Role of Intermediate Filaments in Blood-Brain Barrier in Health and Disease.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective cellular monolayer unique to the microvasculature of the central nervous system (CNS), and it mediates the communication of the CNS with the rest of the body by regulating the passage of molecules into the CNS microenvironment. Limitation of passage of substances through the BBB is mainly due to tight junctions (TJ) and adherens junctions (AJ) between brain microvascular endothelial cells. The importance of actin filaments and microtubules in establishing and maintaining TJs and AJs has been indicated; however, recent studies have shown that intermediate filaments are also important in the formation and function of cell-cell junctions.

The potential effect mechanism of high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet-induced obesity on anxiety and offspring of zebrafish.

Anxiety and obesity are two current phenomena. They are among the important public health problems with increasing prevalence worldwide. Although it is claimed that there are strong relations between them, the mechanism of this relationship has not been fully clarified yet.

A review of functionalised bacterial cellulose for targeted biomedical fields.

Bacterial cellulose (BC), which can be produced by microorganisms, is an ideal biomaterial especially for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems thanks to its properties of high purity, biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, high crystallinity, 3 D nanofiber structure, porosity and high-water holding capacity. Therefore, wide ranges of researches have been done on the BC production process and its structural and physical modifications to make it more suitable for certain targeted biomedical applications thoroughly. BC's properties such as mechanical strength, pore diameter and porosity can be tuned or processes by using various polymer and compounds.

Fabrication of montmorillonite/ionic liquid composite coated solid-phase microextraction fibers for determination of phenolic compounds in fruit juices by gas chromatography and liquid chromatography.

Novel montmorillonite composites including ionic liquid were prepared and utilized as coating materials for solid phase microextraction fibers. Ionic liquids containing amino terminated imidazolium cations with methyl and benzyl groups and hydrophobic anions (bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) and hydrophilic anions (bromide and tetrafluoroborate) were intercalated to KSF-montmorillonite using stainless steel wire as support by using the layer-by-layer technique. After optimization of experimental conditions, solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) after derivatization by silylation and high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector (SPME-HPLC/DAD) were developed for the determination of 16 phenolic compounds.

Is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) really completely innocent? It may be triggering obesity.

The toxicity of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which has GRAS status and has been determined as "ADI non specified", was re-evaluated with a new modelling and molecular-based data. For this purpose, CMC, a food additive, was injected to the yolk sac (food) of the zebrafish embryo by the microinjection method at the 4th hour of fertilization at different concentrations. As a result, it was found that CMC showed no toxic effects within the framework of the parameters studied.

Synthesis and Characterization of Two Novel Oxazol-5-ones Derivatives and Their Multifunctional Properties; pH Sensitivity, Electropolymerizability and Antiproliferative Activity.

The aim of this study is to synthesize oxazol-5-one derivatives, which have multi-functional properties. Nomenclatures of newly synthesized molecules are 4-(4-N,N-diethylaminophenylmethylene)-2-(3-thienyl)oxazol-5-one (4a) and 4-(4-(1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecyl)phenylmethylene)-2-(3-thienyl)oxazol-5-one (4b). These two novel derivatives contain pH sensitive and polymerizable groups.

Synthesis, characterization, biological activities and molecular docking of Epilobium parviflorum aqueous extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

Epilobium is a medicinal plant; its extracts are widely used traditional medicine due to their broad range of pharmacological and therapeutic properties. Its most prominent feature is its therapeutic effects on prostatic diseases. The aim of this study is preparation of controlled release system of Epilobium parviflorum, and determination of its potential of anticancer applications.

EpCAM-claudin-tetraspanin-modulated ovarian cancer progression and drug resistance.

Alterations of cell adhesion are involved in cancer progression, but the mechanisms underlying the progression and cell adhesion have remained poorly understood. Focusing on the complex between EpCAM, claudins and tetraspanins, we described a sequence of events by which of the molecules associate each other in ovarian cancer. The interactions between molecules were evaluated by immunoprecipitations and then immunoblotting.

In Silico design of AVP (4-5) peptide and synthesis, characterization and in vitro activity of chitosan nanoparticles.

Background: Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) is a neuropeptide and provides learning and memory modulation. The AVP (4-5) dipeptide corresponds to the N-terminal fragment of the major vasopressin metabolite AVP (4-9), has a neuroprotective effect and used in the treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Methods: The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the molecular mechanism of AVP (4-5) dipeptide and to develop and synthesize chitosan nanoparticle formulation using modified version of ionic gelation method, to increase drug effectiveness.

Polystyrene nanoplastics (20 nm) are able to bioaccumulate and cause oxidative DNA damages in the brain tissue of zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio).

Nano-sized plastic particles formed from both daily use plastics and its debris have become a potential health and environmental problem due to features such as transportation through food webs and maternal transfer. Although many studies on the toxicity of plastics exist more detailed and molecular studies are needed to evaluate and review the effects of plastics especially in nano-size range. For this purpose, we have microinjected polystyrene nanoplastics (PNP) (20 nm) to the zebrafish embryo, which is one of the best model organisms for developmental toxicity studies, to simulate intake with food or maternal.

Genotoxic action of Luna Experience-SC 400 fungicide on rat bone marrow.

Fungicides describe all chemicals used to control fungi that infect plants. Luna Experience SC-400 is a new line of fungicide that consist of Fluopyram and Tebuconazole. In this study, We investigated the genotoxicty and cytotoxicty of Luna Experience-SC 400 using comet assay, micronucleus test and polychromatic erythrocytes number in rat bone marrow.

In silico Analysis of Sulpiride, Synthesis, Characterization and In vitro Studies of its Nanoparticle for the Treatment of Schizophrenia.

Background: Sulpiride, which has selective dopaminergic blocking activity, is a substituted benzamide antipsychotic drug playing a prominent role in the treatment of schizophrenia, which more selective and primarily blocks dopamine D2 and D3 receptor.

Objective: This study has two main objectives, firstly; the molecular modeling studies (MD and Docking, ADME) were conducted to define the molecular profile of sulpiride and sulpiridereceptor interactions, another to synthesize polymeric nanoparticles with chitosan, having the advantage of slow/controlled drug release, to improve drug solubility and stability, to enhance utility and reduce toxicity.

Methods: Molecular dynamic simulation was carried out to determine the conformational change and stability (in water) of the drug and the binding profile of D3 dopamine receptor was determined by molecular docking calculations.

Mites of the family Pachylaelapidae in Bayburt Province, Turkey (Acari: Mesostigmata), with a new record and three new species.

This paper reports on mites of the family Pachylaelapidae collected in Bayburt Province, Turkey, during 2013-2015. Nine species were recorded in the genera Pachyseius, Olopachys, Pachylaelaps, and Onchodellus. Pachylaelaps (Longipachylaelaps) bayburtensis sp.

Investigation of genotoxic and apoptotic effects of zirconium oxide nanoparticles (20 nm) on L929 mouse fibroblast cell line.

In recent years, advances in nano-scale technology have led to the use of nanoparticles in almost all areas of life. Nanoparticles (NP) have been acknowledged as one of the emerging environmental threats; however, studies in different components of environment are limited. Among the available nanoparticles, zirconium oxide nanoparticles are widely used in tooth coating and cosmetic products.

Papain Loaded Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Nanoparticles: In-silico and In-Vitro Studies.

Papain is a protease enzyme with therapeutic properties that are very valuable for medical applications. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is an ideal polymeric carrier for controlled drug delivery systems due to its low biodegradability and its high biocompatibility. In this study, the three-dimensional structure and action mechanism of papain were investigated by in vitro and in silico experiments using molecular dynamics (MD) and molecular docking methods to elucidate biological functions.

Effects of thermal and deformation on martensitic transformation and magnetic properties in Fe-17%Mn-4.5%X (X=Co and Mo) alloys.

In this study, the Co and Mo addition to Fe-Mn based alloys was investigated to observe its effect on martensitic phase transformation. Two types of martensite structure occurred from the surface observations made by SEM for Co-added and Mo-added alloys morphologically in austenite grain. With the help of TEM studies, it was understood that these martensite structures are ε (h.

Cell segmentation in histopathological images with deep learning algorithms by utilizing spatial relationships.

In many computerized methods for cell detection, segmentation, and classification in digital histopathology that have recently emerged, the task of cell segmentation remains a chief problem for image processing in designing computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. In research and diagnostic studies on cancer, pathologists can use CAD systems as second readers to analyze high-resolution histopathological images. Since cell detection and segmentation are critical for cancer grade assessments, cellular and extracellular structures should primarily be extracted from histopathological images.

Modeling prepolymerization step of a serotonin imprinted polymer.

Studies on generating artificial macromolecular receptors by molecular imprinting of synthetic polymers significantly emerged in the literature during last decades. The non-covalent approach, one of the three methods used in MIP synthesis, is more flexible for the choice of functional monomers, possible target molecules, and use of the imprinted materials. This study aims to investigate a serotonin imprinted polymer prepared by non-covalent approach using molecular modeling.

Optimization of bacterial cellulose production by Gluconacetobacter xylinus using carob and haricot bean.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) can be used in medical, biomedical, electronic, food, and paper industries because of its unique properties distinguishing it from plant cellulose. BC production was statistically optimized by Gluconacetobacter xylinus strain using carob and haricot bean (CHb) medium. Eight parameters were evaluated by Plackett-Burman Design and significant three parameters were optimized by Central Composite Design.

Electrochemical assay for determination of gluten in flour samples.

Herein, an electrochemical assay developed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in combination with the disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was progressed for sensitive and selective detection of gluten. Under the optimum experimental conditions, a linear concentration range of gluten was obtained from 20 to 100 μg/mL and consequently the detection limit was found to be 7.11 μg/mL.

Voltammetric aptasensor combined with magnetic beads assay developed for detection of human activated protein C.

A sensitive and selective label free voltammetric aptasensor based on magnetic beads assay was performed for the first time in our study for monitoring of human activated protein C (APC), which is a serine protease (i.e., key enzyme of the protein C pathway).

Uncertainty modeling for ontology-based mammography annotation with intelligent BI-RADS scoring.

This paper presents an ontology-based annotation system and BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) score reasoning with Semantic Web technologies in mammography. The annotation system is based on the Mammography Annotation Ontology (MAO) where the BI-RADS score reasoning works. However, ontologies are based on crisp logic and they cannot handle uncertainty.