Maximizing H Production from a Combination of Catalytic Partial Oxidation of CH and Water Gas Shift Reaction.

A single-bed and dual-bed catalyst system was studied to maximize H production from the combination of partial oxidation of CH and water gas shift reaction. In addition, the different types of catalysts, including Ni, Cu, Ni-Re, and Cu-Re supported on gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) were investigated under different operating conditions of temperature (400-650 °C). Over Ni-based catalysts, methane can easily dissociate on a Ni surface to give hydrogen and carbon species.

Polymorphisms Influence the Expression of the Fas and FasL Genes in COVID-19.

The apoptotic molecule Fas and its ligand FasL are involved in the process of T-lymphocyte death, which may lead to lymphopenia, a characteristic of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we investigated the influence of polymorphisms in the and genes, and gene expression, and plasma cytokine levels on COVID-19 severity and long COVID occurrence. A total of 116 individuals with severe COVID-19 and 254 with the non-severe form of the disease were evaluated.

Sonic Hedgehog Determines Early Retinal Development and Adjusts Eyeball Architecture.

The eye primordium of vertebrates initially forms exactly at the side of the head. Later, the eyeball architecture is tuned to see ahead with better visual acuity, but its molecular basis is unknown. The position of both eyes in the face alters in patients with holoprosencephaly due to () mutations that disturb the development of the ventral midline of the neural tube.

Impact of Hyaluronic Acid on the Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Microenvironment: A Novel Anti-Tumor Mechanism of Bexarotene.

Background: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that primarily affects the skin, rich in hyaluronic acid (HA). HA is a component of the extracellular matrix in the dermis and likely affects the development of CTCL, but the mechanism is poorly understood. Here we show that low-molecular-weight HA (LMWHA) possibly exacerbates CTCL, and bexarotene, already used in CTCL treatment, decreases HA production.

Intergenerational Transaction of Emotional Health in Collective Family Context: Family Functioning, Parental and Children's Gratitude, and Their Depression.

The current study is intended to examine how positive family functioning, collectively constructed by parents and children in the family context, may contribute to their gratitude and depression, two pivotal human emotions closely related to human health, in which the gratitude and depression of parents and children are assumed to affect each other bidirectionally and parental and children's gratitude is expected to link the relations between positive family functioning and their depression. The data for analysis came from a community sample of 310 Chinese parent-child dyads, which were measured by the Family Functioning Style Scale (FFSS), Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ), and depression subscale of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) from both the parent and child participants. : The results indicated that positive family functioning contributed to higher parental and children's gratitude and their less depression, and parental and children's gratitude and depression affected each other positively.

Exacerbation of diabetes due to F. Nucleatum LPS-induced SGLT2 overexpression in the renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.

Background: Diabetes treatments by the control of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is commonly conducted while there are still uncertainties about the mechanisms for the SGLT2 overexpression in kidneys with diabetes. Previously, we have reported that glomeruli and proximal tubules with diabetic nephropathy express toll-like receptor TLR2/4, and that the TLR ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of periodontal pathogens have caused nephropathy in diabetic model mice. Recently, many researchers suggested that the periodontal pathogenic bacteria Fusobacterium (F.

Differential responses of Bradyrhizobium sp. SUTN9-2 to plant extracts and implications for endophytic interactions within different host plants.

Bradyrhizobium sp. strain SUTN9-2 demonstrates cell enlargement, increased DNA content, and efficient nitrogen fixation in response to rice (Oryza sativa) extract. This response is attributed to the interaction between the plant's cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and the Bradyrhizobium BacA-like transporter (BclA), similar to bacteroid in legume nodules.

Utility of complexity analysis in electroencephalography and electromyography for automated classification of sleep-wake states in mice.

We explore an innovative approach to sleep stage analysis by incorporating complexity features into sleep scoring methods for mice. Traditional sleep scoring relies on the power spectral features of electroencephalogram (EEG) and the electromyogram (EMG) amplitude. We introduced a novel methodology for sleep stage classification based on two types of complexity analysis, namely multiscale entropy and detrended fluctuation analysis.

Secondary metabolites of Alternaria alternate appraisal of their SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory and anti-inflammatory potentials.

This study identifies the secondary metabolites from Alternaria alternate and evaluates their ACE-2: Spike RBD (SARS-CoV-2) inhibitory activity confirmed via immunoblotting in human lung microvascular endothelial cells. In addition, their in vitro anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using a cell-based assay in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

Rspo3-mediated metabolic liver zonation regulates systemic glucose metabolism and body mass in mice.

The unique architecture of the liver consists of hepatic lobules, dividing the hepatic features of metabolism into 2 distinct zones, namely the pericentral and periportal zones, the spatial characteristics of which are broadly defined as metabolic zonation. R-spondin3 (Rspo3), a bioactive protein promoting the Wnt signaling pathway, regulates metabolic features especially around hepatic central veins. However, the functional impact of hepatic metabolic zonation, regulated by the Rspo3/Wnt signaling pathway, on whole-body metabolism homeostasis remains poorly understood.

Temporal Tendencies: Exploring the Impact of Chronotype Timing on Youth Depression Risk.

Developmental changes in youth sleep preferences (chronotype) and pubertal development are consequential for youth risk for depression. Previous research has identified individual differences in chronotype in risk for psychopathology. However, little is known regarding how the timing of chronotype may confer risk in youth.

The Rise of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Glia Models of Neuroinflammation.

Neuroinflammation is a blanket term that describes the body's complex inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS). It encompasses a phenotype shift to a proinflammatory state, the release of cytokines, the recruitment of peripheral immune cells, and a wide variety of other processes. Neuroinflammation has been implicated in nearly every major CNS disease ranging from Alzheimer's disease to brain cancer.

Impacts of Racket Handle Design on Table Tennis Topspin Forehand Rally Performance Among Beginner Players.

Physical inactivity is a major global public health concern, and table tennis offers a low-impact, engaging way to promote physical activity across various age groups. However, many beginners struggle to maintain effective participation due to their lower skill levels. Therefore, the development and reinforcement of stable grip techniques is crucial because it will help beginners achieve sustainable improvements in performance.

Automatic Aortic Valve Extraction Using Deep Learning with Contrast-Enhanced Cardiac CT Images.

Purpose: This study evaluates the use of deep learning techniques to automatically extract and delineate the aortic valve annulus region from contrast-enhanced cardiac CT images. Two approaches, namely, segmentation and object detection, were compared to determine their accuracy.

Materials And Methods: A dataset of 32 contrast-enhanced cardiac CT scans was analyzed.

Development of a Cable-Driven Bionic Spherical Joint for a Robot Wrist.

Wrist movements play a crucial role in upper-limb motor tasks. As prosthetic and robotic hand technologies have evolved, increasing attention has been focused on replicating the anatomy and functionality of the wrist. Closely imitating the biomechanics and movement mechanisms of human limbs is expected to enhance the overall performance of bionic robotic hands.

Assessment of Exercise-Induced Dehydration Status Based on Oral Mucosal Moisture in a Field Survey.

Conventional techniques for evaluating hydration status include the analysis of blood, urine, and body weight. Recently, advancements in dentistry have introduced capacitance sensor-based oral epithelial moisture meters as promising avenues for assessment. This study aimed to examine the correlation between oral mucosal moisture content, as determined using a capacitance sensor, and exercise-induced dehydration.

Cannabidiol suppresses proliferation and induces cell death, autophagy and senescence in human cholangiocarcinoma cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Background And Aim: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is usually diagnosed at a late stage, leading to treatment failure. Cannabidiol (CBD), exhibits diverse anti-cancer effects in various cancers, offering avenues for improving CCA treatment. This study investigated the effects of CBD on human CCA cells and the underlying mechanisms and .

An analysis of causal relationships among the factors affecting the academic performance of students at the Alborz University of Medical Sciences.

Background: University graduates are leaders, great human resources, and responsible for the economic and social development of every country. The present study aimed at evaluating the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between stress and effort-reward imbalance (E.R.

A Longitudinal Investigation of Trans and Nonbinary Youth Identity: Individual Processes and Family Agreement in the Trans Teen and Family Narratives Project.

Few studies have focused on transgender and nonbinary youths' (TNBY) gender development and even less well understood is how family members understand TNBY identity. The current study investigated: a) how TNBY describe their gender identity over time, and b) how family members understand TNBY gender identity over time. The baseline sample included 96 members of 33 families (33 TNBY, 48 cisgender caregivers, 15 siblings) from the United States; 30 families continued after Wave 1.

Factors Related to Blood Loss During Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

Background: The safety and efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery have improved with the development of new equipment and improved surgical techniques. However, it is accompanied by the risk of complications. Intraoperative blood loss is an important factor in the safe conduct of surgery.

Study on the Brill transition of polyamide 6 with different crystal forms using low- and high-frequency Raman spectroscopy.

Polyamide 6 (PA6) in its α and γ-forms was studied from 30 to 220 °C using Raman spectroscopy in the low- and high-wavenumber regions. Quantum chemical calculations were employed to assist with band assignments. In the low-wavenumber region, a peak at approximately 100 cm, attributable to a mixed mode of methylene lateral motion and amide group stretching, was observed.

An interactive course program on nutrition for medical students: interdisciplinary development and mixed-methods evaluation.

Nutrition plays a crucial role in human and planetary health, as prevailing nutritional patterns significantly contribute to the global non-communicable disease pandemic. Moreover, the global food system is inextricably linked to planetary health deterioration. The relevance of nutrition for individual and planetary health is insufficiently addressed in German medical schools.

Pharmacological and structural insights into nanvuranlat, a selective LAT1 (SLC7A5) inhibitor, and its N-acetyl metabolite with implications for cancer therapy.

L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1, SLC7A5), overexpressed in various cancers, mediates the uptake of essential amino acids crucial for tumor growth. It has emerged as a promising target for cancer therapy. Nanvuranlat (JPH203/KYT-0353), a LAT1 inhibitor, has shown antitumor activity in preclinical studies and efficacy in biliary tract cancer during clinical trials.

Loss of neuronal activity facilitates surface accumulation of p75NTR and cell death in avian cochlear nucleus.

Sensorineural hearing loss causes cell death in central auditory neurons, but molecular mechanisms of triggering this process are not fully understood. We report here that loss of afferent activity promotes cell death by facilitating proBDNF-p75NTR signals in cochlear nucleus of chicks around hatch. RNA-seq analyses revealed up-regulation of genes related to proBDNF-p75NTR-JNK signals as well as apoptosis at the nucleus within 24hours after unilateral cochlea deprivation.

Structural insights into nucleocapsid protein variability: Implications for PJ34 efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.

Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) include common cold viruses such as HCoV-229E, OC43, NL63 and HKU1 as well as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, which cause severe respiratory disease. Recently, SARS-CoV-2 caused a COVID-19 pandemic. The nucleocapsid (N) protein of coronaviruses, which is essential for RNA binding and homodimerization, has a highly conserved structure across viruses.