex problem of multi-goal robot navigation, framed as an NP-hard traveling salesman problem (TSP), in environments with both static and dynamic obstacles. The proposed approach integrates a novel path planning algorithm based on the Bump-Surface concept to optimize the shortest collision-free path among static obstacles, while a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is employed to determine the optimal sequence of goal points. To manage static or dynamic obstacles, two fuzzy controllers are developed: one for real-time path tracking and another for dynamic obstacle avoidance.

Assessment of Long-Term Engagement in Aerobic Versus Resistance Exercise on 20-Year Cardiovascular Disease Incidence (2002-2024): The ATTICA Epidemiological Cohort Study.

: The aim of this study was to assess whether aerobic exercise, as opposed to resistance training or a combination of both, is associated with long-term cardiovascular outcomes. : The ATTICA study is a population-based cohort study with a 20-year follow-up (2002-2022); it was conducted in the Attica region, Greece, and included 3042 adult participants (45 ± 11 years, 1518 females). Physical activity engagement in aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise, and 20-year tracking, together with information regarding atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) incidence were available for 1988 participants (45 ± 12 years old, 987 males, 1001 females).

Efficacy and Safety of Pericapsular Nerve Group Block (PENG) in Hip Surgery Under General Anaesthesia: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

: The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block is a novel ultrasound-guided regional technique that may provide analgesia to patients undergoing hip surgery. It has been extensively studied in recent years, but the evidence of superiority over other regional anaesthetic techniques is inconclusive. This review aimed to compare outcomes of the PENG block in patients undergoing hip surgery with standard techniques under general anaesthesia.

Hormonal and Glycemic Responses During and After Constant- and Alternating-Intensity Exercise.

Glucose metabolism and hormonal responses are largely affected by exercise intensity, which exhibits an alternating pattern in many sports activities. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare glycemic and hormonal responses during and after exercise of constant (CON) and alternating (ALT) intensity with the same duration and total work. Ten healthy male volunteers performed two, 60 min cycling exercise bouts in random order: the ALT bout, where exercise intensity alternated between 46.

Fusion MRI/Ultrasound-Guided Transperineal Biopsy: A Game Changer in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis.

: Multiparametric-Magnetic Resonance Imaging(mp-MRI) presents the ability to detect clinically significant cancer, aiming to avoid biopsy if the results are negative or target an abnormal lesion if a suspected lesion of the prostate is found. Recent guidelines recommend the performance of 12 standard biopsies along with 3 to 5 targeted biopsies in suspected prostate lesions, depending on the size of the prostate lesion. In addition, prostate biopsy can be performed by either the transperineal or the transrectal approach.

Smoking Status in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Analysis in Northern Greece.

Smoking has adverse effects on both maternal and fetal health and its incidence varies among different countries. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy and to identify factors associated with smoking. This was a retrospective study conducted at the Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, during an 11-year period (2013-2023).