MIBiG 4.0: advancing biosynthetic gene cluster curation through global collaboration.

Specialized or secondary metabolites are small molecules of biological origin, often showing potent biological activities with applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine. Usually, the biosynthesis of these natural products is governed by sets of co-regulated and physically clustered genes known as biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). To share information about BGCs in a standardized and machine-readable way, the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster (MIBiG) data standard and repository was initiated in 2015.

A pain research strategy for Europe: A European survey and position paper of the European Pain Federation EFIC.

Background: Pain is the leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. Despite the increasing burden for patients and healthcare systems, pain research remains underfunded and under focused. Having stakeholders identify and prioritize areas that need urgent attention in the field will help focus funding topics, reduce 'research waste', improve the effectiveness of pain research and therapy and promote the uptake of research evidence.

Blockade of Voltage-Gated K Channels in Rabbit Coronary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells by the Antipsychotic Drug Zotepine.

Zotepine is a second-generation antipsychotic that demonstrates significant efficacy in antagonizing D and 5-HT receptors. Although clinical investigations have shown that administering zotepine is associated with an increased prevalence of hyperglycemia and a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease, the side effects of zotepine on voltage-gated K (Kv) channels have not been established. Zotepine suppressed the vascular Kv channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC of 5.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances cognitive function in schizophrenia: A randomized double-blind sham-controlled trial.

This study aimed to examine the cognitive effects of tDCS and the subjective cognitive improvement perceived by patients with schizophrenia. A total of 173 outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia were recruited for this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Two different stimulation modes were applied: 2 mA 20 minutes active tDCS and sham tDCS.

The burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors by state in the USA, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 provides a comprehensive assessment of health and risk factor trends at global, regional, national, and subnational levels. This study aims to examine the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in the USA and highlight the disparities in health outcomes across different states.

Methods: GBD 2021 analysed trends in mortality, morbidity, and disability for 371 diseases and injuries and 88 risk factors in the USA between 1990 and 2021.

Supplementation of laying hens' feed with Schizochytrium powder and its effect on physical and chemical properties of eggs.

Biofortification enhances dietary quality and nutritional value using traditional marine microalga species, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is an essential n-3 fatty acid for human health. Eggs are natural fortified candidates. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary Schizochytrium powder on egg productivity, egg nutritional content, and fatty acid levels in laying hens.

The global, regional, and national burden of urolithiasis in 204 countries and territories, 2000-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Urolithiasis is a common urological problem that is associated with high morbidity. A comprehensive assessment of the non-fatal and fatal health trends of urolithiasis by age, sex, and geography over time is necessary to inform policy to control this surgically managed non-communicable disease.

Methods: This study was conducted using the standard GBD methodology and analytic tools.

Excess weight by degree and duration and cancer risk (ABACus2 consortium): a cohort study and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Elevated body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m is a major preventable cause of cancer. A single BMI measure does not capture the degree and duration of exposure to excess BMI. We investigate associations between adulthood overweight-years, incorporating exposure time to BMI ≥25 kg/m and cancer incidence, and compare this with single BMI.

Applying the Andersen behavioral model to the medication therapy management program: an approach for improving medication safety in older adults.

Medication therapy problems (MTPs) are common among older adults and are associated with considerable morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management (MTM) program, which includes Comprehensive Medication Reviews (CMRs), Targeted Medication Reviews (TMRs), and guidance on safe medication disposal, is designed to optimize therapeutic outcomes and reduce adverse events by addressing MTPs. Although this program has demonstrated success in reducing MTPs, its utilization remains low, with ongoing concerns about service access disparities, patient satisfaction, and long-term health outcomes.

Traffic Patterns and Emergency Medical Services Prenotification Transport Estimates in Trauma Activations.

Objective: To determine whether traffic patterns affect the accuracy of emergency medical services (EMS) prediction of transport interval to the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Using a retrospective study, we examined all trauma activations at a level one, urban trauma center in Manhasset, New York, between 5/22/2021 and 3/30/2022. Inclusion criteria included patients ≥18 years and arrival by EMS.

Landscape of kidney replacement therapy provision in low- and lower-middle income countries: A multinational study from the ISN-GKHA.

In low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs), delivering equitable kidney care presents substantial challenges, resulting in significant disparities in disease management and treatment outcomes for people with kidney failure. This comprehensive report leveraged data from the International Society of Nephrology-Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA), to provide a detailed update on the landscape of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in LLMICs. Among the 65 participating LLMICs, reimbursement for KRT (publicly funded by the government and free at the point of delivery) was available in 28%, 15%, and 8% for hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and kidney transplantation (KT), respectively.

A two-step hydrothermal method for micro/nanotextured titanium implants and their integration outcomes in goat mandible.

Background: A crucial aspect of contemporary dental implant research is modifying implant microdesign to achieve early and robust osseointegration. This study describes a new facile subtraction approach for microdesign modification of titanium implants using akali-hydrothermal followed by ion-exchange reaction (AHIE) in a salt solution, and compares osseointegration performance to machined titanium alloy (negative control) implants.

Methods: The morphology, wettability, and roughness of the implant surfaces were evaluated.

Tobacco Use, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, and Vulnerable Populations: Current Landscape and Opportunities for Improvement.

The tobacco epidemic has claimed countless lives, caused significant morbidity, and cost billions of dollars in direct costs and lost productivity. Despite its acute vascular effects, nicotine alone has not been definitively linked to cardiovascular events. Rather, additives found in cigarettes and other tobacco products likely play a bigger role in tobacco's link to cardiovascular events.

Twist of Fate: A Case Series on Intestinal Malrotation in Adult Patients.

Intestinal malrotation is a congenital anomaly characterized by rotational errors during the embryonic development of the midgut. Although it is mainly a pediatric diagnosis, some cases do present in adult life. In adults, the condition can present in various ways, with symptoms that may be acute, acute on chronic, chronic, or discovered incidentally.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Fully Automated Quantitative Coronary Angiography vs Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided PCI (FLASH Trial).

Background: Recently developed artificial intelligence-based coronary angiography (AI-QCA, fully automated) provides real-time, objective, and reproducible quantitative analysis of coronary angiography without requiring additional time or labor.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of AI-QCA-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared to optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided PCI in terms of post-PCI results.

Methods: This trial enrolled 400 patients with significant coronary artery disease undergoing PCI from 13 participating centers in South Korea.

Navigating health policies and programs in India: exploring opportunities to improve rare disease management and orphan drug research.

Background: Rare disease (RD) management and orphan drug development in India face various hurdles regarding the implementation and adoption of comprehensive policies, lack of dedicated regulatory frameworks, and absence of epidemiological data. Current rare disease policy focuses more on strengthening the diagnostics and lacks a proper comprehensive treatment framework to ensure favorable clinical outcomes. Indian patients are largely excluded from global orphan drug clinical trials.

Fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma: a single institution-based study of 29 patients by clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and genetic approaches.

Fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a renal neoplasm associated with FH loss, aggressive behaviour, and poor survival. We present a histopathological and immunohistochemical overview of FH-deficient RCC to infer significant features for its differential diagnosis. In this study, FH-deficient RCC tissue samples from patients who underwent surgical resection or biopsy at a single institution between July 1995 and August 2022 were reviewed by conventional haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and whole genome analyses.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in pancreaticopleural fistula: A case report.

Pancreatico-pleural fistula (PPF) is sequelae of pancreatitis. It is more commonly seen in alcoholic pancreatitis with abdominal symptoms and signs. PPF presenting with respiratory symptoms and signs in the absence of abdominal signs is rare.

Rate of decline in kidney function with age: a systematic review.

Objective: To determine the distribution of kidney function values as measured by glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and the rate of decline with age in male and female healthy subjects without pre-existing medical conditions.

Design: Systematic review and structured synthesis.

Search Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science, from database inception to 25 October 2023.