Rate of Changes in CMT Neuropathy and Examination Scores in Japanese Adult CMT1A Patients.

We aimed to clarify when adult patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A), especially those diagnosed at middle or advanced ages, first showed symptoms and whether the rate of disease progression is accelerated by aging. Medical records of CMT1A outpatients between 2012 and 2019 were reviewed. The age at diagnosis, age when symptoms first appeared, and rate of disease progression, assessed based on clinical outcome measures including the CMT Neuropathy Score (CMTNS), Rasch-modified CMTNS (CMTNS-R), CMT Examination Score (CMTES), and Rasch-modified CMTES (CMTES-R) were analyzed.

Plant pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum and Magnaporthe share a common G phase monitoring strategy for proper appressorium development.

To breach the plant cuticle, many plant pathogenic fungi differentiate specialized infection structures (appressoria). In Colletotrichum orbiculare (cucumber anthracnose fungus), this differentiation requires unique proper G /S phase progression, regulated by two-component GTPase activating protein CoBub2/CoBfa1 and GTPase CoTem1. Since their homologues regulate mitotic exit, cytokinesis, or septum formation from yeasts to mammals, we asked whether the BUB2 function in G /S progression is specific to plant pathogenic fungi.

A Case of Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma: Remarkable Decrease in Multiple Lung Metastases within 40 Years after a Single Administration of Radioiodine without Thyroidectomy and with Later Anaplastic Transformation.

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon malignancy of childhood and adolescence that is unique because it has an overall favorable prognosis despite its relatively high rate of nodal and distant metastases. Total thyroidectomy and positive I therapy are recommended for cases with pulmonary metastases. In contrast, anaplastic thyroid cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies that have an unfavorable and miserable prognosis.

Colletotrichum orbiculare Regulates Cell Cycle G1/S Progression via a Two-Component GAP and a GTPase to Establish Plant Infection.

Morphogenesis in filamentous fungi depends on appropriate cell cycle progression. Here, we report that cells of the cucumber anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare regulate G1/S progression via a two-component GAP, consisting of Budding-uninhibited-by-benomyl-2 (Bub2) and Byr-four-alike-1 (Bfa1) as well as its GTPase Termination-of-M-phase-1 (Tem1) to establish successful infection. In a random insertional mutagenesis screen of infection-related morphogenesis, we isolated a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, BUB2, which encodes a two-component Rab GAP protein that forms a GAP complex with Bfa1p and negatively regulates mitotic exit.

[Advances of neuroimaging research and the development of pathophysiology hypothesis for obsessive-compulsive disorder].

Hypotheses of pathophysiology in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have developed in parallel with advances in neuroimaging. Based on findings from early PET and SPECT studies evaluating cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism, one theory proposed involvement of the orbitofrontal-striatum-thalamus loop (the "OCD loop"), which is relevant to the enforced learning and maintenance of OC symptoms. This OCD loop hypothesis has been revised in accordance with advances in neuroimaging techniques and the accumulation of findings.