Protective Effects of Fasudil Against Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Zebrafish: An In Vivo Study.

While cisplatin is an effective anti-tumor treatment, it induces ototoxicity through mechanisms involving DNA damage, oxidative stress, and programmed cell death. Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) is essential for numerous cellular processes, including apoptosis regulation. Studies have suggested that ROCK inhibitors could prevent apoptosis and promote regeneration.

The Effect of Group-Based Early Parent Education on Development in Preterm Infants.

Objectives: This study explored how group-based early parent education impacts development in preterm infants.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study, with a historical control group, included preterm infants (n = 246) with corrected ages (CAs) of 0-3 months. Those visiting the clinic between July 2017 and December 2018 formed the control group (n = 145), whereas those visiting between January 2019 and February 2020 (n = 101) constituted the education group.

Bone Marrow Stem Cell Population in Single- and Multiple-Level Aspiration.

Background: Bone marrow aspiration concentrate (BMAC) has garnered increasing interest due to its potential for healing musculoskeletal injuries. While the iliac crest remains a common harvest site, the aspiration technique's efficacy in offering the highest yield and prevalence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is controversial. This study aimed to compare two different techniques of bone marrow aspiration over the anterior iliac crest from a single level versus multiple levels.

Transcriptomic Changes in Human Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Across Culture Passages.

Background/objectives: Tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) are in the limelight in regenerative medicine due to their high proliferation and differentiation potential. It is important to conduct studies to determine the optimal conditions for achieving the maximum yield while maintaining the optimal differentiation capacity of TMSCs.

Methods: This study explores the impact of serial subculture on TMSCs by analyzing gene expression at passages 2, 4, 6, and 8.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Biomarker of Illness State in Bipolar Disorder: A Critical Review.

Mitochondria are organelles involved in different cellular functions, especially energy production. A relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and mood disorders, especially bipolar disorder (BD), has been reported in the scientific literature, which suggests altered energy production and higher levels of oxidative stress compared to healthy controls. Specifically, in BD, the hypothesis of a biphasic pattern of energy availability has been postulated according to mood states.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Leprosy Among Nurses Employed at a Tertiary Healthcare Centre in Central India: An Epidemiological Study.

Introduction: Leprosy is a common infectious disease in India that can lead to nerve damage and disability. There is a dearth of knowledge regarding leprosy not only among the general public but also among healthcare workers. This knowledge gap leads to the generation of stigma and delay in the detection of new cases.

Place-based household vouchers for locally supplied fruit and vegetables: the Fresh Street pilot cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: Households in areas of socio-economic deprivation are more likely to consume diets low in fruit and vegetables. Fresh Street is a place-based fruit and vegetable voucher scheme with vouchers redeemable with local independent (non-supermarket) vendors. Paper vouchers are offered to all households in a geographical area regardless of household type, size, or income with no requirement to demonstrate need.

Subtypes of brain change in aging and their associations with cognition and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

Structural brain changes underlie cognitive changes and interindividual variability in cognition in older age. By using structural MRI data-driven clustering, we aimed to identify subgroups of cognitively unimpaired older adults based on brain change patterns and assess how changes in cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume relate to cognitive change. We tested (1) which brain structural changes predict cognitive change (2) whether these are associated with core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, and (3) the degree of overlap between clusters derived from different structural modalities in 1899 cognitively healthy older adults followed up to 16 years.

Volume and distribution of white matter hyperintensities in rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis patients.

Brain white matter disruptions have been implicated in contributing to fatigue, brain fog and other central symptoms commonly reported in inflammatory diseases. In this study, we included 252 RA patients with 756 age and sex matched controls and 240 UC patients with 720 age and sex matched controls using the UK Biobank imaging dataset. We looked for differences in total volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) between patients compared to controls.

Sex differences in the relationships between 24-h rest-activity patterns and plasma markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Background: Although separate lines of research indicated a moderating role of sex in both sleep-wake disruption and in the interindividual vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related processes, the quantification of sex differences in the interplay between sleep-wake dysregulation and AD pathology remains critically overlooked. Here, we examined sex-specific associations between circadian rest-activity patterns and AD-related pathophysiological processes across the adult lifespan.

Methods: Ninety-two cognitively unimpaired adults (mean age = 59.

Effectiveness of an online food shopping intervention to reduce salt purchases among individuals with hypertension - findings of the SaltSwitch Online Grocery Shopping (OGS) randomised trial.

Background: Online grocery shopping is a growing source of food purchases in many countries. We investigated the effect of nudging consumers towards purchases of lower sodium products using a web browser extension.

Methods: This trial was conducted among individuals with hypertension who shopped for their groceries online in Australia.

Serum C-peptide as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease in Middle-Aged Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study.

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality due to diabetes. A subset of these patients develops this complication relatively early.

A Case Report: Regenerative Biodegradable Chin Implant-A Viable Futuristic Option.

Chin augmentation can dramatically transform a patient's appearance. Various techniques are in use, each with their specific problems and limitations. We present the first case report from the Indian subcontinent using a custom 3D-printed, bioresorbable polycaprolactone implant.

Cognitive and neurodegenerative trajectories of subjective cognitive decline according to baseline biomarkers: Results of the CoSCo study.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is now diagnosed biologically. Since subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may indicate preclinical AD, assessing AD-biomarkers is crucial. We investigated cognitive and neurodegenerative trajectories in SCD over 24 months based on biomarker positivity, and evaluated the predictive value of plasma biomarkers.

Enhanced Specificity in Colorimetric LAMP Assay for Detection Using a Combination of Two Additives.

The genus comprises fungal species closely related to , with and being medically important. These species can cause infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. The current detection methods are limited, prompting the need for rapid and specific diagnostic tools.

Portable Amperometric Biosensor Enhanced with Enzyme-Ternary Nanocomposites for Prostate Cancer Biomarker Detection.

Enzyme-based portable amperometric biosensors are precise and low-cost medical devices used for rapid cancer biomarker screening. Sarcosine (Sar) is an ideal biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa). Because human serum and urine contain complex interfering substances that can directly oxidize at the electrode surface, rapid Sar screening biosensors are relatively challenging and have rarely been reported.

Maternal and pregnancy factors contributing to the association between area deprivation and infant mortality in England: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Socioeconomic inequality in infant mortality in the UK is rising. This study aims to identify contributory maternal and pregnancy factors that can explain the known association between area deprivation and infant mortality.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted using Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) primary care data between 2004 and 2019 linked to the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), and infant mortality from the Office for National Statistics death data.

Comparison of Antitumor Effects of Combinations of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors With Dendritic Cells Intratumorally Injected into Irradiated Mouse Adenocarcinoma.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized immune cells that play a crucial role in presenting antigens and activating cytotoxic T lymphocytes to combat tumors. The immune checkpoint receptor programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) can bind to its ligand programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is expressed on the surface of cancer cells. This interaction suppresses T-cell activation and promotes immune tolerance.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate therapeutic potential in human diseases: molecular mechanisms and clinical studies.

Green tea has garnered increasing attention across age groups due to its numerous health benefits, largely attributed to Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), its key polyphenol. EGCG exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties, as well as benefits for cardiovascular and oral health. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent findings on the therapeutic potential of EGCG in various human diseases.

Effectiveness of sequential bilateral repetitive transcranial stimulation versus bilateral theta burst stimulation for patients with treatment-resistant depression (BEAT-D): A randomized non-inferiority clinical trial.

Background: Bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (BL-rTMS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is effective for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Owing to a shorter treatment time, bilateral theta burst stimulation (BL-TBS) can be more efficient protocol. The non-inferiority of BL-TBS to BL-rTMS was established in late-life TRD; however, this has not been determined in adults of other age groups.

Private-Sector Readmissions for Inpatient Surgery in Veterans Health Administration Hospitals.

Importance: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) reports multiple indicators of hospital surgical performance, including hospital risk-standardized 30-day readmission rates (RSRRs). Currently, most routinely reported measures do not include readmissions that occur outside VHA hospitals. The impact of readmissions outside the VHA on hospital RSRR is not known.

'Quality assessment of infection control measures in delivery points in a tribal district of Maharashtra' - An observational study.

Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality rates remain alarmingly high in low-resource settings, with infections acquired during childbirth contributing significantly to this burden. Effective infection control measures at delivery points are crucial for mitigating these risks. This observational study aimed to assess the quality of infection control practices in delivery points in a tribal district of Maharashtra, India.

Part 2: Drug Interactions Involving Cannabis Products in Persons Aged 18 and Over: A Summary of Published Case Reports and Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

The increasing utilization of cannabis products combined with lack of data regarding potential cannabis-prescription drug interactions is concerning. This study aimed to review published case reports and FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) spontaneous reports to assess cannabis-drug interactions in persons aged 18 and over. A literature search identified 20 case reports that were each assessed for drug interaction causality using the Drug Interaction Probability Scale.