Clinical remission in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma treated with mepolizumab: A analysis of RELIght study.

Remission of asthma can occur as part of the natural history of the disease; however, the use of biologics can result in disease remission in some patients. In this post hoc analysis of the RELIght study, we aimed to evaluate clinical remission in real life among patients treated with mepolizumab, to detect possible differences between "remitters" and "nonremitters," and to evaluate possible predictors of remission. Clinical remission was defined as the absence of asthma exacerbations, discontinuation of oral corticosteroids (OCS), achievement of asthma control (Asthma Control Test [ACT] ≥ 20), and stable or improved lung function.

Identification of a T2-hyperintense Perivascular Space in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.

Background/aim: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular malformations characterized by dysmorphic, aberrant vasculature. During previous surgeries of compact nidus brain AVMs (representing the majority of cases), we have observed a "shiny" plane between nidal and perinidal AVM vessels and the surrounding grey and white matter and hypothesized that preoperative neuroimaging of brain AVMs may show a neuroradiological correlate of these intraoperative observations.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed multiplanar and multisequence 3-Tesla magnetic resonance (3T MR) imaging in five consecutive brain AVMs with special attention on imaging characteristics of the brain-AVM interface, i.

Up-regulation of Cuproptosis-related lncRNAS in Patients Receiving Immunotherapy for Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Indicates Progressive Disease.

Background/aim: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) represents the most common type of renal cancer. When resectable, nephrectomy is the only radical treatment for ccRCC, however metastasis is already present at 30% of the patient population. Although great progress has been made in the field of targeted therapy with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) the cure of metastatic ccRCC (mccRCC) remains far from achieved.

Prevention of Stroke in Intracerebral Haemorrhage Survivors with Atrial Fibrillation: Rationale and Design for PRESTIGE-AF Trial.

Adequate secondary prevention in survivors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) who also have atrial fibrillation (AF) is a long-standing clinical dilemma because these patients are at increased risk of recurrent ICH as well as of ischemic stroke. The efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulation, the standard preventive medication for ischemic stroke patients with AF, in ICH patients with AF are uncertain. PRESTIGE-AF is an international, phase 3b, multi-center, randomized, open, blinded end-point assessment (PROBE) clinical trial that compared the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with no DOAC (either no antithrombotic treatment or any antiplatelet drug).

Progesterone signaling in uterine fibroids: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.

Progesterone (P4) is a vital female sex hormone involved in various physiological processes, including the maintenance of the endometrium, mammary gland development, and bone health. Beyond its reproductive roles, P4 is implicated in the pathogenesis of hormone-dependent conditions like uterine fibroids, the most common benign tumors in women, which can severely affect quality of life and fertility. Traditionally, estrogen was considered the primary driver of fibroid growth, but recent research highlights the significant role of P4 in fibroid growth.

Degradation of micropollutants in water matrices using light activated - Persulfate: A review.

The escalating challenge of eliminating persistent micropollutants from aquatic environments acted as a driving force for the development of innovative Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). Among various AOPs, Light-Activated Persulfate (LAP) stands out for its efficacy due to its homogeneous nature and the potential for coupling with renewable sources, leading to enhanced sustainability. From this perspective, this review summarizes the research on LAP for the degradation of micropollutants over the previous six years.

HIV prevention and missed opportunities among people with recently acquired HIV infection: Α protocol for a systematic review.

Background: Individuals who have recently acquired HIV represent a unique population because the time frame since HIV acquisition is relatively short and identification of missed HIV prevention opportunities is, therefore, closer to real time and less subject to recall bias. Identifying prevention measures used and missed opportunities for using them, can help stop further HIV transmission.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to synthesise current global evidence on uptake of HIV prevention methods among people with recently acquired HIV from 2007, the year that the concept of ART as a prevention method was first introduced.

Prostate cancer MRI methodological radiomics score: a EuSoMII radiomics auditing group initiative.

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of radiomics research in prostate MRI for the evaluation of prostate cancer (PCa) through the assessment of METhodological RadiomICs (METRICS) score, a new scoring tool recently introduced with the goal of fostering further improvement in radiomics and machine learning methodology.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was conducted from July 1st, 2019, to November 30th, 2023, to identify original investigations assessing MRI-based radiomics in the setting of PCa. Seven readers with varying expertise underwent a quality assessment using METRICS.

Bone and muscle mass characteristics in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are rare tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells most commonly in the gastrointestinal-tract. In recent years, advancements in therapeutics have increased survival rates in patients with NEN leading to a greater clinical burden compared to the general population.

Methods: The aim of this single-center case-control study was to investigate the incidence of low bone mass and changes in body composition in adult patients diagnosed with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNET).

Statin therapy in primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention.

Purpose Of Review: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is one of the most common causes of death globally and the leading one in the US. Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is one of the main modifiable disease risk factors and statin therapies have been extensively studied in that regard. The present work presents the clinical trials derived evidence supporting the use of statins in primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention.

Elimination of High-grade Gliomas Through Induced Cytolysis, Elucidated by Two Patient Cases.

Background/aim: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of primary malignant tumors in the central nervous system of adults. In practice, all patients with GBM experience relapse, and treatment options become limited following first-line therapy. We previously reported a new, successful treatment approach for a GBM patient, implemented in direct conjunction with surgical intervention.

Temperature effect on the efficacy of 3 entomopathogenic nematode isolates against larvae of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

The lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), an important insect pest of stored-product commodities and poultry production systems, is regarded among the most difficult species to control. It has developed resistance to many chemical insecticides, and though various cultural and biological methods have been assessed and identified as possible factors for its control, none are currently implemented. Entomopathogenic nematodes are often successfully employed as alternative to chemicals biocontrol agents of various insect species, including pests of stored products; nevertheless, their evaluation as potential biocontrol factors of the lesser mealworm is not efficiently scrutinized.

Integrative Modeling in the Age of Machine Learning: A Summary of HADDOCK Strategies in CAPRI Rounds 47-55.

The HADDOCK team participated in CAPRI rounds 47-55 as server, manual predictor, and scorers. Throughout these CAPRI rounds, we used a plethora of computational strategies to predict the structure of protein complexes. Of the 10 targets comprising 24 interfaces, we achieved acceptable or better models for 3 targets in the human category and 1 in the server category.

Petrological controls on the engineering properties of carbonate aggregates through a machine learning approach.

Rock aggregates have been extensively exploited in the construction sector, and the associated engineering features play a critical role in their application. The main aim of this research is to assess the impact of petrographic characteristics on the engineering properties of carbonate rocks. A total of 45 carbonate rock samples from different geological formations within the Salt Range (Western Himalayan Ranges, Pakistan) were subjected to comprehensive petrographic analyses and standard aggregate quality control tests.

Computational biology assisted exploration of phytochemicals derived natural inhibitors to block BZLF1 gene activation of Epstein-Bar virus in host.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is widespread and has been related to a variety of malignancies as well as infectious mononucleosis. Despite the lack of a vaccination, antiviral medications offer some therapy alternatives. The EBV BZLF1 gene significantly impacts viral replication and infection severity.

Impact of Chlorella sorokiniana feed additive on poultry growth health and oxidative stress in erythrocytes.

Microalgae, have emerged as a potentially promising feed additive option due to their beneficial nutritional profile rich in bioactive compounds. The present study examines the incorporation of Chlorella sorokiniana (at 0.1% and 1%) into chicken feed compared to control feed and its effect on growth and health parameters of poultry grown at pilot plant scale.

The genetic and observational nexus between diabetes and arthritis: a national health survey and mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arthritis are prevalent conditions worldwide. The intricate relationship between these two conditions, especially in the context of various subtypes of arthritis, remains a topic of interest.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between diabetes and arthritis, with a focus on Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis.

Prophylactic HPV vaccination in HPV-related gynecologic cancers: European Society of Gynecological Oncology (ESGO) prevention committee opinion.

Many clinicians recommend that patients diagnosed with HPV-related gynecologic cancers receive prophylactic HPV vaccination at the time of cancer diagnosis or after cancer treatment. In view of the large use of such practice, we aimed to assess the literature evidence supporting the use of prophylactic HPV vaccines after diagnosis or treatment of HPV-related gynecologic cancers. Women who develop HPV-related cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers represent a subgroup of patients who may be particularly sensitive to HPV infection and re-acquire infections.

Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Evolution.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are considered advanced class materials due to their exotic structural and optical properties. The abundance of starting monomers with variable linkage motifs may give rise to multiple conformations in either 2D or 3D fashion. Tailoring of the abovementioned properties has facilitated the application of COFs in a wide range of applications, which are strongly correlated with energy conversion schemes.

microT-CNN: an avant-garde deep convolutional neural network unravels functional miRNA targets beyond canonical sites.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are central post-transcriptional gene expression regulators in healthy and diseased states. Despite decades of effort, deciphering miRNA targets remains challenging, leading to an incomplete miRNA interactome and partially elucidated miRNA functions. Here, we introduce microT-CNN, an avant-garde deep convolutional neural network model that moves the needle by integrating hundreds of tissue-matched (in-)direct experiments from 26 distinct cell types, corresponding to a unique training and evaluation set of >60 000 miRNA binding events and ~30 000 unique miRNA-gene target pairs.

Molecular classification of endometrial cancer: Impact on adjuvant treatment planning.

Objective: The traditional histopathological analysis of endometrial cancer (EC) is the main risk group classification tool (low, intermediate, high-intermediate, and high) for the implementation of adjuvant treatment. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging system of EC has incorporated a new molecular classification that serves as a new triage tool for optimal treatment planning for these patients. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of the new molecular classification in EC.

A lung cancer diagnosis and treatment dataset with geno- and phenotypical characteristics of the patient.

This dataset comprises information about 1242 lung cancer patients collected by the Medical Oncology Department of the Puerta de Hierro University Hospital of Majadahonda in Madrid, Spain. It includes information about cancer diagnosis and treatment, as well as personal and medical data recorded during anamneses. The dataset could assist in data analysis with the aim of discovering relationships between the applied treatment(s), the evolution of the disease and the associated adverse effects.