134 results match your criteria: "Granulosa-Theca Cell Tumors"
Folliculogenesis resumption after ovarian cortex transplantation: what is the earliest hormonal indicator?
Arch Gynecol Obstet
December 2024
Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Fertility Preservation, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France.
Introduction: Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is recommended by scientific societies for women undergoing highly gonadotoxic cancer treatments. Following transplantation, the restoration of ovarian function is typically characterised by the resumption of spontaneous menstruation. Yet, a few studies have looked at the longitudinal hormonal variations following transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtypical Psuedo-Demons-Meigs Syndrome Presenting As Acute Dyspnoea With Pseudomembranous Colitis.
Cureus
January 2024
General Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Article Synopsis
Behavioral Disorders in Mares with Ovarian Disorders, Outcome after Laparoscopic Ovariectomy: A Case Series.
Vet Sci
July 2023
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Owner complaints of estrus-related behavior in mares are a common cause of referral for laparoscopic ovariectomy. Granulosa cell tumors are a common neoplastic condition affecting the equine ovary, causing behavioral changes at rest and reduced performance. The reported success rate of ovariectomy in treating behavioral disorders is 64-86%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep convolutional neural networks for multiple histologic types of ovarian tumors classification in ultrasound images.
Front Oncol
June 2023
The Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- This study focused on using deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) to distinguish various types of ovarian tumors in ultrasound images.
- Researchers analyzed 1,142 ultrasound images from 328 patients, classifying benign tumors and high-grade serous carcinoma, as well as segmenting images for detailed analysis.
- The results showed that the ResNext50 model excelled with a high accuracy of 95.2%, demonstrating the effectiveness of DCNNs in aiding ovarian tumor classification in ultrasound imaging.
Immunohistochemical markers for equine granulosa cell tumors: a pilot study.
J Equine Sci
June 2023
Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Morphology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs), generally referred to as granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) or granulosa-theca cell tumors (GTCTs) in equids, show complex compositions and variable numbers of hormone-producing cells. These tumors can be difficult to diagnose, especially in early stages. Therefore, we tested a panel of antibodies for vimentin, smooth muscle actin, laminin, Ki-67, E-cadherin, calretinin, moesin, p-ezrin, AMH, and aromatase, markers used for tumor composition and classification, progression, and prognosis in human SCSTs, on an exemplary grapefruit-size equine GCT within the left ovary of a 13-year-old mare with stallion-like behavior and elevated testosterone levels in comparison with normal ovarian tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe membrane androgen receptor ZIP9 (SCL39A9) maintains ovarian homeostasis by mediating post-ovulatory follicle breakdown in zebrafish.
Gen Comp Endocrinol
September 2023
Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX, USA.
ZIP9 was recently characterized as a membrane androgen receptor in Atlantic croaker granulosa/theca (G/T) cells where it mediates androgen-induced apoptosis in vitro, but the physiological significance of this action has remained unclear. In the current study, we utilized ZIP9 knockout (zip9) zebrafish to investigate the role of ZIP9-mediated androgen-induced G/T cell apoptosis in vivo. We first confirmed ZIP9 mediates apoptosis of zebrafish G/T cells in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCircular RNAs: Emerging Modulators in the Pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and their Clinical Implications.
Curr Mol Med
January 2024
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- * Recent studies have highlighted the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA that can influence gene expression and are being explored as potential biomarkers for diseases.
- * The review discusses how circRNAs may connect to various mechanisms and signaling pathways in PCOS, emphasizing the need for greater awareness of their potential in clinical settings, especially among obstetricians.
Effects of myo-inositol plus folic acid on ovarian morphology and oocyte quality in PCOS mouse model.
Zygote
April 2023
School of Dentistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Myo-inositol (MYO) has shown potential to enhance oocyte quality in PCOS patients, though direct effects on oocytes were not previously studied due to ethical concerns.
- The research included two phases: first, determining an effective MYO dose by evaluating insulin, testosterone levels, and ovarian structure; second, assessing oocyte quality post-treatment through various measurements like ATP count and ROS levels.
- Results indicated that a specific MYO dose (0.36 mg/g) improved oocyte quality by decreasing testosterone levels, increasing mature oocyte counts, and enhancing antioxidant levels, suggesting MYO may boost mitochondrial function and protect against oxidative stress.
Active immunisation against GnRH as treatment for unilateral granulosa theca cell tumour in mares.
Equine Vet J
July 2021
Unit for Reproductive Medicine - Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the use of a GnRH-vaccine as a non-surgical treatment for mares with unilateral granulosa theca cell tumours (GTCT), known to cause aggressive behavior.
- Four mares with presumptive GTCT received the vaccine, showing a significant decrease in testosterone and Anti-Müllerian hormone levels, alongside improvements in behavior and ovary size.
- The results suggest that the GnRH-vaccine Improvac® effectively reduces tumor-related symptoms, but the study is limited by its small sample size and lack of controlled conditions.
Endocrinological characterization of an ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor with a Sertoli cell pattern in a Japanese Black cow.
Reprod Domest Anim
November 2019
Laboratory of Theriogenology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- A Japanese Black cow showed prolonged post-partum anestrus and an enlarged right ovary, leading to a veterinary evaluation.
- Transrectal ultrasonography indicated the right ovary was significantly enlarged and solid, while the left ovary was small and inactive, raising suspicions of a granulosa-theca cell tumor (GTCT).
- Subsequent hormone level tests confirmed abnormalities consistent with a sex cord-stromal tumor (SCST), specifically with a Sertoli cell pattern, indicating potential biomarkers for diagnosing ovarian tumors in cattle.
Developmental Programming: Contribution of Epigenetic Enzymes to Antral Follicular Defects in the Sheep Model of PCOS.
Endocrinology
October 2019
Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Article Synopsis
- Prenatal testosterone exposure in sheep mimics conditions in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), leading to issues such as irregular ovulation and hormonal imbalances.
- The study examines how prenatal testosterone affects gene expression and epigenetic changes in specific ovarian cells, focusing on factors essential for follicular development.
- Findings reveal distinct alterations in gene expression and histone modifications in different cell types, indicating that epigenetic modifications play a critical role in developing polyfollicular ovaries in these sheep.
Inhibin-A and inhibin-B in cyclic and pregnant mares, and mares with granulosa-theca cell tumors: Physiological and diagnostic implications.
Theriogenology
March 2018
Ansh Labs LLC, Webster, TX, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Research on inhibin levels in mares reveals that traditional immuno-assays can't distinguish between two types: inhibin-A and inhibin-B. Studies showed that inhibin-A and inhibin-B levels changed throughout the estrous cycle and were correlated, especially during ovulation and mid-cycle.* -
- After surgical removal of one ovary (hemi-ovariectomy), younger mares had decreased levels of both inhibin types, while older mares did not, indicating older mares may have a different hormone source. During pregnancy, levels of both inhibins dropped, with inhibin-B becoming more prevalent later in gestation.* -
- In mares with granulosa cell tumors, inhibin-B was found to be a more reliable marker than
FOXL2 Mutation Status in Granulosa Theca Cell Tumors of the Ovary.
Int J Gynecol Pathol
November 2017
Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco (A.N., N.M.J., J.R., C.Z., K.G.) Department of Pathology, El Camino Hospital, Mountain View (A.R.S.), CA.
Article Synopsis
- Ovarian granulosa theca cell tumors contain 10%-50% granulosa cells and have unclear classification and prognosis, distinct from fibromas and thecomas.
- In a study, FOXL2 mutations were found in 50% of these tumors, especially in those with higher granulosa cell content and lobular formations.
- Due to the small sample size and limited follow-up, the impact of FOXL2 mutation on clinical outcomes and tumor management remains uncertain.
Evaluation of diagnostic utility, safety considerations, and effect on fertility of transvaginal ultrasound-guided ovarian biopsy in mares.
Theriogenology
April 2016
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the health and fertility effects of transvaginal luteal biopsies (TVLB) and transvaginal ovarian biopsies (TVOB) in mares, addressing a gap in previous research.
- A total of 53 mares were included, with health assessed through daily monitoring for 72 hours post-procedure and fertility outcomes compared across different groups of mares that underwent TVLB.
- Results indicate that, when performed correctly, TVLB and TVOB procedures did not negatively impact health or fertility, although caution is advised due to the small sample size of cycles analyzed.
Management of Ovarian Cancer In Younger Women.
Rev Recent Clin Trials
August 2016
Department of Gynaec Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, Karnataka State, India.
Article Synopsis
- Ovarian cancer includes various subtypes, with three main types in younger women: germ cell tumors, sex cord stromal tumors, and epithelial ovarian neoplasia.
- Early detection involves thorough evaluations, including clinical exams and imaging, particularly when symptoms like abdominal masses or precocious puberty are present.
- Most young women with ovarian cancer require individualized treatment, typically involving fertility-sparing surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy for certain stages, while some early-stage cases may not need additional therapy.
Spontaneous lactogenesis and galactopoeisis in a virgin dairy heifer with evidence of a granulosa theca cell tumour.
N Z Vet J
November 2015
a School of Animal and Veterinary Science, and Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation , Charles Sturt University, NSW 2678 , Australia.
Evidence of Spontaneous Recovery of Granulosa-Theca Cell Tumour in a Heifer: A Retrospective Report.
Reprod Domest Anim
August 2015
Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- A 14-month-old Japanese Black heifer showed an enlarged right ovary, diagnosed as likely having a granulosa-theca cell tumor (GTCT) based on transrectal ultrasonography and elevated anti-Müllerian hormone levels.
- Throughout monitoring, the right ovary changed from a multicystic state to a single cyst, while the left ovary resumed activity before the scheduled ovariectomy.
- Histopathology ultimately revealed the lesion to be a fluid-filled cyst rather than GTCT, suggesting spontaneous resolution, and the heifer successfully conceived after subsequent reproductive treatments.
Molecular pathogenesis in granulosa cell tumor is not only due to somatic FOXL2 mutation.
J Ovarian Res
September 2014
Article Synopsis
- Granulosa cell tumors are uncommon ovarian cancers known for their unpredictable behavior and potential late recurrence; recent studies have linked a specific mutation (FOXL2 402C > G) to these tumors.
- An 80-year-old woman diagnosed with a granulosa cell tumor presented with pelvic mass and postmenopausal bleeding, but no invasive disease was found during her surgery, and she showed no recurrence over three years post-operation.
- Molecular analysis revealed the FOXL2 mutation as significant for the tumor's development, while additional findings suggested that deficiencies in DNA mismatch repair could influence its malignant behavior and late recurrence risks.
Theriogenology question of the month. Granulosa-theca cell tumor.
J Am Vet Med Assoc
July 2014
Loomis Basin Equine Medical Center, 2973 Penryn Rd, Penryn, CA 95663.
Plasma anti-Müllerian hormone as a biomarker for bovine granulosa-theca cell tumors: comparison with immunoreactive inhibin and ovarian steroid concentrations.
Theriogenology
November 2013
Laboratory of Theriogenology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Article Synopsis
- Granulosa-theca cell tumors (GTCTs) are common ovarian tumors in cattle and are difficult to distinguish from other ovarian issues without invasive biopsy, highlighting the need for a noninvasive diagnostic method.
- The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a potential biomarker for diagnosing GTCTs in cows, conducting two experiments to establish AMH profiles and compare levels between healthy cows and those with GTCT or cystic ovarian disease (COD).
- Results showed that AMH levels were consistently higher in the GTCT group compared to both healthy and COD groups, suggesting AMH could be a reliable noninvasive diagnostic tool for GTCTs in cattle, with a diagnostic accuracy
Long-term outcome for two heifers with a granulosa-theca cell tumour.
Vet Rec
June 2013
School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Neston, Cheshire CH64 7TE, UK.
Alteration in localization of steroid hormone receptors and coregulatory proteins in follicles from cows with induced ovarian follicular cysts.
Reproduction
December 2012
Morphological Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of Litoral (FCV-UNL), R.P. Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Article Synopsis
- Cystic ovarian disease (COD) is a significant factor contributing to infertility in cattle, linked to disrupted follicular dynamics and steroid receptor expression.
- This study examined the protein expression of various steroid receptors and transcription factors in ovarian follicles from heifers with COD induced by ACTH compared to normal heifers.
- Findings revealed altered expression patterns of steroid receptors, suggesting that these changes may contribute to the pathogenesis of COD and its effects on ovulation and follicular persistence.
Granulosa theca cell tumour in a pregnant mare: concentrations of inhibin and testosterone in serum before and after surgery.
N Z Vet J
March 2012
Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
Article Synopsis
- A 14-year-old Thoroughbred mare was evaluated for an enlarged ovary at 73 days of pregnancy, exhibiting aggression towards other horses post-breeding.
- Clinical examination indicated a viable pregnancy and an enlarged right ovary, leading to a diagnosis of a granulosa theca cell tumor (GTCT), which was confirmed after surgical removal.
- Post-surgery, hormone levels of inhibin and testosterone significantly decreased, and pregnancy was confirmed to be ongoing at 115 days gestation, highlighting the importance of diagnosing GTCT in similar cases.